Abstract:
A centrifugal cartridge or disk used for extraction of light supernatant fractions from fluid samples is described, particularly for non-homogenous fluid biological samples such as whole blood. The device may be used to collect cell-free blood plasma or a fraction of whole blood containing target cells such as leukocytes. Single or multiple channels are described, including channels with passive valves, gaskets, receiving cavities, inlet holes, capillary wicking ridges, distal cavities for cell retention, separator gel, and density medium. Centrifugal action causes whole blood in a receiving cavity to pass into one or more channels where it separates into blood cells, plasma and optionally fractions of an intermediate density. After spin, the plasma returns to the receiving cavity by way of the one or more channels for extraction through the inlet hole or other inwardly located hole. Disposable cartridges are constructed of monolithic top and bottom plates, which may be joined together by an elastomeric outer seal.
Abstract:
A device and method for automated imaging of samples are described, particularly for non-homogeneous fluid biological samples. One purpose is particle quantification and other analysis. A device comprises a fluidic disk, a monolithic optical subsystem comprising a camera, imaging optics, rotational and focus motors, controller, and user interface. In a method, the fluidic disk receives a biological sample containing particles of interest and distributes them into multiple channels of defined thickness. Spatially distinct portions of the sample are drawn into each channel. The fluidic disk is then rotated by a motor such that a portion of each channel comes into alignment with the imaging optics and then each portion is imaged sequentially, thereby compensating for sample non-homogeneity. Embodiments include monochromatic LED illumination and image processing and particle counting in the channel images.
Abstract:
A method and device performing the method for estimation of cell count, such as sperm cell count, is disclosed. The device may be a kit including a cartridge configured to hold fluid, such as seminal fluid, and an instrument configured to centrifuge the cartridge. The cartridge and instrument are configured such that, during operation or centrifugation, they are securely attached to each other. The cartridge has a component with a defined cross-sectional volume. The defined cross-sectional volume is used to mark the component with markings, allowing a user of the device to read the markings and estimate cell volume and, thus, concentration. Various embodiments of the device are disclosed.
Abstract:
Embodiments of a single-tube rotor for a portable and compact centrifugal system are described. Embodiments include a monolithic rotor, suitable for manufacturing in a straight-pull injection mold, with an attachment hub, fixed retainer for exactly one sample tube, arms for the retainer, and a thin, aerodynamic counterweight. Embodiments include a counterweight and tube retainer angled downward; a central clearance volume for manual placement of a sample tube; and dimensions optimized to just fill a fixed rotational circle. Embodiments include a centrifuge with an enclosure, hinged lid, motor, and timer, free of both user controls and user displays.
Abstract:
A cartridge for determining a concentration of target cells within a sample includes a separation portion and a detection portion. The separation portion includes a first and second surface defining a separation chamber. The separation portion can contain a density medium having a density greater than a density of a first portion of the sample and less than a density of a second portion of the sample (that includes the target cells). The separation chamber can be fluidically coupled to an inlet reservoir such that the sample can pass from the inlet reservoir to the separation chamber during rotation. The detection portion includes a detection surface that forms a boundary of a detection chamber. The detection surface is nonparallel to the first surface such that the target cells impinge on the detection surface when passing into the detection chamber. The detection surface is configured to capture the target cells.
Abstract:
A cup used to receive, hold, measure and pour liquids, such a specimens, such as for a medical assay, is described. The cup comprises an open receiving upper chamber, two open sample-directing channels, and an open, calibrated and marked measuring column. When sitting on a level surface, fluid flows from the upper chamber through the sample-directing channels into the measuring column. A foot is under each fluid-directing channel. The base of the measuring column functions as a third foot. Cups nest, with the two feet of the upper cup sitting into two sample-directing columns of lower cup. The measuring column and upper chamber taper to permit nesting. If the cup is tipped, it rests on two of three of: the two feet and the base of the measuring column, and a point on a lower perimeter of the upper chamber, such that fluid will not spill.
Abstract:
The disclosure describes methods and devices with which to process and analyze difficult chemical, biological, environmental samples including but not limited to those containing bulk solids or particulates. The disclosure includes a cartridge which contains a separation tube as well as one or more valves and cavities for receiving raw sample materials and for directing and containing various fluids or samples. The cartridge may contain a separation fluid or density medium of defined density, and structures which direct particulates toward defined regions of the cartridge. Embodiments can include a rotational device for rotating the cartridge at defined rotational rates for defined time intervals. Embodiments allowing multiple assays from a single sample are also disclosed. In some embodiments, this device is used for direct processing and chemical analysis of food, soil, blood, stool, motor oil, semen, and other samples of interest.