摘要:
An optical motion encoder for translation of movement information into a digital output. The optical encoder includes an optical member having a parabolic reflecting surface and a planar surface with a code pattern printed thereon. The light rays received by the parabolic reflecting surface from a light source positioned on the axis of symmetry of the parabolic reflecting surface are reflected as parallel light rays through the planar surface to be modulated by the code pattern and detected by a light detector. In this way, both, the collimator and the code wheel or code strip of prior art optical encoders are represented by a single optical member.
摘要:
The device, which has a modular structure, makes use of Bragg gratings (2, 21, 22) for selecting, from a wavelength division multiplexed stream, a carrier to be inserted or extracted, and optical circulators (1; 11, 12; 3) for receiving the stream, for extracting and inserting the carriers and for sending the multiplexed stream to the output after the extraction and insertion of the carriers. The grating and the receiving-extracting circulator are located in a structural module (M; M1, M2; M'; M1', M2') which is replicated for all the channels to be extracted and inserted. Each module also has points accessible from the exterior (4B', 5B'; 41B', 51B', 42B', 52B'; 401A', 401D', 402A', 402D', 100A, 200A, 101A, 102A) for the connection of a plurality of modules in series, to establish the following for the multiplexed stream: A) a direct path between one input of the module and one input of the receiving and extracting circulator (1, 11, 12) of the module to which it belongs, if this is the only module or is the last of a plurality of modules; B) a second path which passes through the receiving or extracting circulator (12) and the selection means (22) of the subsequent modules, where there is a plurality of modules, and for all the modules except the last.
摘要:
An apparatus for the measurement of object height and volume using a combination of optical means and image processing techniques, consists of multiple imaging paths (3,7,9,12) with different object distance viewing to the same field of view of the object. Image processing techniques are used to determine the degree-of-focus of features of the images (40-43) captured from the different imaging paths. The height of the features of the object are determined by the difference in the degree-of-focus on different images. The object volume is calculated from the size of its features.
摘要:
A modular multi-configuration upgradeable printed circuit board (160) testing system comprises a modular primary frame mounted on a testing assembly which is configurable to allow entry and exit of at least one printed circuit board along at least one of a plurality of different directional planes.
摘要:
An improved optical switch (10) includes a movable optical switching element (15) configured to selectively direct optical signals (13) traveling in an optical input path (11) to one of at least two optical output paths (12, 16). The movable optical switching element (15, 35) may include waveguide portions (18) and/or mirrors (58) to direct the optical signals. In an alternative embodiment, the moveable optical switching element (75) may include waveguide grating couplers (128) to allow the selective reflection of a particular wavelength of light from an optical waveguide (121) carrying a number of such of optical wavelengths (123).
摘要:
Blocks of input data that include control words and a packet of information words are received (203; 252). The packet has a start preceded by ones of the control words and an end followed by others of the control words. The blocks are smaller than the packet. A determination of whether the block consists exclusively of information words is made (204; 253). When the block consists exclusively of information words, a master transition having a first sense is appended (207; 270) to the block to form a frame. When the block does not consist exclusively of information words, the block is condensed (e.g., 227; e.g., 260) to accommodate a TYPE word, the TYPE word is generated (e.g., 224; 266) and inserted (228; 271) into the block and a master transition is appended (213; 273) to the block to form the frame. The TYPE word has a value that indicates one of the following structural properties of the block: (a) the position of the start of the packet in the block, (b) the position of the end of the packet in the block, and (c) the block being composed exclusively of control words. The master transition appended to the block when the block does not consist exclusively of information words has a second sense, opposite to the first sense.
摘要:
An ionization source has a chamber for ionizing a fluid sample, the chamber having surfaces to reduce the overall interaction with reactive samples. The inner surface walls of the ionization chamber may be formed from an inorganic conductive nitride or disulfide material or may be applied to a substrate as a coating. A method for reducing the interaction of a reactive analyte with an ion source comprises coating the source with an inert conductive material.
摘要:
Known optical notch filter devices employing Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) do not completely filter out light of a predetermined wavelength from light from an optical source, because the light of the predetermined wavelength has a combination of polarisation states, namely the p-polarised and s-polarised states. In known device arrangements, if the light of the predetermined wavelength is to be completely filtered out of the light from the optical source, a secondary optical notch filter device has to be provided. The present invention overcomes these disadvantages and achieves complete filtration of light of the predetermined wavelength from the light from the optical source by providing a polarisation modifying element (22) to rotate the state of polarisation of s-polarised light into p-polarised light that can be filtered by a single optical notch filter device (2) employing SPR.
摘要:
A dummy module (11 ) is inserted into an open slot (2) in a modular rack (1 ) to provide a cover for that slot (2). The dummy module (11 ) is formed of the same housing (12) as an operational module and contains a similar pcb (8) as an operational module, except that the pcb will not have all the electrical and electronic components mounted thereon that an operational module would have. The pcb (8) may be completely bare of all components and have no electrical tracks thereon, or it may be provided with some limited functionality. For example, the pcb (8) may have a memory device, such as an Electrically Erasable Programmable Read only Memory (EEPROM) (14), mounted thereon, with at least an electrical track leading thereto from the connector block (6) to enable a rack controller to interrogate the EEPROM (14). Thus, the rack controller would receive a positive identification from the EEPROM (14) that the particular slot is empty, rather than simply trying to interrogate the slot and receiving no answer whatsoever.