摘要:
Disclosed are methods to predict the occurrence of polarization and the design and operation of electrochemical systems to maintain a current density below the limiting current density and avoid instability.
摘要:
Disclosed are methods to predict the occurrence of polarization and the design and operation of electrochemical systems to maintain a current density below the limiting current density and avoid instability.
摘要:
Highly energy efficient electrodialysis membranes having low operating costs and a novel process for their manufacture are described herein. The membranes are useful in the desalination of water and purification of waste water. They are effective in desalination of seawater due to their low electrical resistance and high permselectivity. These membranes are made by a novel process which results in membranes significantly thinner than prior art commercial electrodialysis membranes. The membranes are produced by polymerizing one or more monofunctional ionogenic monomers with at least one multifunctional monomer in the pores of a porous substrate.
摘要:
Disclosed are methods to predict the occurrence of polarization and the design and operation of electrochemical systems to maintain a current density below the limiting current density and avoid instability.
摘要:
Systems and methods for the desalination of seawater or brackish water for the purpose of obtaining potable water. Systems may include a combination of electrodialysis and electrodeionization modules. The system configuration and process controls may achieve low energy consumption and stable operation.