Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method for producing ionic liquids [A]+n[Y]n- by reacting ionic liquids, the anion of which is a halogenide [A]+[X]-, with an acid H+n[Y]n-, wherein the formed hydrohalic acid is collected with an amine and the thus formed ammonium halide can be separated.
Abstract:
The present invention is related to the use of specific derivatives of diphosphines as flame retardants in aromatic and heteroaromatic epoxy resins and to a method for reducing the flammability of organic material comprising aromatic and/or heteroaromatic epoxy resins in which the specific derivates of diphosphines are incorporated. More-over, the invention is related to an aromatic and/or heteroaromatic epoxy resin composition containing aromatic and heteroaromatic epoxy resin as such or in processed form and incorporated in the aromatic and/or heteroaromatic epoxy resin at least one of the derivatives of diphosphines in an amount of from 1 to 35% by weight, based on the weight of the aromatic and/or heteroaromatic epoxy resin.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for the distillation of ionic liquids. According to said method, in one step the pressure is set to a value below the ambient pressure and in a subsequent step, the ionic liquid is heated to a temperature ranging between 60 °C and 350 °C. The method is used in particular for purifying ionic liquids.
Abstract:
The invention relates to the use of 1, 3 substituted imidazolium salts of the formula (I), R1 and R3 independently representing an organic group having 1 to 20 C atoms, R2, R4, and R5 independently representing a H atom or an organic group having 1 to 20 C atoms, R4 and R5 also together being able to form an aliphatic or aromatic ring, and X representing a thiocyanate anion as a latent catalyst for curing compositions comprising epoxy compounds.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for the production of an ionic compound, comprising at least one cation with a quaternary sp2-hybridised nitrogen atom, whereby a compound with a double-bonded nitrogen atom is reacted with a dialkyl sulphate, using both alkyl groups of the dialkyl sulphate and the ionic compound thus obtained with sulphate anions is optionally subjected to an ion-exchange.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing tertiary phosphines by reacting a compound of general formula (I) with (a) an alkali metal in an organic aprotic solvent and (b) a compound of general formula (II). In formula (I), A represents R 1 or L 2 , B represents R 2 or L 3 , where the groups R 1 and R 2 independently of one another stand for an organic group with respectively between 1 and 30 carbon atoms and said groups R 1 and R 2 can also be bonded together. The leaving groups L 1 to L 3 independently of one another represent halogen, alkyloxy with between 1 and 10 carbon atoms or aryloxy with between 6 and 10 carbon atoms. In formula (II), the group R 3 represents an organic group with respectively between 1 and 30 carbon atoms and the leaving group L 4 represents halogen, alkyloxy with between 1 and 10 carbon atoms or aryloxy with between 6 and 10 carbon atoms. The reaction mixture that is obtained is hydrolysed using an aqueous base with a pH value of > 10 and the organic phase is then separated from the aqueous phase.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for the extraction of phenols, alcohols, amines, phosphines, hydroxylamines, hydrazines, oximes, imines, water, carboxylic acids, amino acids, hydroxamic acids, sulphinic acids, sulphonic acids, peroxycarboxylic acids, phosphonous acids, phosphinous acids, phosphonic acids, phosphinic acids or phosphoric acids from aprotic solvents with the aid of ionic liquids of the formula [K]n +[A] , where n, [K] and A are defined as cited in the description.
Abstract:
The invention relates to the use of 1, 3 substituted imidazolium salts of the formula (I), R1 and R3 independently representing an organic group having 1 to 20 C atoms, R2, R4, and R5 independently representing a H atom or an organic group having 1 to 20 C atoms, R4 and R5 also together being able to form an aliphatic or aromatic ring, X representing an anion having a pK B value of less than 13 (measured at 25°C, 1 bar in water or dimethylsulfoxide), and n representing 1, 2 or 3, where 1-ethyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium acetate and 1-ethyl-2,3-dimethylimidazoliumacetate-acetic acid complex are excluded as the imidazolium salt, as a latent catalyst for curing compositions comprising epoxy compounds.