Abstract:
The present invention relates to a digital display plotter for plotting images on a digital display device (18). A cursive imagery generator (12) generates cursive inputs at a plurality of respective update phases during a refresh period of the display device. A control for the display device activates selected pixels of the digital display device in response to respective said cursive inputs, activation being controlled subsequent to each update phase during a refresh period. An input store (14, 16) associates each cursive input with an update phase that the cursive input was generated during a refresh period. The control is responsive to the input store and configured to deactivate the selected pixels activated in response to each cursive input dependent on the associated update phase of each cursive input.
Abstract:
Disclosed are techniques for determining in a lattice a set of cells of the lattice that are intersected by a line endpoints. The techniques employ orders 1.. n of runs of lattice cells to make the determination and are usable with lines whose endpoints have coordinates that may be any real number. The techniques include an initialization that derives an error term with a real number value and a structural parameter with a real number value for order 1 using the values of the coordinates of the end points and then determines the error terms and structural parameters for each order i belonging to the orders 2.. n using the error term and structural parameter for order i - 1. When the first run of any orders 1.. n is truncated, the initialization also adds the cells belonging to the truncated run to the set. When the initialization is finished, the remaining cells belonging to the set are determined using full runs of order n . In either the initialization or the determination using full runs, the techniques terminate when a cell is added to the set that includes the x and y coordinates of the line's endpoints. Also included is a technique for determining whether the cell that includes the x and y coordinates of the start of the line is to be included in the set of cells prior to the initialization. When the cell is so included, the relationship between the x and y coordinates of the start of the line and the x and y coordinates of the lower left-hand corner of the cell are used together with the slope of the line to obtain an error term which is used to determine the location of the next cell belonging to the set. Disclosed applications of the technique include making pixel representations of lines and determining locations in a plane that is represented by a lattice that are intersected by particular lines.
Abstract translation:公开了用于在网格中确定由线端点相交的格子的一组单元格的技术。 这些技术使用格子单元的运行的命令1 .. n i进行确定,并且可以使用其端点具有可以是任何实数的坐标的线。 这些技术包括使用实数值导出误差项的初始化和使用终点的坐标值的1的实数值的结构参数,然后确定每个阶的误差项和结构参数< i> i i>属于订单2 .. i>使用错误项和结构参数,用于订单i i-1。当第一次运行任何订单1 .. n i>被截断,初始化还将属于截断的运行的单元格添加到集合中。 当初始化完成时,属于集合的剩余单元是使用i n的完整运行来确定的。 在初始化或使用全部运行的确定中,当将单元添加到包括线端点的 x i>和i y i>坐标的集合时,技术将终止。 还包括一种用于确定在初始化之前是否将包括行开始的 x i和y i坐标的单元包括在单元格集合中的技术 。 当单元格如此被包括时,线的开头和 x i和y i之间的 x i和y i坐标之间的关系 单元格左下角的坐标与线的斜率一起使用,以获得用于确定属于该组的下一个单元格的位置的错误项。 该技术的公开的应用包括进行线的像素表示和确定由与特定线相交的格子表示的平面中的位置。
Abstract:
Display apparatus, and methods for displaying images, e.g., text, on gray scale and color monitors (2400) are described. Gray scale displays implemented in accordance with the present invention include displays having a resolution in a first dimension, e.g. the horizontal dimension, which is several times the resolution in a second dimension, e.g., the vertical dimension. Various other displays (2400) of the present invention are capable of operating as both gray scale and color display devices. In one such display, the color filter used to implement a color portion of the display is omitted from another, e.g., gray scale portion of the same display. In such an embodiment, text, e.g., captions, are displayed using the gray scale portion of the display while color images, e.g., graphics, are displayed on the color portion of the display. In another display of the present invention, a color filter (2401) with filter cells (2410, 2411, 2412) that can be switched between a color and a clear mode of operation are employed. When images., e.g., text, are to be displayed as gray scale images, the filter cells (2410, 2411, 2412), corresponding to the portion of the display (2400) to be used to display the gray scale images, are switched to the clear mode of operation. In such an embodiment, the remaining portion or portions of the display (2400) may be used to display color images. Methods and apparatus for reducing and/or eliminating color distortions in images resulting from treating pixel subcomponents as independent luminous intensity sources are also described.
Abstract:
An original binary image is converted to a weighted multi-valued image by a pixel converter. The original binary image is converted in such a manner that its pixels are reversed and shifted upward by one dot by a shift-up/reverse circuit to form an upward shifted reverse image, they are reversed and shifted downward by one dot by a shift-down/reverse circuit to form a downward shifted reverse image, they are reversed and shifted to the right by one dot by a shift-right/reverse circuit to form a rightward shifted reverse image, and they are reversed and shifted to the left by one dot by a shift-left/reverse circuit to form a leftward shifted reverse image. A halftoning circuit processes the shifted reverse images by subtraction to synthesize a halftone image.
Abstract:
Line drawing techniques that employ runs or runs of runs of pixels to draw the line compute line structure information that they use to determine the sequence of runs in the line. This line structure information may be used in other ways to enhance the line drawing operation. One of the ways is to use the line structure information to compute the positions of a plurality of the runs and then draw the runs in parallel. Another way is to use the line structure information to determine properties of sets of cells that include not only cells of the run, but additional cells that are affected by the presence of the cells of the run. One example of such sets of cells is the cells of the run plus anti-aliasing cells. The line structure information can be used to determine the location and size of a set of cells and the intensities of the anti-aliasing cells. Another example of such sets of cells are cells that are written together in a single memory operation. The sets of cells may be drawn in parallel in the same fashion as the runs.
Abstract:
Disclosed are techniques for determining in a lattice a set of cells of the lattice that are intersected by a line endpoints. The techniques employ orders 1..n of runs of lattice cells to make the determination and are usable with lines whose endpoints have coordinates that may be any real number. The techniques include an initialization that derives an error term with a real number value and a structural parameter with a real number value for order 1 using the values of the coordinates of the end points and then determines the error terms and structural parameters for each order i belonging to the orders 2..n using the error term and structural parameter for order i - 1. When the first run of any orders 1..n is truncated, the initialization also adds the cells belonging to the truncated run to the set. When the initialization is finished, the remaining cells belonging to the set are determined using full runs of order n. In either the initialization or the determination using full runs, the techniques terminate when a cell is added to the set that includes the x and y coordinates of the line's endpoints. Also included is a technique for determining whether the cell that includes the x and y coordinates of the start of the line is to be included in the set of cells prior to the initialization. When the cell is so included, the relationship between the x and y coordinates of the start of the line and the x and y coordinates of the lower left-hand corner of the cell are used together with the slope of the line to obtain an error term which is used to determine the location of the next cell belonging to the set. Disclosed applications of the technique include making pixel representations of lines and determining locations in a plane that is represented by a lattice that are intersected by particular lines.
Abstract:
An interpolation system for an image between respective lines forming the image, characterized by comprising virtual interpolation data generating means (100, 120) for preparing virtual interpolation data between input image lines based on input image line data, and interpolating means (130, 140) for interpolating an image between input image lines based on the generated virtual interpolation data.
Abstract:
Memory technologies for storing include RAMS and CCDs. Adaptive memory capability and memory servo capability improve memory characteristics. In a RAM embodiment, a detector (220B, 220A) is used to detect a memory address condition (217) and to control the memory (222) and the memory address register (218) in response thereto. In a CCD embodiment, a detector (220A, 220B) is used to detect a memory reference signal (217) and to refresh the memory signals (221A, 221B, 221) in response thereto. Improved memory refresh, memory performance, and memory capacity enhance system characteristics. Improved memory architecture provides advantages of increased speed, lower cost, and efficiency of implementation. Information stored in memory can be scanned out at a rate greater than the addressing rate associated with the memories. This permits higher speed operation with lower cost memories. Use of an output buffer, such as a FIFO, permits normalization of memory clock rates.