摘要:
The present invention is directed to a method of zwitteration of polysaccharides or other polymers with carboxybetaine (CB) or another zwitterionic betaine. Zwitterionic CB functional groups were seamlessly integrated onto dextran backbone via a one pot reaction. Different degrees of substitution were achieved by repeating the reaction and controlling the ratio of reactants. CB side groups in CB-functionalized dextran (CB-Dex) can switch between cationic and zwitterionic forms under acidic and neutral conditions. The ring structure formation was confirmed by heteronuclear multiple-bond correlation (gHMBC) 2D-NMRAntifouling properties of CB-Dex were tested in the form of hydrogel using a fluorescent method. The amount of adsorbed protein decreases dramatically with the increase of CB content. For the cell attachment study, there was almost no cell attaching on the CB-Dex hydrogel surface with the higher CB content. Further, the optical transparency was enhanced by increasing the CB content.
摘要:
In one or more embodiments, the present invention provides a method of forming compact, flexible, stable and biocompatible conducting polymer coating for bioelectronics devices. In one or more embodiments, the present invention relates to a novel method of synthesizing a sulfobetaine-functionalized conjugated polymer platform using 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) as the conducting backbone (SBEDOT). This SBEDOT monomer is highly water-soluble and can be directly polymerized to form a densely packed film/coating on conductive or semi-conductive surfaces through electro-polymerization in a 100% aqueous solution without the need for organic solvents or surfactants. These polySBEDOT (PSBEDOT) coated surfaces have been shown to have electro-switchable antimicrobial/antifouling properties and excellent electrically conducting properties, which minimize infection, increase biocompatibility, and improve the performance of bioelectronics.
摘要:
The present invention is directed to a versatile and high performance zwitterionic CP platform, which integrates all desired functions into one material. This zwitterionic CP consists of the conducting backbone and multifunctional zwitterionic side chains. Non-conducting zwitterionic materials gain electronic conductivity through the conducting backbone and CPs obtain excellent biocompatibility, sensitivity to environmental stimuli and controllable antifouling properties via multifunctional zwitterionic side chains. Unique properties from two distinct materials (conducting materials and zwitterionic materials) are integrated into one material without sacrificing any properties. This platform can potentially be adapted for a range of applications (e.g. bioelectronics, tissue engineering, wound healing, robotic prostheses, biofuel cell, etc.), which all require high performance conducting materials with excellent antifouling/biocompatibility at complex biointerfaces. This conducting material platform will significantly advance the development of conducting polymers in the field of biomedicine and biotechnology.
摘要:
Various embodiments of the present invention are directed to switchable carboxybetaine-based polymers, hydrogels, and/or elastomers, along with novel related monomers, crosslinkers, and methods. Under acidic conditions, the materials undergo self-cyclization and can catch and kill bacteria. Under neutral/basic conditions, these materials undergo ring-opening and can release killed bacterial cells and resist protein adsorption and bacterial attachment. These smart polymers, hydrogels and elastomers also show excellent mechanical properties making them highly desirable for many biomedical applications.
摘要:
Cationic polymers hydrolyzable to zwitterionic polymers, monomers for making the cationic polymers, surfaces that include the polymers, therapeutic agent delivery systems that include the cationic polymers, methods for administering a therapeutic agent using the delivery systems, and methods for making and using the cationic polymers, monomers, surfaces, and therapeutic agent delivery systems.
摘要:
A method for early kick detection in a drilling system with a drilling fluid loop, comprising: collecting flow-in rate and flow-out rate of a drilling fluid; calibrating the flow-out rate to obtain a calibrated flow-out rate of the drilling fluid; determining a flow rate difference between the flow-in rate and the calibrated flow-out rate of the drilling fluid; and identifying the kicks based on the flow rate difference. An apparatus (1) for early kick detection in a drilling system with a drilling fluid loop is also disclosed.
摘要:
A multi-view three-dimensional display system and method with an adaptive number of views are described. The system includes a position sensing unit for detecting a position of an observer, a view disposing unit for determining a number of views and a view arrangement based on the position, such that only a different one of the views is provided to a viewing zone for each eye of the observer, and a multi-view display unit for displaying the number of views in accordance with the view arrangement to enable viewing of a three-dimensional image by the observer.
摘要:
A dual-band and dual-polarized antenna (10) comprises a metal reflector (1), a first radiator array and a second radiator array coaxially aligned along an axis of the reflector. The first radiator array has a plurality of first dual-polarized radiators (3) for a lower frequency range aligned in front of the reflector. The second radiator array has a plurality of second dual-polarized radiators (2) for a higher frequency range aligned in front of the reflector. Each first radiator has a second radiator encased therein, and two adjacent first radiators have two second dual-polarized radiators inserted therebetween. The antenna of the present invention optimizes the performance of the first radiators for the lower frequency range and the second radiators for the higher frequency. Moreover, the antenna is satisfactorily meeting the antenna requirements of wide frequency range, small size, high gain, wide broadband, simple design, low cost and consistence etc.
摘要:
Video object segmentation is accomplished utilizing Locality-constrained Linear Coding (LLC) modeling and adaptive model learning. A video object isolator utilizes an LLC segmentor to segment a video object from a video based on the LLC modeling. Additionally, the video object isolator can use an LLC model learner to further adapt the model.
摘要:
A phase shifting device includes a housing (501, 502, 601, 701, 804), and at least one multipath phase-shifter assembly (601, 602, 801, 802, 901, 902) in the housing, which can obtain multipath outputs and high level of phase shift. The phase shifting device has a compact structure and better performance. The number of phase shifters is flexibly selected to meet the characteristic of broadband and multipath phase shift.