摘要:
A method and a system are described for determining the separation distance between an object or a material and a processing tool or an instrument for measuring the object or material, comprising: - generating a measurement low coherence optical radiation beam, leading the measurement beam towards the object and leading the reflected or diffused measurement beam from the object towards an optical interferometric sensor arrangement in a first direction of incidence, - generating a reference low coherence optical radiation beam, and leading the reference beam towards the optical interferometric sensor means in a second direction of incidence at a preset angle of incidence with respect to the first direction of incidence of the measurement beam; - superimposing the measurement beam and the reference beam on a common region of incidence of the sensor means; - detecting the position of a pattern of interference fringes between the measurement beam and the reference beam on the region of incidence; and - determining a difference in optical length between the measurement optical path and the reference optical path on the basis of the position of the pattern of interference fringes along an illumination axis of the region of incidence, which is indicative of a difference between (a) the current separation distance between the processing tool or measuring instrument and the surface of the object and (b) the predetermined nominal separation distance, wherein the sensor means comprise an arrangement of photodetectors along the illumination axis, and the angle of incidence is controlled in such a way that the spatial frequency of the pattern of interference fringes is greater than the spatial frequency of the photodetectors.
摘要:
Methods are provided which comprise the steps of: a) emitting through the cutting head of the laser cutting machine a focused laser beam that does not cut or etch the material of the tube; b) moving the cutting head along a given scanning direction; and c) while the cutting head is moving along the scanning direction, detecting through suitable sensors the radiation reflected or emitted by the tube and establishing point by point, on the base of the signal provided by these sensors, the presence or absence of the material of the tube.
摘要:
A method and a system are described for detecting the operating condition of at least one optical element (16) arranged along an optical propagation path of a power laser beam (B) in a processing head (14) of a machine for laser processing of a material, based on the steps of : a) acquiring, upstream of the optical element (16), a signal indicative of an optical radiation which back-propagates coaxially to the optical path at the wavelength of the laser beam (B); b) acquiring, upstream of the optical element (16), a signal indicative of an optical radiation which back-propagates coaxially to the optical path, having a wavelength in the near infrared; c) acquiring a signal indicative of an optical radiation emitted by the optical element (16) in the infrared in a volume region (R2) in proximity to the surface of the optical element (16); d) acquiring a signal or data which is a function of the time-of-flight of an acoustic wave launched through the volume of the optical element (16); e) calculating a normalized signal of optical radiation in the infrared, as a function of the signal indicative of the optical radiation in the infrared emitted by the optical element (16), of the signal indicative of the optical radiation which back-propagates at a wavelength in the near infrared, and of the signal indicative of the optical radiation which is back-propagated at the wavelength of the laser beam (B); f) calculating a real infrared optical radiation signal as a function of the normalized optical radiation signal and the signal which is a function of the time-of-flight of the acoustic wave through the volume of the optical element (16); and g) calculating a signal indicative of the operating condition of the optical element (16) as a function of the real signal of optical radiation in the infrared, of the signal indicative of the optical radiation which is back-propagated at a wavelength in the near infrared, and of the signal indicative of the optical radiation that is back-propagated at the wavelength of the laser beam (B).
摘要:
The feed unit (10) comprises: a first pair of motor-driven lower rollers (12a, 12b) for moving first tubes (T1) forward along a first feed axis (x1); a second pair of motor-driven lower rollers (14a, 14b) for moving second tubes (T2) forward along a second feed axis (x2) parallel to the first one; a first pair of upper rollers (16a, 16b) for urging the first tubes (T1) against the first pair of lower rollers (12a, 12b); a second pair of upper rollers (18a, 18b) for urging the second tubes (T2) against the second pair of lower rollers (14a, 14b); a plurality of first side rollers (22) for retaining laterally the first tubes (T1); and a plurality of second side rollers (24) for retaining laterally the second tubes (T2). The upstream rollers (12a, 14a) of the first pair of lower rollers (12a, 12b) and of the second pair of lower rollers (14a, 14b) are rotatably mounted about a first transverse axis of rotation (y a ) inclined by an angle (±) to the horizontal. The downstream rollers (12b, 14b) of the first pair of lower rollers (12a, 12b) and of the second pair of lower rollers (14a, 14b) are rotatably mounted about a second transverse axis of rotation (y b ) parallel to the first one. The upstream rollers (16a, 18a) of the first pair of upper rollers (16a, 16b) and of the second pair of upper rollers (18a, 18b) are rotatably mounted about a third transverse axis of rotation (y' a ) parallel to the first one. The downstream rollers (16b, 18b) of the first pair of upper rollers (16a, 16b) and of the second pair of upper rollers (18a, 18b) are rotatably mounted about a fourth transverse axis of rotation (y' b ) parallel to the first one. Each upper roller (16a, 16b, 18a, 18b) is adapted to be moved towards a respective lower roller (12a, 12b, 14a, 14b) to clamp a respective tube (T1, T2) against the lower roller (12a, 12b, 14a, 14b). The feed unit (10) further comprises a separating element (34) movable between a rest position, in which it is not interposed between the first and second tubes (T1, T2), whereby the first and second tubes (T1, T2) are in contact with each other, and a working position, in which it is interposed between the first and second tubes (T1, T2) thus preventing these tubes from being in contact with each other.
摘要:
The feed unit (10) comprises: a first pair of motor-driven lower rollers (12a, 12b) for moving first tubes (T1) forward along a first feed axis (x1); a second pair of motor-driven lower rollers (14a, 14b) for moving second tubes (T2) forward along a second feed axis (x2) parallel to the first one; a first pair of upper rollers (16a, 16b) for urging the first tubes (T1) against the first pair of lower rollers (12a, 12b); a second pair of upper rollers (18a, 18b) for urging the second tubes (T2) against the second pair of lower rollers (14a, 14b); a plurality of first side rollers (22) for retaining laterally the first tubes (T1); and a plurality of second side rollers (24) for retaining laterally the second tubes (T2). The upstream rollers (12a, 14a) of the first pair of lower rollers (12a, 12b) and of the second pair of lower rollers (14a, 14b) are rotatably mounted about a first transverse axis of rotation (y a ) inclined by an angle (α) to the horizontal. The downstream rollers (12b, 14b) of the first pair of lower rollers (12a, 12b) and of the second pair of lower rollers (14a, 14b) are rotatably mounted about a second transverse axis of rotation (y b ) parallel to the first one. The upstream rollers (16a, 18a) of the first pair of upper rollers (16a, 16b) and of the second pair of upper rollers (18a, 18b) are rotatably mounted about a third transverse axis of rotation (y' a ) parallel to the first one. The downstream rollers (16b, 18b) of the first pair of upper rollers (16a, 16b) and of the second pair of upper rollers (18a, 18b) are rotatably mounted about a fourth transverse axis of rotation (y' b ) parallel to the first one. Each upper roller (16a, 16b, 18a, 18b) is adapted to be moved towards a respective lower roller (12a, 12b, 14a, 14b) to clamp a respective tube (T1, T2) against the lower roller (12a, 12b, 14a, 14b). The feed unit (10) further comprises a separating element (34) movable between a rest position, in which it is not interposed between the first and second tubes (T1, T2), whereby the first and second tubes (T1, T2) are in contact with each other, and a working position, in which it is interposed between the first and second tubes (T1, T2) thus preventing these tubes from being in contact with each other.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method and apparatus for checking the characteristics of "intervention" clothes (1) to ascertain whether the fabrics have undergone such changes and/or damages that they no longer have the safety characteristics which are provided for or set by law and thence have to be discarded. The method of the invention comprises a first step of optically testing the external layer of the fabric, a second step of testing the reflectivity of the reflecting bands applied to the fabric, and finally a third stage of testing the capacity of heat insulation by means of infrared rays.
摘要:
The support device (20) comprises: a pivoting arm (22) arranged to be rotatably supported at an end thereof by a base (12) of the machine (10) for rotation about a first axis of rotation (y1) oriented transversely to the direction of the longitudinal axis (x) of the tube (T); a cylindrical roller (24) mounted at the opposite end of the pivoting arm (22) with its axis oriented parallel to the first axis of rotation (y1); a variable-profile support member (26) rotatably mounted at the free end of the pivoting arm (22) for rotation about a second axis of rotation (y2) parallel to the first axis of rotation (y1); a first driving system (28, 36, 38) arranged to control the angular position of the pivoting arm (22) about the first axis of rotation (y1); and a second driving system (42, 44, 46, 48, 50) arranged to control the angular position of the support member (26) about the second axis of rotation (y2).