摘要:
The invention is directed to liquid vegetable unsaturated alcohol mixture having an iodine value of 88 to 100 and a cloud point less than 7 DEG C, the unsaturated alcohol mixture being prepared by reduction of a vegetable unsaturated fatty acid mixture and/or an alkyl ester thereof in the presence of a zinc-type catalyst having a copper content of 30 ppm or less, the vegetable unsaturated fatty acid mixture being prepared from at least one vegetable oil selected from the group consisting of palm oil, coconut oil and palm kernel oil. The invention also concerns a liquid vegetable unsaturated alcohol mixture having an iodine value of 88 to 100, a cloud point less than 7 DEG C or lower and a conjugated diene content of 1 wt.% or less.
摘要:
3,3-Dimethylbutanal is prepared from 3,3-dimethylbutanol. Intermediate 3,3-dimethylbutanol is obtained by reacting ethylene, isopropylene and a mineral acid to produce a 3,3-dimethylbutyl ester which is hydrolyzed to the alcohol. The hydrolysis step is effectively carried out by reactive distillation. Alternatively, 3,3-dimethylbutanal is prepared from 3,3-dimethylbutanol obtained by reduction of the corresponding carboxylic acid or 1,2-epoxy-3,3-dimethylbutane, or by hydrolysis of 1-halo-3,3-dimethylbutane. Fixed bed gas phase and stirred tank liquid phase processes are provided for converting 3,3-dimethylbutanol to 3,3-dimethylbutanal by catalytic dehydrogenation.
摘要:
To provide an anionic surfactant powder comprising a polyoxyalkylene ether sulfate which powder has high stability in hard water, high low-temperature solubility and is improved in powder characteristics such as caking characteristics, and a method of producing the anionic surfactant powder. An anionic surfactant powder comprising polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether sulfates in which the average addition mol number of alkylene oxides is 0.05 to 2, wherein the content of the polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether sulfates provided with alkylene oxides added thereto in an amount of 4 mol or more is 30 % by weight or less based on the total anionic surfactant, an anionic surfactant powder further comprising a water-soluble inorganic salt, a method of producing each of these anionic surfactant powders, and a detergent composition and a cement additive comprising these anionic surfactant powders.
摘要:
A process for preparing branched olefins which process comprises dehydrogenating an isoparaffinic composition comprising 0.5 % or less quaternary aliphatic carbon atoms over a suitable catalyst, which isoparaffinic composition comprises paraffins having a carbon number in the range of from 7 to 35, of which paraffins at least a portion of the molecules is branched, the average number of branches per paraffin molecule being from 0.7 to 2.5 and the branching comprising methyl and optionally ethyl branches, and which isoparaffinic composition may be obtained by hydrocracking and hydroisomerisation of a paraffinic wax, said branched olefins having a quaternary carbon content of 0.5 % or less; a process of using olefins for making an anionic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant or a cationic surfactant, in particular a surfactant sulphate or sulphonate, comprising converting the branched olefins into the surfactant, and an anionic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant or a cationinc surfactant which is obtainable by said process.
摘要:
Provided are a method of efficiently procuding fullerene into which a OH group or a SO 3 H group is introduced, such as fullerenol, or a derivative thereof, the fullerene and its derivative being preferable as a proton conductor, and a novel and usable proton conductor obtained by the method. Further, provided is an electrochemical device using the proton conductor such as a fuel cell or the like. In the producing method of the fullerene derivative, halogated fullerene, which is obtained through halogating a fullerene molecule is used as a precursor, the fullerene derivative is produced through introducing one or more proton dissociative group into at least one carbon atom of a fullerene molecule. Moreover, in a producing method of a polymerized fullerene derivative, a plurality of fullerene derivatives are bonded to one another by an aromatic group of an aromatic compound through reacting the plurality of fullerene derivatives with the aromatic compound. The fullerene derivative obtained by any of these method functions as a proton conductor, and an electrochemical device using the proton conductor such as a fuel cell can be downsized and simplified without atmosphere constraints.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for producing (S,S)-N,N'-ethylenediamine disuccinic acid or analogous compounds or salts thereof by reacting L-asparaginic acid, L-glutaminic acid or L-cysteic acid with 1,2-bissulfooxyethane, 1,3,2-dioxathiolane-2,2-dioxide or mixtures thereof or 1,3-bissulfooxy-2-hydroxypropane in the presence of a base and optional successive acidification with an acid. In addition, the invention relates to a method for producing (S,S)-N,N'-ethylenediamine disuccinic acid or analogous compounds or salts thereof by reacting N-(2-sulfooxyethyl)-L-asparaginic acid or salts thereof with L-asparaginic acid or corresponding compounds based on L-glutaminic acid, L-cysteic acid and/or 1,3-bissulfooxy-2-hydroxypropane in the presence of a base and optional successive acidification with an acid.
摘要:
Washing and cleaning agents are disclosed, which comprise an effective proportion of one or several detergents of formula (I), where a = 11, 12 or 13, R?1 and R2¿ = independently H or alkyl group, R3 = H, sulphate or phosphate group and x and y = 0 200; further conventional additives and auxiliaries for washing and cleaning agents and optionally further additional detergents.
摘要:
Claimed is a process for dyeing or printing natural or synthetic polyamides or polyamide-containing compounds with an assistant comprising a compound of formula (I) where the substituents are each as defined in Claim 1, or mixtures thereof, the assistant per se, and the preparation of a storage-stable composition thereof and substrates dyed or printed by the process.
摘要:
A higher secondary alcohol alkoxylate compound composition represented by the general formula (1): [wherein R 1 and R 2 represent an alkyl group provided that the total number of carbon atoms of R 1 and R 2 is in the range of 7 to 29 and the number of carbon atom of R 2 is not less than that of R 1 (the number of carbon atom of R 1 ≤ the number of carbon atom of R 2 ), A represents a lower alkylene group, n represents a numeral in the range of 1 to 50 on the average; providing that when n is not less than 2, the number of species of oxyalkylene group represented by AO may be either one or two or more, and that when the oxyalkyl groups have two or more species, all the oxyalkylene groups are present in the average of n, and B represents a hydrogen atom or SO 3 M (wherein M represents an alkali metal atom, an alkaline earth metal atom, an ammonium group or a substituted ammonium group)], wherein the composition comprises 30 to 90 mol% of the higher secondary alcohol alkoxylate compound (X) having a methyl group for R 1 and 70 to 10 mol% of the higher secondary alcohol alkoxylate compound (Y) having an alkyl group of 2 or more carbon atoms for R 1 , a method for the production thereof, and a detergent and an emulsifier using the composition.
摘要:
The invention concerns alkyl sulphates with improved solubility, increased foaming power and a higher degree of sulphonation, the alkyl sulphates being obtained by sulphating, using per se prior art techniques, a mixture of fatty alcohols comprising: 0 to 1 % by wt. of C10 alcohols; 4 to 23 % by wt. of C12 alcohols; 1 to 13 % by wt. of C14 alcohols; 19 to 52 % by wt. of C16 alcohols; 34 to 62 % by wt. of C18 alcohols; 0 to 3 % by wt. of C20+ alcohols with sulphur trioxide or chlorosulphonic acid and subsequently neutralizing with bases. The alkyl sulphates thus obtained are suitable in particular for use in the production of extruded washing agents.