摘要:
This invention relates to a process for hydro cracking of heavy oils. More particularly, this invention relates to a catalytic process for converting heavy oils, such as vacuum gas oil (VGO) and VGO containing a high proportion of vacuum resid (VR) to middle distillate products.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a process for the energy conversion of carbon dioxide, comprising the steps of culturing phytoplankton in electromagnetic bioaccelerators, producing oxygen and biomass made up of lipids, hydrocarbons and sugars from the previous step, oxidizing the hydrocarbons produced in the previous step to generate carbon dioxide and NOx and collecting the carbon dioxide and NOx from the previous step until the cultures of the first step.
摘要:
A startup method for a fractionator that is supplied with, and fractionally distills, a hydrocracked product obtained in a wax fraction hydrocracking step by hydrocracking a wax fraction contained within a Fischer-Tropsch synthetic oil, the method including a preheating step of preheating the fractionator using a hydrocarbon oil that includes at least a portion of the hydrocracked product and is liquid at a normal temperature and normal pressure.
摘要:
The invention provides a process for hydrotreating and dewaxing a hydrocarbon feedstock, comprising the steps of: (a) hydrotreating the feedstock under hydrotreating conditions in a first reaction zone to obtain a first stage hydrotreated effluent; and (b) introducing at least part of the first stage hydrotreated effluent into a second reaction zone in which the first stage hydrotreated effluent is subjected to a series of alternating dewaxing steps and hydrotreating steps, which dewaxing steps are carried out under catalytically dewaxing conditions and the hydrotreating steps are carried out under hydrotreating conditions, wherein the first step in the series of alternating dewaxing and hydrotreating steps is a dewaxing step and the last step of the series of alternating dewaxing and hydrotreating steps is a hydrotreating step, and the dewaxing steps are carried out with a dewaxing catalyst which comprises a Group VIII metal hydrogenation component, dealuminated aluminosilicate zeolite crystallites and a low acidity refractory oxide binder material which is essentially free of alumina.
摘要:
A process for upgrading residuum hydrocarbons and decreasing tendency of the resulting products toward asphaltenic sediment formation in downstream processes is disclosed. The process may include: contacting a residuum hydrocarbon fraction and hydrogen with a hydroconversion catalyst in a hydrocracking reaction zone to convert at least a portion of the residuum hydrocarbon fraction to lighter hydrocarbons; recovering an effluent from the hydrocracking reaction zone; contacting hydrogen and at least a portion of the effluent with a resid hydrotreating catalyst; and separating the effluent to recover two or more hydrocarbon fractions.
摘要:
An integrated process for hydrogen gas production includes: a. operating a water electrolysis cell with an external source of electricity to produce oxygen and hydrogen; b. optionally operating an air separation unit to produce additional oxygen for the process; c. introducing a hydrocarbon feedstock into a membrane wall gasification reactor with an ash-forming material and steam, and oxygen from the electrolysis cell and, optionally, oxygen from the air separation unit to produce hot raw synthesis gas; d. passing the hot raw synthesis gas from the gasification reactor to a steam-generating heat exchanger to produce steam and a cooled raw synthesis gas; e. introducing the steam generated in the heat exchanger into a turbine to produce electricity to operate the electrolysis cell; and f. recovering the hydrogen gas from the water electrolysis cell and, optionally, subjecting the synthesis gas to a water-gas shift reaction to increase the hydrogen content and recovering the hydrogen.