摘要:
Vacuum-insulated glass (VIG) windows (10) that employ glass-bump spacers (50) and two or more glass panes (20) are disclosed. The glass-bump spacers are formed in the surface (24) of one of the glass panes (20) and consist of the glass material from the body portion (23) of the glass pane. Thus, the glass-bump spacers are integrally formed in the glass pane, as opposed to being discrete spacer elements that need to be added and fixed to the glass pane. Methods of forming VIG windows are also disclosed. The methods include forming the glass-bump spacers by irradiating a glass pane with a focused beam (112F) from a laser (110). Heating effects in the glass cause the glass to locally expand, thereby forming a glass-bump spacer. The process is repeated at different locations in the glass pane to form an array of glass-bump spacers. A second glass pane is brought into contact with the glass-bump spacers, and the edges (28F, 28B) sealed. The resulting sealed interior region (40) is then evacuated to a vacuum pressure of less than one atmosphere.
摘要:
Method for processing of material by use of a pulsed laser, comprising generating a series of ultra-short laser pulses (22),directing each laser pulse (22) to the material with defined reference to a respectively assigned processing point (26) of a processing path (25), and focussing each laser pulse (22) so that respective focal points of the focussed laser pulses (22) comprise pre-defined spatial relations to a first surface (2) of the material, wherein each emitted laser pulse (22) effects a respective crack (24) within the material. According to the invention, each laser pulse is shaped regarding its beam profile so that a cross sectional area, which is defined by a cross section of the laser pulse in its focal point orthogonal to its propagation direction, is of asymmetric shape and defines a main extension axis (A) as to its asymmetric extension. One major crack (24) is effected by each laser pulse (22), the major crack (12,24) having a lateral extension basically oriented according to the main extension axis (A) of the respective pulse in the focal point. Furthermore, each laser pulse (22) is emitted so that the orientation of its main extension axis (A) in the focal point corresponds to a pre-defined orientation relative to an orientation of a respective tangent to the processing path (25) at the assigned processing point (26)
摘要:
CAM (20) sets an evaluation region in an adjacent plane to a target plane; calculates the position of the extremity of the product profile in the axial direction within the evaluation region; sets a first line segment passing through the position of the extremity and extending orthogonally to the axis in the target plane; locates a processing area in the range surrounded by the first line segment, a second line segment, and the product profile, the second line segment extending in the axial direction from an end of the first line segment to the product profile; allocates a trajectory for laser beam cutting to form a notch or a hole in the processing area; and allocates a trajectory for laser beam cutting to cut the material along the product profile. This can normally perform even cut-off processing of the material.
摘要:
Method for processing of material by use of a pulsed laser, comprising generating a series of ultra-short laser pulses (22),directing each laser pulse (22) to the material with defined reference to a respectively assigned processing point (26) of a processing path (25), and focussing each laser pulse (22) so that respective focal points of the focussed laser pulses (22) comprise pre-defined spatial relations to a first surface (2) of the material, wherein each emitted laser pulse (22) effects a respective crack (24) within the material. According to the invention, each laser pulse is shaped regarding its beam profile so that a cross sectional area, which is defined by a cross section of the laser pulse in its focal point orthogonal to its propagation direction, is of asymmetric shape and defines a main extension axis (A) as to its asymmetric extension. One major crack (24) is effected by each laser pulse (22), the major crack (12,24) having a lateral extension basically oriented according to the main extension axis (A) of the respective pulse in the focal point. Furthermore, each laser pulse (22) is emitted so that the orientation of its main extension axis (A) in the focal point corresponds to a pre-defined orientation relative to an orientation of a respective tangent to the processing path (25) at the assigned processing point (26)
摘要:
Provided are a light emitting diode, a light emitting diode package, and a lighting system. The light emitting diode includes a crystalline substrate (10) having a plurality of side surfaces (11-14), a light emitting structure layer comprising a first conductive type semiconductor layer, an active layer, and a second conductive type semiconductor layer on the substrate, and a first electrode on the first conductive type semiconductor layer and a second electrode on the second conductive type semiconductor layer. An amorphous region (11a,12a) is defined in a side surface of the substrate, and the amorphous regions of two sides (11,12) adjacent to each other have different depths from a top surface of the substrate.