Abstract:
The object of the present invention is a method for the purifying distillation of raw, aqueous 1,4-butanediol (1), in which 1,4-butanediol (5) freed of components boiling at a lower point than 1,4-butanediol and water is conducted through three distillation columns (III, IV, V), components boiling at a higher point than 1,4-butanediol are drawn from the bottom of the first column and conducted to the third (7), 1,4-butanediol is conducted from the top of the first column (6) into the second, the bottom product of the second column (9) is conducted into the third, the top product of the third column (11) is returned at least partially to the first column, characterized in that the pure 1,4-butanediol is removed from the side outlet of the second column.
Abstract:
The subject matter of the present invention is a method for the production of polytetrahydrofurane or tetrahydrofurane copolymers by means of the polymerization of tetrahydrofurane, in the presence of a telogen and/or a comonomer, on an acidic fixed-bed catalyst, in which the temperature of the polymerization mixture increases in the flow direction of the catalyst bed.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for purifying a composition (I) containing at least one cyclic ketone having 7 to 16 C atoms. The method encompasses the thermal treatment of the composition (I) with a catalyst containing at least one transition metal and the further purification by a method selected from the group consisting of destillation, extraction and crystallization. The invention also relates to a method for producing cyclododecanone, which includes a purification of this type, and to the use of at least one catalyst containing at least one transition metal for purifying a composition (I) containing at least one cyclic ketone having 7 to 16 C atoms by thermal treatment of the composition (I) with a catalyst that contains at least one transition metal.
Abstract:
The subject matter of the present invention is a method for the production of polytetrahydrofurane or tetrahydrofurane copolymers by means of the polymerization of tetrahydrofurane, in the presence of a telogen and/or a comonomer, on an acidic fixed-bed catalyst, in which the temperature of the polymerization mixture increases in the flow direction of the catalyst bed.
Abstract:
The subject matter of the present invention relates to a method for preventing fumaric acid deposits during the production of maleic acid anhydride consisting of the following steps: a) absorption of a C4-dicarbonic acid or a derivative thereof from a raw product mixture into an organic solvent or water as an absorbent, (b) separation of the C4-dicarbonic acid or a derivative thereof from said absorbent, wherein the absorbent thus recovered is either completely or partially hydrogenated catalytically and is returned to absorption stage (a) either completely or partially.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for purifying 1,4-butynediol, in which 1,4-butynediol is processed in a dynamic mixing device in an inert gas atmosphere at 25 to 150 °C at a velocity gradient exceeding 100,000 sec-1 in the radial play between the rotor and the stator, one waits for the phases to separate at temperatures ranging from 25 to 150 °C, and the bottom phase is eliminated. Also disclosed is a method for hydrogenating 1,4-butynediol into 1,4-butenediol and 1,4-butanediol with the aid of the purified 1,4-butynediol.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a biodiesel fuel mixture that has a cetane number of > 40 and contains a) 1 to 100 wt. % biodiesel, b) 0 to 98.9 wt. % diesel oil of fossil origin, c) 0.1 to 20 wt. % polyoxyalkylene dialkyl ether of formula RO(CH2O)nR, wherein R is an alkyl group with 1 to 10 C atoms and n = 2 to 10, and d) 0 to 5 wt. % of additional additives.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for purifying a crude nitrogen-containing, sulfur-containing, halogen-containing pyrolysis oil originating from the pyrolysis of plastic waste, comprising (i) subjecting the crude pyrolysis oil to a treatment with a trapping agent selected from (a) an elemental metal of group 1, 2, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 of the IUPAC periodic table, a mixture or an alloy thereof; (b) an oxide of metals of group 1, 2, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 of the IUPAC periodic table or a mixture thereof; (c) an alkoxide of metals of group 1, 2 of the IUPAC periodic table or a mixture thereof; (d) a solid sorption agent as defined in the claims; or a combination of at least two trapping agents (a), (b), (c) or (d); (ii) separating the product obtained into a purified pyrolysis oil fraction having a reduced nitrogen, sulfur and halogen content in relation to the crude pyrolysis oil and a fraction comprising the trapping agent which has bound at least a part of the sulfur, nitrogen, halogen present in the crude pyrolysis oil.