Abstract:
Die Erfindung umfasst ein Verfahren zum Brennen von Material, wie Karbonatgesteinen, in einem Ofen mit einem oder zwei Schächten, wobei das Material durch einen Materialeinlass (3) in eine Vorwärmzone (21) zum Vorwärmen des Materials, eine Brennzone (20) zum Brennen des Materials und eine Kühlzone (22) zum Kühlen des Materials zu einem Materialauslass (40) strömt, wobei ein Kühlgas in die Kühlzone eingelassen wird, wobei Abgas über einen innerhalb oder oberhalb der Vorwärmzone (21) angeordneten Abgasauslass (6) aus einem Schacht (2) des Ofens ausgelassen wird und wobei das über den Abgasauslass (6) aus dem Schacht (2) ausgelassene Abgas zumindest teilweise in zumindest einen Schacht (2) des Ofens eingeleitet wird, wobei das Abgas in einer Kühleinrichtung (32) gekühlt und anschließend in einer Erwärmungseinrichtung (47) auf eine Temperatur von maximal 200°C, insbesondere 50°C bis 160°C, vorzugsweise 70°C bis 120°C erwärmt wird. Die Erfindung umfasst auch einen Ofen (1) zum Brennen und Kühlen von Material, wie Karbonatgesteinen, mit einem oder zwei Schächten (2).
Abstract:
Burner (100) for producing a flame in a combustion chamber (200) of an annular vertical shaft kiln (300) comprising: a. a first innermost sleeve (101) having a bore (104) and a distal extremity (112) directed through the inside of the said combustion chamber (200), said first innermost sleeve (101) providing a bluff body to create a bluff body effect on the flame, b. a second sleeve (103) surrounding said first innermost sleeve (101) and forming a first annular channel (105) with the said first innermost sleeve (101), the said first annular channel (105) being provided for an annular injection of a combustible, preferably a solid powdered combustible carried by a carrier fluid.
Abstract:
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Schachtofen (10) zum Brennen von insbesondere karbonathaltigem Material aufweisend in Strömungsrichtung des Materials eine Vorwärmzone (18), mindestens eine Brennzone (20), eine Kühlzone (22), und einen Materialauslass (26) zum Auslassen des Materials aus dem Schachtofen (10), eine Mehrzahl von Brennerlanzen (32, 34; 54), die in die Brennzone (20) hineinragen, wobei zumindest eine Brennerlanze (32) eine erste Einstecktiefen in die Brennzone (20) und zumindest eine weitere Brennerlanze (34) eine zweite Einstecktiefe in die Brennzone (20) aufweist, die größer ist als die erste Einstecktiefe, zumindest eine Primärluftleitung (36, 38) zum Leiten von Verbrennungsluft, die mit zumindest einer Brennerlanze (32, 34; 54) in Verbindung steht, wobei der Schachtofen (10) eine Sauerstoffleitung (52) zum Leiten von Sauerstoff in die Brennzone (20) aufweist und die Sauerstoffleitung (52) derart angeordnet ist, dass Sauerstoff von der Sauerstoffleitung (52) zu zumindest einer Brennerlanze (34) der zweiten Einstecktiefe strömt.
Abstract:
This invention relates to a heating apparatus and to a gas distributor for use in the heating apparatus. More particularly but not exclusively, the invention relates to a pre-heater for heating material prior to being conveyed to a smelting process, and to a heating gas distributor used in such heating apparatus. The heating gas distributor comprises an enclosure having a gas inlet arrangement and a gas outlet arrangement. The enclosure includes an operatively upper zone and an operatively lower zone, with the gas outlet arrangement provided in the operatively lower zone. The operatively lower zone is of a downwardly tapering configuration.
Abstract:
A furnace system includes at least one lower radiant section having a first firebox disposed therein and at least one upper radiant section disposed above the at least one lower radiant section. The at least one upper radiant section has a second firebox disposed therein. The furnace system further includes at least one convection section disposed above the at least one upper radiant section and an exhaust corridor defined by the first firebox, the second firebox, and the at least one convection section. Arrangement of the at least one upper radiant section above the at least one lower radiant section reduces an area required for construction of the furnace system.
Abstract:
A method of starting a smelting process in a smelting vessel includes heating frozen slag and forming molten slag and draining molten slag from a forehearth connection via a forehearth and establishing a clear flow path through the forehearth connection and thereafter hot starting the smelting process.
Abstract:
A hydraulic distributor for safely and efficiently top charging a bell-less blast furnace. The hydraulic distributor includes a main housing, an inner ring, a trunnion, and an actuator ring, which act together to lift and rotate the distributor chute. Hydraulic tilt cylinders operatively coupled to the inner ring act to lift the distributor chute to change tilt. Rotational Drives operatively coupled to the trunnion act to rotate the distributor chute. The hydraulic distributor provides improved repeatability and precision control of the distributor chute, and hence the placement of burden materials within the blast furnace resulting in improved productivity and operation of the furnace. The hydraulic distributor provides a less complex design and construction resulting in reduced costs for manufacturing and maintenance.
Abstract:
A reactor for the upgrade of heavy oil feedstock, i.e., in which a multi-phase mixture, including gas, a slurry catalyst, and volatile liquid, is to be conducted. The reactor includes a reaction chamber having a substantially unencumbered center portion through which the multi-phase mixture is conducted upwardly. In one embodiment, the downcomer includes a transport section having an interior comprised of inner and outer regions separated horizontally by a vertical barrier, and a baffle structure disposed on an inner surface of the barrier. In another embodiment, the reactor comprises a downcomer having an upper degassing section which includes a frusto-conical upper surface. The multi-phase mixture is caused to flow along the surface in a downward helical path, such that heavier components are centrifugally urged outwardly, and lighter components, e.g., gas, migrate inwardly. In one embodiment, the reactor comprises a distributor device disposed within for distributing the multi-phase mixture therein. The distributor device includes a first pipe adapted for conducting a gas phase, and including first discharge ports, a second pipe adapted for conducting a slurry or a liquid phase, and including second discharge ports, and a plurality of nozzles.
Abstract:
A method known per se, for operation of a smelting oven comprises charging a smelting zone with feedstuffs, fuel, a first oxidising agent and a second oxidising agent, whereby at least the second oxidising agent is injected into the smelting zone at supersonic speed. The aim of the invention is to describe a method, by means of which the smelting process in a smelting furnace, in particular a shaft furnace with at least one injector for supersonic injection of an oxidising agent, may be flexibly adjusted to meet demand. The aim of the invention is achieved, whereby the injection of the second oxidising agent, during at least one part of the process, is injected in a pulsed manner, with a temporally repeating series of an injection phase and a rest phase.