Abstract:
An optical member includes a glass substrate and an antireflection film disposed on a surface of the glass substrate. The antireflection film includes an oxide layer mainly composed of aluminum oxide and having a textured shape in a surface and an intermediate layer disposed between the glass substrate and the oxide layer. The intermediate layer includes sheet-like crystals that are stacked so that their surfaces are parallel to the surface of the substrate.
Abstract:
An ion-conductive polymer composite membrane is provided which has both high gas barrier properties and high protonic conductivity. The ion-conductive polymer composite membrane includes an ion-conductive polymer and ion-conductive materials. The ion-conductive materials each include i) an inorganic layered structure including a plurality of layers formed of an inorganic compound and ii) a sulfobetaine-type or hydroxysulfobetaine-type ampholytic surfactant. The ampholytic surfactant is present between the layers formed of an inorganic compound. The present invention further provides a membrane-electrode assembly and a fuel cell which use the ion-conductive polymer composite membrane, and a process for producing the ion-conductive polymer composite membrane.
Abstract:
Ion conductive materials are provided each of which includes an inorganic layered structure including multiple layers made of an inorganic compound and ion exchange groups bound with the inorganic layered structure, wherein the ion exchange groups are bound with every face of each of the multiple layers made of an inorganic compound. Using the inorganic structures, an ion conducting polymer composite membrane is provided having both a high gas barrier property and high proton conductivity. Such a membrane is utilized to produce a membrane electrode assembly, and the assembly is utilized to produce a fuel cell.
Abstract:
A particle assembly of 30 μm or less, low in angle dependence properties of visual performance and excellent in chroma is provided. A polyhedron-shaped particle assembly having a diameter of 30 μm or less, in which a surface of an optically isotropic structure in a material developing a structural color is covered with at least two layers each including a crystal plane in which a particle is regularly arranged.
Abstract:
To provide an optical member in which crystallization is suppressed and which has a porous glass layer on a base material. An optical member has a base material (1) and a porous glass layer (2) which is formed on the base material (1) and has a three-dimensional through pore, in which the existence ratio of crystals of 0.2 micrometer or more in the porous glass layer (2) is 1.0% or lower. The optical member is manufactured by heating a glass powder layer at a temperature elevation rate of 50 degree/min or higher to form a base glass layer which is then phase separated and etched.
Abstract:
There are provided an optical member having a low reflectance and a good dustproof property and an image pickup apparatus. A plurality of projections are formed on a surface of a low-refractive-index layer disposed on a base and having a refractive index lower than that of the base so that a distance between peaks of the projections is 50 nm or more and 600 nm or less. An occupied area percentage at a depth of 15 nm in a direction toward the base from a peak farthest from the base among the peaks of the projections is 40% or less. An average of minor axis lengths of the projections at a depth of 5 nm or more and 15 nm or less in the direction is 15 nm or more.
Abstract:
There is provided an optical member having a low reflectance and a good dustproof property. An optical member includes a base and a low-refractive- index layer disposed on the base and containing particles having a refractive index lower than that of the base. A plurality of projections are formed on a surface of the low- refractive-index layer. The width of the projections is 5 nm or more and 80 nm or less and the distance between the projections is 80 nm or more and 250 nm or less.
Abstract:
A particle assembly low in angle dependence properties of visual performance and excellent in chroma is provided. A particle assembly in which a surface of an optically isotropic structure in a material developing a structural color is covered with a colloidal crystal in which a particle is regularly arranged, and a void between the particles is packed with a material having a lower refractive index than that of a material of the particle is provided.
Abstract:
There is provided an optical member having a low reflectance and a good dustproof property. An optical member includes a base and a porous layer disposed on the base and including a plurality of pores. A plurality of projections are formed on a surface of the porous layer. The width of the projections is larger than the pore size of the pores of the porous layer. The distance between the projections is 75 nm or more and 300 nm or less.