摘要:
A system including an apparatus is presented for treatment of biomass that allows successful biomass treatment at a high solids dry weight of biomass in the biomass mixture. The design of the system provides extensive distribution of a reactant by spreading the reactant over the biomass as the reactant is introduced through an injection lance, while the biomass is rotated using baffles (18) . The apparatus system to provide extensive assimilation of the reactant into biomass using baffles (18) to lift and drop the biomass, as well as attrition media (19) which fall onto the biomass, to enhance the treatment process .
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for the enzymatic production of a curing agent in its fluid state, e.g. liquid, comprising, in free phase, at least one oxygenated chemical species. Said method consists in bringing into contact at least: one enzymatic catalysis agent, comprising at least one peroxidase-type enzyme; an oxidisable substrate in aqueous phase that can be oxidised by the action of an oxygen donor, by catalysis by said enzymatic catalysis agent, generating said oxygenated chemical species in free phase; and said oxygen donor. The inventive method is characterised in that: e) an aqueous reaction bath is formed comprising, in addition to the oxidisable substrate and the oxygen donor, said enzymatic catalysis agent in divided solid phase, but in free phase, distributed in said bath, which may be set in motion; f) the aqueous reaction bath is separated into a fraction enriched with the enzymatic catalysis agent in divided solid phase and a fraction free from said catalysis agent, from which the curing agent is obtained.
摘要:
A process for the treatment of biomass is provided. The process comprises forming a biomass slurry by mixing biomass with a working fluid, and inducing the biomass slurry to flow through an inlet into a passage. A high velocity transport fluid is injected into the slurry through a nozzle communicating with the passage. The injection of the high velocity transport fluid applies a shear force to the slurry such that the working fluid is atomised and forms a vapour and droplet flow regime, an at least partial vacuum is formed within the passage downstream of the nozzle, and a condensation shock wave is generated within the passage downstream of the nozzle and vacuum by condensation of the transport fluid. An apparatus for treating biomass using the aforementioned process is also provided.
摘要:
The present invention provides a method for producing a useful substance by supplying, to a fixed-bed reactor packed with an immobilized enzyme, a liquid mixture containing two liquid phases, in which the two liquid phases are allowed to flow in an identical, parallel direction, which method employs a fixed-bed reactor equipped with an insertion unit or tubes, so as to form a plurality of lumens in the fixed-bed reactor, each lumen having a cross section of a circular shape with a diameter of 100 mm or less or having a polygonal shape with a diagonal line of 100 mm or less, wherein the lumens are packed with an immobilized enzyme and the liquid mixture is supplied therethrough. In a reaction performed by passing a reaction mixture exhibiting two liquid phases through a fixed-bed reactor equipped with an immobilized enzyme, overall flow of the reaction liquid is made uniform, to thereby facilitate production of a useful substance in an efficient manner.
摘要:
The present disclosure provides a device having a casing with a barrier surface and a contact surface and a composition in the casing having a nitric oxide precursor and an isolated enzyme or live cell expressing an endogenous enzyme, for converting the nitric oxide gas precursor to nitric oxide gas or having activity on a substrate that produces a catalyst that causes the conversion of the nitric oxide gas precursor to nitric oxide gas. The present disclosure also provides compositions, methods and uses for skin cosmesis.
摘要:
The invention relates to the lovastatin esterase enzyme immobilized on a solid support insoluble in water, the enzyme being covalently bound to a solid support activated with an at least difunctional coupling reagent, the immobilized lovastatin esterase exhibiting at least 5 times higher the hydrolytic activity towards lovastatin and salts thereof, in the presence of simvastatin and/or salts thereof, than towards simvastatin and salts thereof. The invention also relates to a process for immobilization of the lovastatin esterase enzyme on a solid support insoluble in water, and use of the enzyme immobilized on a solid support for preparation and/or isolation and/or purification of simvastatin, and also to a process for preparation and/or purification of simvastatin comprising treating the solution of the simvastatin salt containing residual content of the lovastatin salt with the lovastatin esterase enzyme until hydrolysing lovastatin to form the triol; separating the triol; and isolating simvastatin substantially free from lovastatin, wherein the solution of the simvastatin salt containing residual content of the lovastatin salt, is brought into a contact with the lovastatin esterase enzyme immobilized on a solid support insoluble in water. Also, the invention relates to a biocatalytic flow reactor with a bed, comprising a body (1) of the reactor with an inner space (2) connected to the fluid inlet (3) and connected to the fluid outlet (4), in which inner space (2) there is a bed (5) containing the lovastatin esterase enzyme immobilized on a solid support insoluble in water.
摘要:
An electrode useful in electrochemical nanobiosensors for determining the presence or concentration of analytes in aqueous samples. In particular, the electrode comprises a biocatalyst or other bioreceptor entrapped in a conducting polymeric film deposited on a conducting material, and a non-conducting or conducting porous coating. In particular embodiments, the conducting polymeric layer also comprises metallic nanoparticles. Electrochemical nanobiosensors containing the electrode, methods of making the electrode or sensor and methods of detecting analytes are also disclosed.