Abstract:
Plant (2) for the production of slabs made of composite stone material from a mix (M) containing granules of stone or ceramic or glass material and a binder, comprising at least one temporary support or mould (S), a distributor for the mix (M) designed to distribute a layer of mix (M) on the temporary support or mould (S), a station (4) for performing compaction by means of vacuum vibro-compression of the mix (M) arranged on the temporary support or mould (S) and a station for hardening the mix (M) so as to form the finished slabs. The plant (2) comprises a device (1) positioned downstream of the distributor and upstream of the compaction station (4) and comprising means (16) which act on the top surface of the mix (M) for pre-compaction and levelling of the mix (M) arranged on the temporary support or mould (S). The invention also relates to a method for the production of slabs of composite stone material from a mix (M).
Abstract:
A method for realising ceramic slabs or tiles, comprising the following steps: laying a soft layer (SL) of granular or powder ceramic material on a support plane (P); pressing the soft layer (SL) in order to obtain a compacted layer (CL); firing the compacted layer (CL); prior to the pressing, applying an identification mark (M) onto the soft layer (SL), the identification mark (M) having an optical contrast with respect to the soft layer (SL), so as to enable an optical detection of the mark (M); subsequently to the pressing, acquiring an image of the mark (M); processing the image of the mark (M) detected so as to control one or more operating steps subsequent to the pressing.
Abstract:
A distributor device (1) for distributing a mix (L) in one or more forming supports (S) for manufacturing articles made of composite stone material. The device (1) comprises mix supply means (10) designed to transport the mix (L) along a longitudinal feeding direction (X) towards the forming supports (S). The distribution device (1) further comprises mix lamination means (16) located between the supply means (10) and the supports (S). The invention also relates to a method and a plant for manufacturing articles made of composite stone material which use the aforementioned distributor device (1).
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for the mass decoration of ceramic products, comprising the following steps: spreading, superposed on one another, a layer (L) of granular or powder material and a decorative layer (3) on a support surface (2); transferring the layer (L) from the support surface (2) to an accumulation belt (T1), contiguous and aligned to the support surface (2), which is located at a lower height than the support surface (2), wherein the accumulation belt (T1) is mobile in advancement at a speed that is different from the advancement speed of the support surface (2), so that a variation in the thickness and longitudinal extension of the layer (L) is produced; pressing the layer (L) and the decorative layer (3).
Abstract:
A method for manufacturing ceramic articles (2) is described comprising a step of feeding, during which at least two different ceramic powders are fed so as to obtain a strip (6) of ceramic powders having at least a first zone (7) and at least a second zone (8) having a given shape; a step of compacting, during which the strip (6) of ceramic powders is compacted so as to obtain a compacted layer (11) of ceramic powders, which is expanded relative to the strip (6) of ceramic powders; a step of determination, during which expansion of the layer (11) of powders is determined; and a step of printing, during which a decoration having a modified shape based on the given expansion is applied on the surface of the compacted layer (11) of ceramic powders.
Abstract:
A plant for manufacturing ceramic articles (T) comprising two feeding devices (10, 11), each of which is designed to contain a powder material (CA, CB) of a respective type and to feed said powder material to a conveyor assembly (5); the plant (1) further comprises an operating device (18) which is designed to enable the output of the powder material (CA, CB) selectively in the area (16, 17) of the feeding devices (10, 11) arranged successively and transversely to the feeding direction (A), and a control unit (20) which controls the operating device (18) depending on a desired reference distribution (21) and how far the conveyor assembly (5) feeds the power material (CP).
Abstract:
A device (100) for compacting a layer (MT) of powder material; the device (100) comprises a movable surface (12), which is designed to convey the layer (MT) of powder material in a predefined feeding direction (F); a compacting belt (22) positioned over the transport surface (12); a pressing station (40, 45, 50, 55), which is designed to press the compacting belt (22) towards the transport surface (12), so as to press the layer (MT) of powder material; and an expansion countering station (80), which is designed to counter the expansion of the layer (MT) of powder material downstream of the pressing station (40, 45, 50, 55) and comprises a pusher delivering a gas under pressure to create a pushing gas cushion (STR; STR*) on the compacting belt (22).
Abstract:
An apparatus for forming ceramic sheets comprising: a conveyor belt (2) having a rigid abutting deck (11) below an upper branch (2') thereof and adjacent to it; means (5) for feeding ceramic powder material (6a) so as to release a layer of ceramic powder material (6) onto said upper branch (2'); a first pressing roller (10) with a horizontal axis (10a) perpendicular to the direction of extension (X) of the conveyor belt (2) and which is disposed above said conveyor belt (2); driving means (27) for the first pressing roller (10) which determine the rotation thereof around its axis (10a); at least a second pressing roller (20) with a horizontal axis (20a) perpendicular to the direction of extension (X) of the conveyor belt (2) and which is disposed below said rigid abutting deck (11) and is designed to actively interact, in an opposite and contrary direction, with said first pressing roller (10) in order to compress said layer of ceramic powder material (6); support and moving means (13) for the first pressing roller (10) which are directly connected to and operatively interact with said at least second pressing roller (20) so as to move said first pressing roller (10) vertically and exert a vertical pressing force from above and simultaneously a vertical reaction from below on said abutting deck (11) and on said layer of ceramic powder material (6).
Abstract:
A device (100) for compacting a layer (M) of powder material, comprising a slidable transport surface (106) adapted to support and advance the layer (M) of powder material along a predefined direction of advancement (A), a slidable compacting surface (127) flexible and superimposed to the transport surface (106) and substantially slidable in the same direction of advancement (A), pressing means (130, 135) adapted to press said compacting surface (127) towards the transport surface (106) so as to press the layer (M) of powder material interposed therebetween, and means (170, 180, 185) for contrasting the expansion of the layer (M) of powder material downstream of the pressing means (130, 135), which are configured for pressing the compacting surface (127) towards the transport surface (106) with a differentiated pressure in the transverse direction with respect to the direction of advancement (A), said means (170, 180, 185) for contrasting the expansion being independent from the compacting surface.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a method and calender device for calendering an absorbent layer formed from fiber material by means of a dry-forming technique. The calender device (1) comprises at least two opposing calender rolls (6a and 6b), forming a nip (7) into which the dry-formed material web (3) can be fed, and one endless transfer wire (8) on one side of the dry-formed material web (3). The endless transfer wire (8) includes felt material. One of the calender rolls is an embossed calender roll (6a), and the material web (3) can be calendered against the endless transfer wire (8) by means of the embossed calender roll (6a) so that an embossed pattern corresponding to the patterning of the embossed calender roll (6a) is formed on the material web (3).