Abstract:
The invention relates to an incineration plant having - a combustion chamber, - a combustion material inlet through which solid material can be introduced into the combustion chamber, - a combustion grate with which the solid material and combusted solid material can be conveyed through the combustion chamber, - a primary air supply below the top of the combustion grate, - at least one nozzle arranged above the combustion grate with which secondary air and/or an oxygen poor carrier gas can be provided, the nozzle having a gas inlet and a gas outlet.
Abstract:
To increase the service time of a flue gas purification device, comprising a heat exchanger and a subsequent raw gas duct, extending from said heat exchanger downwardly to a raw gas entrance at a lower part of a gas scrubber, the invention provides at least one retainer, arranged within the raw gas duct at or beneath a first outlet port of the heat exchanger and at a distance to the raw gas entrance of the gas scrubber, which retainer extends at least partially transverse to said raw gas flow direction and has a plurality of openings each of a size, allowing the raw gas to flow through the retainer and preventing solid particles of a size larger than one opening, such as desintegrated plates, hinges, bolts, screws etc., to pass said retainer.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a reactor for cleaning flue gases by a dry or quasi-dry sorption process, comprising a flue gas inlet ( 1 ) at the bottom of the reactor, an outlet (2) at the top of the reactor, a dry sorbent injection system (3) with at least one dry sorbent outlet (4) for injecting dry sorbent into the reactor, the at least one dry sorbent outlet (4) being arranged between the flue gas inlet ( 1 ) and the outlet (2).
Abstract:
A fluidized bed heat exchanger, which comprises at least one inlet opening (18), a heat exchange zone (40) and at least one outlet opening (48), arranged to each other in a way to allow a stream of solids, deriving from an associated combustor (C), to enter the heat exchanger (10) via said opening (18), to pass through said heat exchange zone (40) and to leave the heat exchanger (10) via said outlet opening (48), wherein the inlet opening (18) is arranged at an upper part of a runner (20), the runner (20) extends downwardly from an upper section of the heat exchanger towards a bottom-section (16r) of the heat exchanger (10) and ends close to said bottom-section (16r), thereby allowing a downwardly oriented flow of the solids through said runner (20), the runner (20) is open at its end close to said bottom-section (16r), thereby providing at least one passage (TR) for the solids to leave the runner (20) and to flow into at least one heat exchange zone (40), which is arranged adjacent to said runner (20) and provided with a fluidized bottom (16c), the outlet opening (48) is arranged at an upper part of the heat exchanger (10) and extends from the at least one heat exchange zone (40).
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a reactor for cleaning flue gases by injecting dry or quasi-dry sorbent into a flue gas stream, comprising - a flue gas inlet at the bottom of the reactor, - an outlet at the top of the reactor, - a dry sorbent injection system with at least one dry sorbent outlet for injecting dry sorbent into the reactor, the at least one dry sorbent outlet being arranged between the flue gas inlet and the outlet, and - at least one liquid injection system, the liquid injection system comprising at least one spray nozzle having at least one spray opening for supplying atomized liquid into the reactor between the flue gas inlet and the outlet.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method for operating a fluidized bed apparatus and to a fluidized bed apparatus, the method comprising the following steps: 1a) Providing particulate metal to a reaction chamber (2) of a fluidized bed reactor (1), 1b) Providing an oxidizing agent to a fluidizing bottom (8) of the fluidized bed reactor (l) such that particulate matter comprising the particulate metal is fluidized, wherein the particulate metal reacts with the oxidizing agent to particulate metal oxide, 1c) Withdrawing particulate metal oxide from the reaction chamber (2), 1d) Storing the withdrawn particulate metal oxide, 2a) Providing particulate metal oxide to the reaction chamber (2) of the fluidized bed reactor (1), 2b) Providing a reducing agent containing gas to the fluidizing bottom of the fluidized bed reactor (1) such that particulate matter comprising the particulate metal oxide is fluidized, wherein the particulate metal oxide reacts with the reducing agent to particulate metal, 2c) Withdrawing the particulate metal from the reaction chamber (2), 2d) Storing the withdrawn particulate metal.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a fluidized bed gas distribution nozzle with the following features in its functional position: a gas inlet pipe (10), having • an inner surface (10i), • an outer surface (10o), • a lower end section (101) adapted to receive gas from an associated gas source, • an upper end section (10u), • a plurality of openings (12) formed in the upper end section (10u), each opening (12) extending form the inner surface (10i) of the gas inlet pipe (10) to the outer surface (10ο) of the gas inlet pipe (10), a gas distribution cap (20) connected or connectable to the gas inlet pipe (10), having • an upper top (20u), • a lower bottom (201) arranged at a vertical distance below said upper top (20u) and surrounding the gas inlet pipe (10), • a peripheral wall (20w) having an inner surface (20 i) and an outer surface (20o) and extending between said upper top (20u) and said lower bottom (201), • outlets (22) within the peripheral wall (20w) extending from the inner surface (20i) of the peripheral wall (20w) to the outer surface (20o) of the peripheral wall (20w).
Abstract:
Scrubber tray for a wet scrubber tower ( 1 0) o f a flue gas purification device, comprising a multiplicity of spindles (32), arranged across an inner horizontal cross section of the wet scrubber tower ( 1 0), wherein adjacent spindles (32) are arranged at a horizontal distance (d) to each other, wherein at least some of the spindles (32) are pivot-mounted to allow a rotative movement of the respective spindle (32) around a corresponding spindle axis (A) and to arrange the respective spindle (32) at a predetermined rotation angle, at least some of the spindles (32) are equipped each with at least one protrusion (36), which extends outwardly from the respective spindle (32), the spindles (32) and the protrusions (36) are shaped and arranged to provide flow-through openings (34) between adjacent spindles (32) and protrusions (36) respectively, wherein each flow-through opening (34) defines a corresponding flow-through area, and the flow-through areas of all flow-through openings (34) add up to at least 1 0% and do not exceed 80% of the inner horizontal cross section of the associated scrubber tower ( 10), independently of the respective rotation angles of the spindles (32).
Abstract:
A fluidized bed heat exchanger, which comprises at least one inlet opening (18), a heat exchange zone (40) and at least one outlet opening (48), arranged to each other in a way to allow a stream of solids, deriving from an associated combustor (C), to enter the heat exchanger (10) via said opening (18), to pass through said heat exchange zone (40) and to leave the heat exchanger (10) via said outlet opening (48), wherein the inlet opening (18) is arranged at an upper part of a runner (20), the runner (20) extends downwardly from an upper section of the heat exchanger towards a bottom-section (16r) of the heat exchanger (10) and ends close to said bottom-section (16r), thereby allowing a downwardly oriented flow of the solids through said runner (20), the runner (20) is open at its end close to said bottom-section (16r), thereby providing at least one passage (TR) for the solids to leave the runner (20) and to flow into at least one heat exchange zone (40), which is arranged adjacent to said runner (20) and provided with a fluidized bottom (16c), the outlet opening (48) is arranged at an upper part of the heat exchanger (10) and extends from the at least one heat exchange zone (40).
Abstract:
The invention relates to a fluidized bed reactor, comprising a reaction chamber and a centrifugal separator having a common wall with the reaction chamber.