Abstract:
Beschrieben wird ein Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellungvon Adipodinitril durch Hydrocyanierung von 3-Pentennnitril, bei dem man a) 3-Pentennitril hydrocyaniert unter Erhalt eines Reaktionsaustrags, der Adipodinitril enthält, b) in einer Aufarbeitung 1 aus dem Reaktionsaustrag des Reaktors R1 in einer ersten Destillationsvorrichtung als Kopfprodukt ein Gemisch enthaltend cis-2-Methyl-2- butennitril und cis-2-Pentennitril abtrennt, c) das Gemisch enthaltend cis-2-Methyl-2-butennitril und cis-2-Pentennitril aus Schritt b) in einem Reaktor R2 in Gegenwart von Aluminiumoxid als Katalysator kontinuierlich zu einem 3-Pentennitril enthaltenden Produktgemisch isomerisiert, d)aus dem Reaktionsaustrag des Reaktors R2 in einer Aufarbeitung 2 in einer Destillationsvorrichtung cis-2-Methyl-2-butennitril als Kopfprodukt abtrennt und ausschleust.
Abstract:
Phosphorus-containing ligands are recovered from mixtures comprising 3-pentenenitrile (3PN) and adiponitrile (ADN), using liquid-liquid extraction. ADN is produced by hydrocyanation of 3PN. The ADN is hydrogenated to produce a hexamethyiene diamine (HMD) and at Ieast one byproduct including bis-hexamethylene triamine (BHMT) or 1,2-diaminocyclohexane. At Ieast a portion of the HMD product or byproduct is used to enhance the liquid-liquid extraction to recover phosphorus-containing ligand.
Abstract:
The invention provides a method of forming a phosphonate diester compound from a ligand hydrolysis product (LHP) of a phosphite ligand used in a nickel-phosphite hydrocyanation catalyst, such as for conversion of 3-pentenenitrile to adiponitrile, which serves to eliminate acidic LHP compound for a hydrocyanation reaction milieu where the acidic LHP can catalyze further catalyst ligand destruction. The invention further provides phosphonate disester compounds prepared by alkylation of diarylphosphite LHP in the presence of a nickel-phosphite catalyst comprising a bidentate ligand, and a continuous hydrocyanation process for production of adiponitrile wherein catalyst ligand breakdown is inhibited through inactivation of ligand hydrolysis products towards further breakdown. A method of stabilizing a hydrocyanation catalyst is provided.
Abstract:
The present invention is directed to a process for the manufacture of methyl limonitrile comprising a mixture of 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-nonadiene nitrile, 3,7-dimethyl-3,6-nonadiene nitrile and 7-methyl-3-methylene-6-nonene nitrile comprising the following steps: a) reacting 6-methyl-5-octen-2-one with cyano acetic acid and removing carbon dioxide and water, wherein the reaction and the removal of carbon dioxide and water are performed in the presence of a base and a co-base 1 in an organic solvent, and wherein the organic solvent is a solvent which forms a heteroazeotrop with water; b) removing the solvent and the base of the reaction mixture obtained after having performed step a) or step c) by distillation to obtain a reaction mixture, whereby this step may optionally be performed in the presence of a co-base 2; c) isomerizing the reaction mixture obtained after having performed step a) or step b) to obtain an isomerized reaction mixture in the presence of a co-base 2; whereby step b) can be performed before or after step c).
Abstract:
Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf die Herstellung von 3-Cyano-3,5,5- trimethylcyclohexanon (Isophoronnitril, kurz IPN) unter Verwendung eines Calciumalkoholates, im besonderen Calciumethanolat, als Katalysator.
Abstract:
Adiponitrile is made by reacting 3-pentenenitrile with hydrogen cyanide. The 3- pentenenitrile is made by reacting 1,3-butadiene with hydrogen cyanide. The catalyst for the reaction of 1,3-butadiene with hydrogen cyanide to make 3-pentenenitrile is recycled. At least a portion of the recycled catalyst is purified by an extraction process, which separates catalyst degradation products and reaction byproducts, such as mononitriles having 9 carbon atoms, from the catalyst.
Abstract:
Die Erfindung betrifft die Synthese von Tetraphenol-substituierten Strukturen, insbesondere von meta-substituierten Xylolen. Diese Tetraphenol-artigen Strukturen werden zu organischen Phosphorverbindungen, insbesondere Organophosphiten umgesetzt. Weiter ist Gegenstand der Erfindung die Herstellung von katalytisch wirksamen Zusammensetzungen, welche neben den zuvor genannten organischen Phoshorverbindungen Übergangsmetalle aufweisen. In einem weiteren Gegenstand der Erfindung werden diese katalytisch wirksamen Zusammensetzungen in chemischen Reaktionen mit kleinen Molekülen, wie z. B. HCN, CO, Wasserstoff und Aminen verwendet.
Abstract:
La présente invention concerne un procédé de fabrication de composés hydrocarbonés comprenant au moins une fonction nitrile. Elle concerne plus particulièrement un procédé de fabrication de composés nitriles par hydrocyanation de composés comprenant au moins une insaturation éthylénique. Selon l'invention, ce procédé comprend une étape de traitement par hydrodésazotation des sous-produits non valorisables comprenant au moins une fonction nitrile tels que le méthylglutaronitrile pour les transformer en ammoniac et composés hydrocarbonés valorisables.
Abstract:
The invention provides a process for hydrocyanation, comprising: contacting 2-pentenenitrile with hydrogen cyanide at a temperature in the range of about 0°C to about 150°C in the presence of at least one Lewis acid promoter and a catalyst precursor composition, wherein the catalyst precursor composition comprises a zero-valent nickel and at least one bidentate phosphite ligand selected from a member of the group represented by Formula (I) and Formula (II), in which all like reference characters have the same meaning, except as further explicitly limited: wherein R1 and R5 are independently selected from the group consisting of C1 to C5 hydrocarbyl; and R2, R3, R4, R6, R7 and R8 are independently selected from the group consisting of H and C1 to C4 hydrocarbyl.
Abstract:
The invention provides a hydrocyanation process for the production of adiponitrile and other dinitriles having six carbon atoms, the process comprising: a) forming a reaction mixture in the presence of at least one Lewis acid, said reaction mixture comprising ethylenically unsaturated nitrites having five carbon atoms, hydrogen cyanide, and a catalyst precursor composition, by continuously feeding ethylenically unsaturated nitrites, hydrogen cyanide, and a catalyst precursor composition; b) controlling X and Z, wherein X is the overall feed molar ratio of 2-pentenenitriles to all unsaturated nitrites and Z is the overall feed molar ratio of hydrogen cyanide to all unsaturated nitrites, by selecting a value for X in the range from about 0.001 to about 0.5, and a value for Z in the range from about 0.5/1 to about 0.99/1, such that the value of quotient Q, Formula (I), wherein Q is in the range from about 0.2 to about 10, wherein 3PN is 3- pentenenitriles and 4PN is 4-pentenenitrile; and c) withdrawing a reaction product mixture comprising adiponitrile; wherein the ratio of the concentration of 2-pentenenitriles to the concentration of 3-pentenenitriles in the reaction mixture is from about 0.2/1 to about 10/1; wherein the catalyst precursor composition comprises a zero-valent nickel and at least one multidentate phosphorus-containing ligand; wherein the multidentate phosphorus-containing ligand is selected from the group consisting of a phosphite, a phosphonite, a phosphinite, a phosphine, and a mixed phosphorus-containing ligand or a combination of such members; and wherein the multidentate phosphorus-containing ligand gives acceptable results according to at least one protocol of the 2- Pentenenitrile Hydrocyanation Test Method.