摘要:
The invention relates to a liquid phase fluorination reactor. The inventive reactor comprises, by way of a heating means, an element which is fixed to the cover thereof in such a way that it extends down the bottom of the tank. The invention is characterised in that: the parts of the reactor, excluding the heating element, which can come into contact with the reaction medium are coated with a hexafluoropropylene and tetrafluoroethylene copolymer; and the part of the heating element that can come into contact with said reaction medium is made from silicon carbide. The invention also relates to the corresponding liquid phase fluorination.
摘要:
A process for the conversion of a substantially fluid phase substrate by heterogeneous contact of the substrate or a fragment or derivative thereof with a substantially solid phase agent wherein the solid phase agent is comprised as a surface of a support element or part thereof and the support element is adapted to rotate around an axis such that the solid phase agent provides a rotating surface or part thereof and the substrate provides a film flowing substantially radially outward from the axis in dynamic contact with the agent.
摘要:
Urea is prepared by reacting ammonia and carbon dioxide in an apparatus comprising a vertical condensation and synthesis column (1) and a stripper (21), to provide a urea synthesis solution comprising urea, unreacted ammonia, unreacted carbon dioxide and water. The urea synthesis solution is transferred from the top of the vertical condensation and synthesis column (1) to the top of a stripper (21). Carbon dioxide is introduced into the bottom of the stripper (21) and contacted with the urea synthesis solution, thereby separating the unreacted ammonia and the unreacted carbon dioxide from the urea, and providing a mixed gas comprising ammonia, carbon dioxide and water. The mixed gas is transferred into the bottom of the vertical condensation and synthesis column (1), where it is reacted with liquid ammonia injected into the bottom and a middle of the vertical condensation and synthesis column (1). The mixed gas and liquid ammonia are condensed and react to form urea. Uncondensed gases are absorbed in an absorbing medium, which is subsequently recycled to the bottom of the vertical condensation and synthesis column (1).
摘要:
A reactor including a rotatable disc (3) having first (5, 19) and second (20, 30) surfaces. Reactant (15) is supplied to the first surface (5, 19) by way of a feed (4), the disc (3) is rotated at high speed, and the reactant (15) forms a film (17) on the surface (5, 19). As the reactant (15) traverses the surface (5, 19) of the disc (3), it undergoes chemical or physical processes before being thrown from the periphery of the disc (3) into collector means (7). Means for supplying a heat transfer fluid (35) to the second surface (20, 30) are also provided so as to allow the first surface (5, 19) and hence the reactant (15) to be cooled or heated.
摘要:
A reactor including a rotatable disc (3) having a surface (5) onto which reactant (15) is supplied by way of a feed (4). The disc (3) is rotated at high speed, and the reactant (15) spills over the surface (5) so as to form a film (17). The surface (5) is provided with features to enhance its surface area, such as a metal mesh (60), thereby helping to increase the residence time of the reactant (15) on the surface (5) and to help mixing.
摘要:
An inlet structure (60) for passage of a gas stream from an upstream source (90) of gas to a downstream locus, wherein the inlet structure (60) is constructed, arranged and operated to suppress particulate and film deposition and formation, as well as to suppress adverse hydrodynamic effects.
摘要:
L'invention concerne un dispositif pour la fabrication de bromure d'hydrogène par combustion directe du brome dans l'hydrogène. Ce dispositif comprend un brûleur (1), une chambre de combustion (4) constituée de graphite imprégné et une zone de refroidissement (6) constituée par une enveloppe en acier dans laquelle sont empilés des blocs de graphite imprégné.
摘要:
Cette colonne (2), du type à garnissage ondulé-croisé, comporte des moyens de renvoi de liquide au voisinage des bords du garnissage et des moyens (29A) de distribution du liquide et du gaz, qui contribuent à diminuer substantiellement la hauteur de la colonne. Application aux installations de séparation des gaz de l'air.
摘要:
Bei einem Verfahren zur Behandlung einer wässrigen Lösung enthaltend Cyanid-Verbindungen, Schwermetalle, insbesondere Edelmetalle, und harte Komplexbildner, wie EDTA, NTA, DTPA und NTMP durch alkalische Hochtemperaturhydrolye unter Entwicklung von Ammoniumformiat ist zur Erzielung einer gleichzeitigen Entgiftung und Rückgewinnung von Edelmetallen einerseits und eines Abbaus von harten Komplexbildnern andererseits unter Verwendung eines mit vertretbarem Kostenaufwand realisierbaren Autoklaven vorgesehen, daß dem für die Hydrolyse verwendeten Autoklaven ein Regelkreis zugeordnet ist, wobei der Wasserdampfpartialdruck in dem Autoklaven erfaßt und über ein steuerbares Auslaß-Regelventil derart konstant gehalten wird, daß nach Überschreiten eines der vorgegebenen Reaktionstemperatur entsprechenden Wasserdampf-Partialdruck-Sollwertes zur Druckminderung über das Auslaß-Regelventil Inertgase abgelassen werden.