摘要:
Condensable metal halide materials, such as but not limited to tungsten chloride (WCl 6 ), can be used deposit films metal or metal containing films in a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or atomic layer deposition process. Described herein are high purity compositions comprising condensable materials and methods to purify condensable materials. In one aspect, there is provided a composition comprising: tungsten hexachloride which is substantially free of at least one impurity and wherein the tungsten hexachloride comprises at least 90%, preferably 95 % and more preferably 99 % by weight or greater of a β- WCl 6 and 5% by weight or less of the α- WCl 6 as measured by X-ray diffraction.
摘要:
Process for reclaiming useful products from a waste oil, comprising a thermal separation step performed in a vessel at conditions, of temperature and pressure, allowing to substantially avoid cracking of the waste oil and to assure the separation of said heated waste oil into a first heavy oil fraction and into a second light oil fraction having, in comparison with the waste oil, a low content in solids and/or in other contaminants that are different from water and from inert gas. The process is further characterized in that while, during the thermal separation treatment, the waste oil is heated to a temperature about the boiling temperature of the heavy oil fraction, and below the cracking temperature of the waste oil, and at a pressure that is preferably below the atmospheric pressure, the heavy oil fraction of the vapours existing the vessel, in contact with a cooler surface, condenses and falls back into the vessel, while the second fraction, in a gaseous state, is eventually submitted to at least one further separation treatment. When water is present in the waste oil, said water is used to improve the amount of recovered light oils; and/or when no water is present in the waste oil, water or at least one inert gas or at least one component that may become an inert gas by heating may be added to the waste oil or to the thermal separation unit. Uses of the process for environmental applications and for treating used oils and to prepare oil products. Systems for reclaiming useful products from waste oils comprising at least one rotating kiln and at least one self-refluxing condenser and/or at least one dephlegmator.
摘要:
The present invention provides an alkali metal salt of fluorosulfonyl imide having favorable heat resistance and a reduced content of specific impurities and a water content, and provides a method for producing an alkali metal salt of fluorosulfonyl imide, which is capable of easily removing a solvent from a reaction solution. An alkali metal salt of fluorosulfonyl imide of the present invention is represented by the following general formula (I) and has a mass loss rate of 2% or less when the alkali metal salt of fuluorosulufonyl imide is kept at 100°C for 8 hours under an air current. A method for producing an alkali metal salt of fluorosulfonyl imide of the present invention comprises a step of concentrating a solution of the alkali metal salt of fulorosulfonyl imide by bubbling a gas into a reaction solution containing the alkali metal salt of fulorosulfonyl imide, and/or concentrating a solution of the alkali metal salt of fulorosulfonyl imide by thin layer distillation.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for producing high-purity liquids by means of distillation, particularly liquid chemicals, said method having the following steps: supplying a liquid to be purified (1) from a reservoir (41) to a sample container (3) arranged in a sample chamber (4); heating and evaporating the uppermost layers of the liquid to be purified (1); condensing the sample vapour (18) obtained from the liquid to the purified (1) in a condensation device (70) outside the sample chamber (4); and collecting the distillate (76) in a collection container (77) which is connected to the reservoir (41) by means of a return conduit (80) for the non-condensed sample vapour (18), and which forms a chamber, sealed off from the surroundings, between the chamber above the surface (14) of the liquid to be purified (1) in the sample chamber (4), and the reservoir (41).
摘要:
The present invention provides an alkali metal salt of fluorosulfonyl imide having favorable heat resistance and a reduced content of specific impurities and a water content, and provides a method for producing an alkali metal salt of fluorosulfonyl imide, which is capable of easily removing a solvent from a reaction solution. An alkali metal salt of fluorosulfonyl imide of the present invention is represented by the following general formula (I) and has a mass loss rate of 2% or less when the alkali metal salt of fuluorosulufonyl imide is kept at 100°C for 8 hours under an air current. A method for producing an alkali metal salt of fluorosulfonyl imide of the present invention comprises a step of concentrating a solution of the alkali metal salt of fulorosulfonyl imide by bubbling a gas into a reaction solution containing the alkali metal salt of fulorosulfonyl imide, and/or concentrating a solution of the alkali metal salt of fulorosulfonyl imide by thin layer distillation.
摘要:
A process for continuously stripping polymer dispersions with volatile substances comprising: providing a polymer dispersion (10) and steam (20) wherein the dispersion comprises aqueous emulsion polymer and volatile organic compounds; feeding the polymer dispersion (10) and steam (20) into a stripper (30); removing at least a portion of the volatile organic compounds from the dispersion (10); transferring the portion of the volatile organic compounds to the steam (20); and separating the steam from the aqueous emulsion polymer in a separator vessel (40) wherein the stripper (30) has a ratio of surface area to volume of at least 10:1 1/m; and is comprised of one or more heat exchangers in parallel or series wherein the heat exchanger is a shell and tube or spiral heat exchanger.
摘要:
The present invention in a first aspect provides a method and a system for stripping volatile compounds such as ammonia from e.g. fermentation liquids. Part of the ammonia is stripped form the liquid in a stripper system comprising a shunt through which liquid such as e.g. fermentation medium comprising a biomass can be diverted in the form of a side stream in liquid contact with a main fermentor(s). The stripper system is connected to an evaporator. In the evaporator aqueous liquid is heated at a pressure below atmospheric pressure whereby vapour is developed at a temperature below 100°C. The vapour from the evaporator is directed to the liquid medium comprising ammonia and this results in ammonia being stripped from the liquid and transferred to the vapour phase. The vapour phase is condensed in first condenser at a low pressure, e.g. a pressure well below 1 bar, and the liquid thus obtained is further treated in a stripper unit at a higher pressure, such as e.g. a pressure at or above 1 bar, to obtain a more concentrated solution of ammonia. When stripped for at least part of the ammonia the liquid initially obtained from the biogas reactor and diverted to the shunt can be returned to the reactor.
摘要:
A carburetor usable for long period without causing a clogging and capable of stably feeding raw material to a reaction part, comprising a diffusion part (8) having a gas passage (2) formed inside a diffusion part body (1), a gas inlet (4) for leading pressurized carrier gas (3) into the gas passage (2), a means (6) for feeding raw material solution (5) into the carrier gas passing through the gas passage (2), a gas outlet (7) for feeding the carrier gas including the diffused raw material solution (5) to a vaporization part (22), and a means (18) for cooling the carrier gas flowing through the inside of the gas passage (2), and a radiation prevention part (102) having a vaporization tube (20) connected to the reaction part of a device and the gas outlet (7) of the diffusion part (8), a heater (21) for heating the vaporization tube (20), a vaporization part (22) for heating and vaporizing the carrier gas having raw material solution distributed therein, and a small hole (101) provided on the outside of the gas outlet (7).