摘要:
Dioxygenases and methods of biologically upgrading hydrocarbon streams, such as crude oil, using dioxygenases are provided herein. The dioxygenases can be used to remove impurities such as metals, heteroatoms, or asphaltenes from a hydrocarbon stream. In some cases, the dioxygenases can be chemically or genetically modified and can be used in different locations such as petroleum wells, pipes, reservoirs, tanks and/or reactors.
摘要:
A method of treating a subterranean formation penetrated by a well comprises combining an aqueous base fluid, a viscoelastic surfactant gelling agent, two or more types of the following nanoparticles: an alkaline earth metal oxide; an alkaline earth metal hydroxide; a transition metal oxide; or a transition metal hydroxide to form a treatment fluid, and pumping the treatment fluid into the well, wherein the weight ratio of the two or more types of the nanoparticles is selected such that the treatment fluid has an improved fluid efficiency as compared to an otherwise identical reference fluid except for comprising only one type of the nanoparticles selected from an alkaline earth metal oxide; an alkaline earth metal hydroxide; a transition metal oxide; and a transition metal hydroxide.
摘要:
A chelating agent can be used to enhance secondary hydrocarbon-fluid recovery during waterflooding operations. A composition can include a fluid and a chelating agent. The chelating agent can increase the viscosity of the fluid, which can enhance the efficacy of the waterflooding operations. The chelating agent can also form complexes with divalent cations in precipitates and solids formed by the divalent cations. The complexes can keep the cations in a soluble form until the composition exits the production well, which can prevent precipitates from forming in the production well and blocking pore throats in the production well.
摘要:
Optimized enhanced oil recovery can include tuning of injection rates during a recovery operation. The injection rate of injection fluid pumped into a formation can be controlled to alternate between monotonically increasing and monotonically decreasing during the enhanced recovery operation. Injection rates can be monotonically increased to a maximum level (e.g., as defined by physical constraints of the system) and then monotonically decreased to a lower level, allowing the injection rates to be monotonically increased again. While injection rates are monotonically increasing, viscous fingering between the injection fluid and hydrocarbons can be minimized while the hydrocarbons in the formation are displaced. While injection rates are monotonically decreasing, creation of new viscous fingers can be minimized while the injection rates are decreased to levels suitable for the monotonic increasing phase of a subsequent monotonic cycle.
摘要:
A method includes modeling a fluid flow network, the fluid flow network having a surface pipeline network connected between a plurality of well perforation nodes and a common outlet or inlet. The method also includes generating a plurality of two-phase envelopes for the modeled fluid flow network, where each two-phase envelope has at least some interpolated values and corresponds to a section of the modeled fluid flow network with a constant flow composition. The method also includes determining phase equilibrium information for the modeled fluid flow network based on the generated two-phase envelopes. The method also includes applying the determined phase equilibrium information to production or simulation related to the fluid flow network.
摘要:
A method for utilizing multi-parameter fiber optic sensing cables in conjunction with a reservoir compaction and subsidence model of a multi- well hydrocarbon field to continuously update the reservoir model to optimize production efficiency while ensuring well integrity on a field level.
摘要:
A method of hydraulic fracturing of a hydrocarbon reservoir in a rock layer uses a method of providing a reservoir description. Firstly, a reservoir description is provided for the hydrocarbon reservoir. This reservoir description comprises a distribution of stresses within a rock layer affecting propagation of a hydraulic fracture. This reservoir description can be used to calculate a fracture plan to for hydraulic fracture of the hydrocarbon reservoir according to the distribution of stresses in the reservoir description to provide one or more predetermined fracture properties. Hydraulic fracturing of the hydrocarbon reservoir can then follow according to the fracture plan. A method of determining minimum horizontal stress in a rock region is also provided.
摘要:
This invention relates to foam-forming surfactant compositions having at least two surfactants whereof at least one is a sulfosuccinamate, and at least one is a sulfosuccinate, and optionally including, a solvent. Methods of recovering oil or gas by generating a foam, feeding the foam into a subterranean oil- or gas-bearing geological formation, and collecting mineral oil or natural gas driven by the foam in a production well, wherein the foam is generated by intimate mixing of one or more foam-forming surfactant compositions described herein with a gas in a foam generator, or by introduction of at least one of water and gases, together or intermittently or in alternating sequence, slugs of a gas which may be in a supercritical or non-supercritical state, and of water, wherein the foam-forming surfactant composition(s) can be admixed to the water or to the gas if the gas is in a supercritical state or be introduced separately as solution into the geological formation, are also provided.