摘要:
A process for operating a combustion engine (300) which comprises the steps of converting a fuel precursor containing hydrogen to produce substantial amounts of engine-fuel containing free hydrogen and combusting substantial amounts of engine-fuel as a stratified-charge fuel within each combustion chamber of the engine (300). Waste energy resources selected from the group including engine-cooling-system heat (14), exhaust-gas heat (22), and stopping energy (380), are utilized to produce engine-fuel from feedstocks selected from the group (of Equations 1-14) including fuel alcohols, phenols, ammonia, ammonium compounds, gasoline, diesel fuel, cyanoacetic acid, cyanocarbons, carbon, and water. Fuel delivery is preferably as a stratified charge by instrumented fuel injector (40) to the combustion chamber during compression conditions of engine operations (by engine 300) and when this is not practical as a result of fuel pressure loss due to storage depletion or fuel pressurization system failure, fuel delivery during intake conditions of the combustion chamber are practiced.
摘要:
A method and apparatus for extruding a radiant energy heat exchanging panel structure having a multiplicity of parallel passages extending longitudinally therethrough defined by a multiplicity of longitudinally extending integrally interconnected exterior and interior thin wall sections, in which the temperature of the plastic material moving longitudinally away from the extrusion outlet is reduced by flowing fluid into said passages and on the exterior sides thereof, by contacting the exterior sides with pairs of cooled rollers, by rolling a liquid medium upon the operative exterior side, and by flowing a liquid spray thereon to provide a radiation absorbing coating on the exterior side of the panel structure opposite from the operative side thereof. Certain of the flowing fluids are reactant fluids which chemically react with the hot plastic material or condense thereupon to form molecular coatings thereon enhancing the properties thereof as a panel structure.
摘要:
A combined fuel injection and spark ignition device (40) adapted to be received in an opening to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine for injection of fuel into the chamber, the device comprising a passageway (60) through which fuel may pass to enter the chamber, the passageway (60) incorporating valve means (48, 56, 58) to control flow of fuel therethrough and terminating in an electrically conductive nozzle (70) associated with means (82) shaped to deliver injected fuel as a coniform layer (80) directed along the longest possible path before intersecting a surface of the combustion chamber, the device further comprising means (68, 70, 82, 84) for effecting spark ignition of the coniform fuel spray substantially at the location of its injection into the chamber.
摘要:
Anaerobically decomposed organic materials such as landfill material or sewage sludge are treated by passage of an electric current therethrough in order to enhance production of hydrogen, suppress formation of methane and decrease the time required to process such materials. A process and apparatus for separation of carbon dioxide from other gaseous material produced by decomposition of organic material are also disclosed.
摘要:
A combined fuel injection and spark ignition device (40) adapted to be received in an opening to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine for injection of fuel into the chamber, the device comprising a passageway (60) through which fuel may pass to enter the chamber, the passageway (60) incorporating valve means (48, 56, 58) to control flow of fuel therethrough and terminating in an electrically conductive nozzle (70) associated with means (82) shaped to deliver injected fuel as a coniform layer (80) directed along the longest possible path before intersecting a surface of the combustion chamber, the device further comprising means (68, 70, 82, 84) for effecting spark ignition of the coniform fuel spray substantially at the location of its injection into the chamber.
摘要:
Anaerobically decomposed organic materials such as landfill material or sewage sludge are treated by passage of an electric current therethrough in order to enhance production of hydrogen, suppress formation of methane and decrease the time required to process such materials. A process and apparatus for separation of carbon dioxide from other gaseous material produced by decomposition of organic material are also disclosed.