The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle-mounted air conditioners, and discloses a combined type vehicle-mounted air conditioning system based on the phase change energy storage technology. The combined type vehicle-mounted air conditioning system comprises a first branch and a second branch which are arranged between a gas introduction pipeline and a draught fan inlet in parallel. The gas introduction pipeline is used for introducing circulating air and/or fresh air, and a draught fan is used for supplying gas into a compartment so as to achieve refrigeration or heating in the compartment. A phase change energy storage device is arranged on the first branch, and an air conditioning device is arranged on the second branch. The phase change energy storage device and the air conditioning device are arranged in parallel, the gas is subjected to heat exchange with the phase change energy storage device and the air conditioning device, the gas is directly supplied into the compartment after being subjected to heat exchange, the phase change energy storage device and the air conditioning device do not influence each other, it is guaranteed that the temperature of the gas treated through the phase change energy storage device and the air conditioning device is stable, and the refrigeration or heating effect in the compartment is stable.