The invention relates to a solid rocket erecting system and an erecting method. The erecting system comprises a constant-displacement pump, a shut-off valve, a reversing valve, a mechanical-hydraulicthrottling valve and an erecting hydraulic cylinder, wherein the mechanical-hydraulic throttling valve is provided with a bypass throttling port and an induction rod; the constant-displacement pump issequentially connected with the shut-off valve and an oil inlet P of the reversing valve through a first pipeline; a working oil port A of the reversing valve is connected with a front cavity of theerecting hydraulic cylinder through a second pipeline, a working oil port B of the reversing valve is sequentially connected with the mechanical-hydraulic throttling valve and a back cavity of the erecting hydraulic cylinder through a third pipeline, and an oil return port T of the reversing valve is connected with an oil tank through a fourth pipeline; and a piston rod of the erecting hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the front half part of a rocket launching tube, and the induction rod of the mechanical-hydraulic throttling valve is connected with a cam mechanism which is arranged at the hingejoint position of the rear half part of the rocket launching tube. The erecting system has the advantages of being simple in structure, easy to control, safe, reliable and high in erecting speed. Theerecting method has the advantages of being reasonable in logic, easy to control, high in efficiency, high in reliability and high in safety.