Abstract:
An apparatus and method for controlling the end tidal partial pressure of a gas X in a subject's lung, and to the use of such an apparatus and method for research, diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, wherein the method consists of: - obtaining input of a series of logistically attainable PetX values for a series of respective breaths: - determining an amount of gas X required to be inspired by the subject in an inspired gas to target the PetX for each of said respective breaths: and - controlling a gas delivery device to deliver the amount of gas in a volume of gas delivered to the subject in each of said respective breaths to target the respective PetX for that breath.
Abstract:
A processor obtains input of a logistically attainable end tidal partial pressure of gas X (PetX[i]T) for one or more respective breaths [i] and input of a prospective computation of an amount of gas X required to be inspired by the subject in an inspired gas to target the PetX[i]T for a respective breath [i] using inputs required to utilize a mass balance relationship, wherein one or more values required to control the amount of gas X in a volume of gas delivered to the subject is output from an expression of the mass balance relationship. The mass balance relationship is expressed in a form which takes into account (prospectively), for a respective breath [i], the amount of gas X in the capillaries surrounding the alveoli and the amount of gas X in the alveoli, optionally based on a model of the lung which accounts for those sub-volumes of gas in the lung which substantially affect the alveolar gas X concentration affecting mass transfer.
Abstract:
An anesthetic delivery system for use in conjunction with an anesthetic return system for reutilizing anesthetic exhaled by a subject, the system including a measurement system operatively connected to a breathing circuit for continuously measuring at least one flow parameter and anesthetic content of a gas stream reaching the subject and a control system for receiving input from the measurement system and controlling the amount of anesthetic entering the system, the control system including an input device for inputting a setting that corresponds to a desired amount of anesthetic in the gas stream reaching the subject, and utilizing a control algorithm for controlling the amount of anesthetic entering the system based on said desired amount of anesthetic, and flow and anesthetic content parameters as determined by the measurement system, such that the control algorithm is adapted to supplement anesthetic already in gas stream flowing to the subject to attain a level of anesthetic reaching the subject that correspond to the desired amount set via the input device.
Abstract:
A processor obtains input of a logistically attainable end tidal partial pressure of gas X (PetX[i]T) for one or more respective breaths [i] and input of a prospective computation of an amount of gas X required to be inspired by the subject in an inspired gas to target the PetX[i]T for a respective breath [i] using inputs required to utilize a mass balance relationship, wherein one or more values required to control the amount of gas X in a volume of gas delivered to the subject is output from an expression of the mass balance relationship. The mass balance relationship is expressed in a form which takes into account (prospectively), for a respective breath [i], the amount of gas X in the capillaries surrounding the alveoli and the amount of gas X in the alveoli, optionally based on a model of the lung which accounts for those sub-volumes of gas in the lung which substantially affect the alveolar gas X concentration affecting mass transfer.
Abstract:
A method of controlling a gas delivery apparatus including an apparatus controllable variable using an iterative algorithm to deliver a test gas (TG) for non- invasively determining a subject's pulmonary blood flow comprising iteratively generating and evaluating test values of a iterated variable based on an iterative algorithm in order output a test value of the iterated variable that meets a testcriterion wherein iterative algorithm is characterized in that it defines a test mathematical relationship between the at least one apparatus controllable variable, the iterated variable and an end tidal concentration of test gas attained by setting the apparatus controllable variable, such that the iterative algorithm is determinative of whether iteration on the test value satisfies a test criterion or iteratively generates a progressively refined test value.