摘要:
A pressure type flow rate control apparatus (1) controls flow rate of a fluid in an environment where a ratio of P2/P1 between an absolute pressure P1 at an upstream side of an orifice and an absolute pressure P2 at a downstream side of the orifice is maintained at a value less than about 0.7. The apparatus comprises: a plate for forming the orifice (5); a control valve (2) positioned upstream of the orifice; an orifice corresponding valve (9) positioned downstream of the orifice (5); a primary pressure detector (3) positioned between the control valve (2) and the orifice (5); a secondary pressure detector (11) positioned downstream of the orifice (5); a calculation control device (6) for calculating flow rate Qc on the basis of the measured pressure P1 of the primary pressure detector (3) by a formula Qc = KP1 (K being a constant) and for outputting as a control signal Qy a difference between a flow rate command signal Qs and the calculated flow rate signal Qc to a drive unit (14) of the control valve 2; and a pressure comparing, calculating apparatus (10) for calculating the ratio of P2/P1 between the detected pressure P1 of the primary pressure detector (3) and the detected pressure P2 of the secondary pressure detector (11). The pressure P1 upstream of the orifice is adjusted by opening and closing the control valve by the control signal Qy, thereby controlling the flow rate downstream of the orifice.
摘要:
A valve main body is internally formed with a main channel extending from a rear end face thereof nearly to a first valve actuator, and two subchannels communicating with the main channel via second and third valve actuators, respectively. The valve main body has a slanting face extending forwardly downward and having the first valve actuator mounted thereon.
摘要:
This invention intends to provide an apparatus-cooling system high in cooling efficiency and easy in maintenance as well as a method to cool an apparatus. The invention is characterized in that an apparatus-cooling water system comprising at least a water tank (1) for storing pure water, pipings (3), (5) for outwardly introducing pure water from said water tank and returning said water to said tank, respectively, and a pump (2) for passing pure water trough said pipings is provided with means (6) for pouring ozone into said pure water.
摘要:
The present invention aims at providing an apparatus for and a method of forming low-temperature oxide films, which are capable of forming an oxide film at a low temperature and preventing the diffusion of impurities from the outside. The apparatus for forming an oxide film at a low temperature is characterized in that it has an oxidation furnace provided with a gas supply port and a gas discharge port, a heater for heating the oxidation furnace to a predetermined temperature, and a gas supply system disposed upstream of the oxidation furnace and provided with a means for adding an arbitrary quantity of water or a means for generating an arbitrary quantity of water.
摘要:
An excimer laser generating system includes a laser chamber (1) whose inner surface (101) is covered with a fluorine-passivated surface. Preferably, the surfaces (102,103) of a blower (23) and heat exchanger (24) disposed in the laser chamber(1) are also covered with a fluorine-passivated surface. The fluorine-passivated surface (101,102,103) may be formed of a wide variety of materials including an aluminum oxide film, a fluoride film containing aluminum fluoride and magnesium fluoride, iron fluoride, and nickel fluoride. Preferably, the excimer laser generation system includes a gas supply system having an inert gas purging system so that gas sources can be replaced without exposing the inside of gas supply pipes to atmosphere. With the above arrangement, the excimer laser generating system can generate a laser beam pulse whose energy and shape are maintained constant for a long period of operation time without encountering serious degradation. The invention also provides a high-reliability step-and-repeat exposure apparatus using the above excimer laser generating system, capable of exposing a very fine pattern.
摘要:
This invention aims at providing a film forming method and a film forming apparatus which are capable of varying the density and composition of a deposition film in the direction of the thickness thereof, and obtaining a film of a stable and high quality. A film forming apparatus consisting of a sealed container having an inlet port for a gas used to cause a chemical vapor growth and sputter a target material, at least two electrodes provided in the container, means for supporting the target material and a substrate on the first and second electrodes out of these electrodes, and two high-frequency power sources having different frequencies and connected to the first and second electrodes; and a film forming method consisting of introducing a gas into the container, applying high-frequency power of different frequencies to the first and second electrodes to generate plasma, and forming a film while controlling DC potential of the target material, whereby a deposition film containing at least one kind of atom out of the atoms constituting the target material and at least one kind of atom out of the atoms contituting the gas mentioned above is formed on the substrate.
摘要:
This semiconductor device has a large capacity of power driving, and can operate at a high speed. A first semiconductor region of a first conductivity type is formed on a metal substrate through a first insulating film. In the first semiconductor region, first source and drain regions of a second conductivity type are formed. Further, on the region which isolates the first source and drain regions, a first metallic gate electrode is formed through a second insulating film.
摘要:
A device comprising invertor circuit group including two or more invertor circuits formed by neuron MOS transistors; means for applying a first signal voltage common to the two or more invertors of the invertor circuit group to a first input gate of the invertor circuits; means for applying a given second signal to one or more second input gates other than the first input gate of the invertor circuits; a delay circuit for transmitting the variation of the output voltage of at least one of the invertor circuits of the invertor circuit group with a time delay generated by use of the variation with time of the signal voltage of either or both of the first and second signal voltages; a transistor whose ON and OFF is controlled by the signal transmitted from the delay circuit; storage circuits taking in signals by the ON and OFF of the transistor; and means for executing a given logical operation with respect to the output voltage signals generated by the invertor circuit group. The device has a function of storing the result of the logical operation in the storage circuits.
摘要:
Neutralizing equipment which can realize simply and effectively the removal of the charges on a charged body such as a wafer which is easily charged. For example, after such an easily chargeable body as a wafer (3) is transported into a case (1), if neutralizing-charge producing means which are typically light sources (8a, 8b) for projecting ultraviolet rays for exciting into the case (1) is operated, the case (1) is filled with ions which are produced by ionizing the atmosphere gas, etc. of a nonreactive gas, etc. introduced beforehand in the case (1). Hereupon, the neutralizing-charge producing means can produce positive and negative ions and electrons. When the body is charged positively, the electrons or negative ions are moved toward the charge body to neutralize the positive charges on the charged body. On the other hand, when the body is charged negatively, the positive ions produced in the case (1) are moved toward the charged body to neutralize the negative charges thereon.
摘要:
A method of readily forming a passive oxide film based on chromium oxide characterized by subjecting stainless steel to electrolytic polishing, composite electrolytic polishing and fluidized abrasive polishing, baking the steel thus treated in an inactive gas to remove moisture from its surface, and heat treating the resultant steel at 300 to 600 °C in a gaseous atmosphere comprising hydrogen or a mixture thereof with an inactive gas and containing less than 4 ppm of oxygen or less than 500 ppb of moisture. An oxidized stainless steel characterized by comprising a stainless steel having a crystal grain number of 6 or above and, formed on the surface thereof, a passive oxide film based on chromium oxide, wherein the oxide film has a thickness of 5 nm or above and the atomic ratio of chromium to iron on the outermost layer of the film is 1 or above.