Abstract:
Disclosed is a registry for candidate transfusion donors, which invokes an inventory management policy to create and actively manage lists of candidate donors in order to minimize imbalances between demand and supply across multiple regions and across multiple categories of donors and recipients. Together with a genotyping laboratory, the registry does targeted recruitment of prospective donors who are typed for a set of genetic markers relating to clinically relevant antigens including mutations of Human Erythrocyte Antigens (HEA), genetic variants of Rh, and possibly additional antigens such as HLA and HPA. The registry monitors incoming demand for transfusion antigen genotypes, preferably stratify the demand into a set of categories representing stable subpopulations, and will apply strategies, disclosed herein, to tune the composition of candidate donor lists to match the demand, thereby avoiding excess, and unnecessary, typing of candidate donors,
Abstract:
This invention relates to a multiplexed assay method earned out in solution, wherein the solution contains nucleic aad targets and, wherein several different types of oligonucleotide probes are used to detect the nucleic acid targets The assay method includes a method for increasing the effective concentration of the nucleic acid targets at the surface of a bead to which the oligonucleotide probes are bound, by one or more of the following steps adjusting assay conditions so as to increase the effective concentration of the targets available for binding to the probes, including (?) selecting a particular probe density on the surface of the bead, (??) selecting a solution having an ionic strength greater than a threshold, (??) selecting a target domain of a size less than a threshold, or (in) selecting target domains within a specified proximity to a terminal end of the targets
Abstract:
Disclosed are methods of for constructing a bead-displayed library of oligonucleotide probes (or sequence-modified capture moieties such as protein-nucleic acid conjugates) by ligation of a capture probe, having an analyte-specific sequence, to an anchor probe that is attached, at its 5 '-end, (or possibly at the 3' end) to an encoded carrier such as a color-coded microparticle ("bead"). Such a library can also be constructed by elongation of an anchor probe, using a second probe as the elongation template, wherein the second probe has an anchor-specific subsequence and an analyte-specific subsequence.
Abstract:
A method mediated with in-vitro transcription ("IVT") which permits miniaturization of multiplexed DNA and RN analysis, and in which elongation-mediated multiplexed analysis of polymorphisms (eMAP®) is used as the analysis step, is described. Also described is a method mediated with IVT is for selecting a designated strand from T7-tagged double a stranded DNA: wherein, the selected strand forms the template for RNA synthesis. In one embodiment, double stranded DNA incorporating the T7 (or other) promoter sequence at the 3' end or the 5'end is produced, for example, by amplification of genomic DNA using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Also disclosed are nested PCR designs permitting allele analysis in combination with strand selection by IVT. Further, in one embodiment of a homogeneous format for transcription-mediated amplification and multiplexed detection (which may be particularly suited for viral or pathogen detection), encoded microparticles display "looped" capture probe configurations permitting the generation of a signal upon capture of RNA product and real-time assay monitoring.
Abstract:
Disclosed are methods relating to cell membrane fragments associated with microbeads, so that the characteristics of the cells the fragments originated from can be determined. The fragments can be oriented with what was the outer surface of the cell membrane facing outwardly, so that the antigens associated with the membrane can be contact with ligands (including antibodies) to antigens in the membranes which would be accessible to antibodies in vivo. The system is useful, inter alia, for detection of panel reactive antibodies in donor serum, as well as detection of other cell membrane antigens; or quantitation of particular cell membrane antigens.
Abstract:
Disclosed are methods of multiplexed analysis of oligonucleotides in a sample, including: methods of probe and target "engineering", as well as methods of assay signal analysis relating to the modulation of the probe-target affinity constant, K by a variety of factors including the elastic properties of target strands and layers of immobilized ("grafted") probes; and assay methodologies relating to: the tuning of assay signal intensities including dynamic range compression and on-chip signal amplification; the combination of hybridization-mediated and elongation-mediated detection for the quantitative determination of abundance of messages displaying a high degree of sequence similarity, including, for example, the simultaneous determination of the relative expression levels, and identification of the specific class of, untranslated AU-rich subsequences located near the 3' terminus of mRNA; and a new method of subtractive differential gene expression analysis which requires only a single color label.
Abstract:
This invention provides high unit density arrays of microparticles and methods of assembling such arrays. The microparticles in the arrays may be functionalized with chemical or biological entities specific to a given target analyte. The high unit density arrays of this invention are formed on chips which may be combined to form multichip arrays acccording to the methods described herein. The chip and/or multichip arrays of this invention are useful for chemical and biological assays.
Abstract:
This invention provides high unit density arrays of microparticles and methods of assembling such arrays. The microparticles in the arrays may be functionalized with chemical or biological entities specific to a given target analyte. The high unit density arrays of this invention are formed on chips which may be combined to form multichip arrays acccording to the methods described herein. The chip and/or multichip arrays of this invention are useful for chemical and biological assays.
Abstract:
The invention provides methods and processes for the identification of polymorphisms at one or more designated sites, without interference from non-designated sites located within proximity of such designated sites. Probes are provided capable of interrogation of such designated sites in order to determine the composition of each such designated site. By the methods of this invention, one or more mutations within the CFTR gene and the HLA gene complex can be identified.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus for fractionation of a mixture of particles and for particle analysis are provided, in which LEAPS ("Light-controlled Electrokinetic Assembly of Particles near Surfaces") is used to fractionate and analyze a plurality of particles suspended in an interface between an electrode and an electrolyte solution. A mixture of particles are fractionated according to their relaxation frequencies, which in turn reflect differences in size or surface composition of the particles. Particles may also be analyzed to determine their physical and chemical properties based on particle relaxation frequency and maximal velocity.