摘要:
An apparatus for separating water vapor from a water-vapor containing gas mixture is described. The apparatus may include a mixed ion conducting membrane having at least a portion of one surface exposed to the water-vapor containing gas mixture and at least a portion of a second surface, that is opposite the first surface, that is exposed to a second gas mixture with a lower partial pressure of water vapor. The membrane may include at least one non-porous, gas-impermeable, solid material that can simultaneously conduct oxygen ions and protons. At least some of the water vapor from the water-vapor containing gas mixture is selectively transported through the membrane to the second gas mixture.
摘要:
A method of making a solid electrolyte-YSZ product, where the method includes the step of providing a powdered mixture of zirconia, yttria and about 2%, by wt., or less of a metal oxide, where yttria-stabilized zirconia is not added to the mixture. The method also includes sintering the powdered mixture at about 1500°C or less, for about 5 hours or less, to form a reaction sintered YSZ. Also, a method of making a fuel cell electrolyte that includes the step of forming a green body that includes zirconia, yttria and about 2%, by wt., or less of a metal oxide, where yttria-stabilized zirconia is not added to the green body. The method also includes shaping the green body into a form of the electrolyte, and sintering the green body at about 1500°C or less to form a reaction sintered yttria-stabilized zirconia and metal oxide electrolyte.
摘要:
An apparatus for separating water vapor from a water-vapor containing gas mixture is described. The apparatus may include a mixed ion conducting membrane having at least a portion of one surface exposed to the water-vapor containing gas mixture and at least a portion of a second surface, that is opposite the first surface, that is exposed to a second gas mixture with a lower partial pressure of water vapor. The membrane may include at least one non-porous, gas-impermeable, solid material that can simultaneously conduct oxygen ions and protons. At least some of the water vapor from the water-vapor containing gas mixture is selectively transported through the membrane to the second gas mixture.
摘要:
An apparatus for separating water vapor from a water-vapor containing gas mixture is described. The apparatus may include a mixed ion conducting membrane having at least a portion of one surface exposed to the water-vapor containing gas mixture and at least a portion of a second surface, that is opposite the first surface, that is exposed to a second gas mixture with a lower partial pressure of water vapor. The membrane may include at least one non-porous, gas-impermeable, solid material that can simultaneously conduct oxygen ions and protons. At least some of the water vapor from the water-vapor containing gas mixture is selectively transported through the membrane to the second gas mixture.
摘要:
A process for converting a carbon containing fuel and water vapor into a reformate gas that includes hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, using water molecules that diffuse through a membrane by steam permeation reforming. The process includes providing a ceramic membrane comprising an oxide ceramic having intrinsic and extrinsic oxygen ion vacancies, and having first and second surfaces; where the oxide ceramic capable of reacting with gaseous water molecules at the first surface by the reversible reaction, H2O(g) + VOoo + OxO ? 2 OHoO; and the oxide ceramic capable of producing gaseous water molecules at the second surface by the reversible reaction, 2 OHoO ? H2O(g) + VOoo + OxO; contacting water vapor with the first surface; contacting the reformate gas with the second surface, whereby solid state ambipolar diffusion of oxygen ion vacancies and protons across the membrane occurs; and the ambipolar diffusion produces a net diffusion flux of water molecules through the membrane from the first surface to the second surface.
摘要翻译:使用通过蒸汽渗透重整扩散通过膜的水分子将含碳燃料和水蒸汽转化为包含氢气,一氧化碳和二氧化碳的重整气体的方法。 该方法包括提供包含具有固有和外在氧离子空位的氧化物陶瓷并具有第一和第二表面的陶瓷膜; 其中能够通过可逆反应在第一表面与气态水分子反应的氧化物陶瓷,H 2 O(g)+ VO 0 O + 2 OHOO; 以及能够通过可逆反应在第二表面产生气态水分子的氧化物陶瓷, H2O(g)+ VOoo + OxO; 使水蒸气与第一表面接触; 使重整气体与第二表面接触,由此产生氧离子空位和质子跨膜的固态双极扩散; 并且双极扩散产生水分子通过膜从第一表面到第二表面的净扩散通量。