摘要:
The object of the present invention is to detect a good Raman scattering light and to provide a confocal Raman microscope with high analysis accuracy. The confocal Raman microscope (10) of the present invention comprises: a light source (11) that emits an excitation light; an excitation light irradiation means (1) that irradiates the excitation light onto a sample (18); a focusing means (3) that focuses Raman scattering light from the light scattered from the sample (18) by using a confocal aperture (20); and a detecting means (26) that detects the focused Raman scattering light, wherein the excitation light irradiating means (1) comprises an excitation light shaping means (13) that shapes the cross section of the excitation light into an approximate annular shape, and the focusing means (3) comprises a shielding means (22) that focuses the light of an approximate central part of the cross section among the light that passed the confocal aperture (20) and shields the light of the outer part of the cross section.
摘要:
Measuring apparatus comprises a rotating plate 17, a torque detection plate 18 disposed on a same axis parallel to the plate 17 with a given gap, a torque sensor about the plate 18 through the specimen held between two plates. The plate 18 is a total reflection prism which is made from a material that has a greater refractive index than the specimen and transmits UV and infrared light. An ultraviolet beam is directed onto the specimen through the prism. An infrared beam is directed into the prism. The infrared beam emerging from the prism after total reflection from the interface between the prism and the specimen is detected. A signal processor analyzes the infrared absorption spectrum of the specimen on the basis of the infrared beam. While the viscosity of the specimen in the curing process is measured, the signal processor simultaneously measures the infrared absorption spectrum.
摘要:
A polarizing monochromator (10) comprising a uniaxial birefringent crystal prism (20), the prism has the geometry of a triangular block having a triangular base, a face including a side of the hypotenuse is an input-output face, where light enters and exits, and a face including the longer side of the right angle is a reflection face, the optic axis of the prism is perpendicular to the base of the prism, the angle of the input-output face of the prism with respect to light coming from a collimator optical system (18) is determined in such a manner that ordinary light and extraordinary light exit from the input output face of the prism in opposite directions with respect to an optical axis connecting the collimator optical system and the prism, and a light-collecting optical system (22) is disposed to collect either extraordinary light or ordinary light exiting from the input-output face of the prism.
摘要:
A rangefinder 10 comprises a light source 12 for emitting a luminous flux L1 having a predetermined beam diameter; interfering means 14 which is an object having an optical axis substantially perpendicular to a direction in which the object to be measured can be dislocated, the interfering means 14 having a transmission type diffraction grating 20 as one object for splitting the luminous flux L1 from the light source 12 into two diffraction luminous fluxes L2, L3 having respective directions different from each other, the two diffraction luminous fluxes L2, L3 being caused to impinge on a reflection type diffraction grating 22 as the other object, respective reflection luminous fluxes L2, L3 thereof being superposed on each other again by the transmission type diffraction grating 20 so as to interfere with each other; detecting means 16 for photoelectrically detecting interference light L4 obtained by the interfering means 14; and signal processing means 18 for measuring an intensity change and interference period of an interference signal obtained by the detecting means 16, and determining the dislocation of the object 22, 24 to be measured with reference to the reference object 20 from the intensity change and interference period of the interference signal.
摘要:
A gas analyzing apparatus comprises: a light source (34) emitting an infrared luminous flux; a sample cell (38) which is arranged such that a sample gas is introduced therein and the infrared luminous flux emitted from the light source (34) is transmitted therethrough; and detection means (10a) which contains an absorber and is arranged such that the infrared luminous flux transmitted through the sample cell (38) passes through the absorber. An increase in pressure, according to the temperature within an absorber container raised upon absorption of the infrared luminous flux by the absorber, is optically detected so as to measure, based on the increase in pressure, a concentration of an ingredient to be measured in the sample gas; wherein, as the absorber contained in the detection means (10a), a gas having an ingredient identical to the ingredient to be measured is used; particularly high sensitivity being obtainable by the provision of at least two detection means (10a,10b) containing gases having respective ingredients identical to different ingredients to be measured in the sample gas.
摘要:
A lamp unit is provided with a projecting portion (128) on the inner wall of a lamphouse (118) in the vicinity of the arc portion (120) of a lamp (110). The lamphouse is ventilated by a fan (122) provided at one end of the lamphouse and a vent (126) provided at the other end. The inner diameter of the lamphouse at the arc portion provided with the projecting portion is smaller than that of the end portions, so that the flow velocity of the air passing through the lamphouse is higher in the vicinity of the arc portion. Even if the lamp (110) is horizontally installed, which lowers the heat dissipation efficiency, since the lamp (110) is adequately air-cooled, an extreme temperature rise is prevented. Furthermore a magnet is provided in the vicinity of the lamp to stabilize the arc of the horizontal arc lamp. As a bulb material for the lamp, quartz glass having a low transmission below 220nm is used. A cartridge (of e.g. ceramic) permits easy replacement of the lamp unit.
摘要:
A pressure control apparatus is used in an apparatus for effecting extraction, chromatographic separation, and fractionation. The pressure control apparatus is intended to reduce the amount of a fluid stagnating in a valve, and is arranged to cyclically open and close the valve, thereby controlling the level of pressure. An apparatus for effecting extraction, chromatographic separation, and fractionation is designed to perform in an on-line manner the extraction of soluble components contained in a sample as well as the separation and fractionation of the components. A chromatography is connected to a downstream side of a supercritical fluid extraction device, and the aforesaid pressure control apparatus is used as back-pressure regulators (9, 18) for the chromatography and the extraction device. An extraction fluid and an elution fluid which are used in a mobile phase may be a common fluid (Fig. 1) or separate fluids (Fig. 10). At the time of extraction, the soluble components of the sample within an extraction vessel (6) is extracted by a supercritical fluid, and is delivered to an adsorption column (14). The supercritical fluid is converted into a gas by reducing the pressure within the adsorption column and thus the solubility of the fluid is lowered so that the resultant extract is adsorbed by an adsorbent packed in this column. At the time of chromatographic separation, the pressure within the adsorption column (14) is maintained at a critical pressure or higher and thus an extract is eluted by the supercritical fluid and is delivered to a separation column (16), in which the extract is separated into individual components. Then, when the pressure within the adsorption column is reduced, the supercritical fluid is gasified and the result components are collected as fractions.
摘要:
An apparatus for measuring a semiconductor layer thickness includes a light source emitting light for measurement, an interferometer emitting interference light modulated with time by applying modulation to the light from the light source, an optical system including a light transmission member for introducing the interference light into a measurement sample comprising at least one-layer film laminated on a substrate, light receiving means receiving interference light reflected from the laminated film of the sample, means for extracting only a film interference component from the reflected interference light and means for calculating a thickness of the laminated film from an interference intensity waveform of the film interference component. The receiving means comprises a plurality of photodetectors having respective photometric wavenumber ranges some parts of which are overlapped with each other. Thereby, a wavenumber range of the sum of the respective wavenumber ranges of the respective components is obtained as a whole wavenumber range and an optical measurement can be realized in a wide wavenumber range which could not be measured with a single material in each component.