摘要:
The invention relates to a method for effecting improved power control of brushless direct current motors: BLDC motors). The time difference between two successive zero crossings (TN1, TN2), reversal of direction of the induced voltage of a motor coil, through which voltage is not flowing, of two motor phases is measured. This time difference serves as a measure for the directly following commutation instant of the temporally following motor phase according to a simple algorithm. An influencing ensues in this manner before each switching into the subsequent state. The points in time of the respective zero crossings (TN1, TN2) are load-dependent, and a switching based on an algorithm matched thereto is thus able to immediately react even to erratic changes in load.
摘要:
The aim of the invention is to configure a photodetector (10) such that no disadvantages are created for processing low luminous intensities in detectors known in prior art, especially when monolithically integrating the evaluation electronics. Said aim is achieved by a photodetector for processing low luminous intensities, comprising a monolithically integrated transimpedance amplifier and monolithically integrated evaluation electronics. An actual photocell component (20) is assigned to the chip face onto which the light preferably falls. Electronic circuit components (30) are arranged on the opposite chip face. Electrical connections (40) between the photocell and the electronic circuit are provided with an extension in the direction running perpendicular to the chip normal.
摘要:
The aim of the invention is to configure a photodetector (10) such that no disadvantages are created for processing low luminous intensities in detectors known in prior art, especially when monolithically integrating the evaluation electronics. Said aim is achieved by a photodetector for processing low luminous intensities, comprising a monolithically integrated transimpedance amplifier and monolithically integrated evaluation electronics. An actual photocell component (20) is assigned to the chip face onto which the light preferably falls. Electronic circuit components (30) are arranged on the opposite chip face. Electrical connections (40) between the photocell and the electronic circuit are provided with an extension in the direction running perpendicular to the chip normal.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for detecting properties of a digital-analog mixed signal system (1) by formally verifying a digital substitution system (20). Component parameters and environment parameters are depicted as additional signals in the digital substitution model (substitution model, 20) for the analog components, and the analog part of the system is divided (90) into time-independent and linear time-dependent subsystems. The time-independent subsystems are regarded as stateless and are converted by combinatorial logic and the linear time-dependent subsystems for time-discretization while being substituted by finite automations. Despite the digitizing errors, it is possible to reliably draw conclusions about the original system from the verification results of the substitution model. The properties of the digital-analog mixed signal system (1) that are to be detected are enhanced for the analog components in such a manner that, in all occurring values of digitizing errors, these properties in the digital substitution model are only fulfilled once the digital-analog mixed signal system (1) also fulfills these properties by limiting (92) the permitted range of values for analog signals is limited (92) to twice the amount of the maximum digitizing error.
摘要:
The invention relates to an optical fiber receiver (11) for optoelectronic integrated circuits (OEIC's) having an improved sensitivity and improved bandwidth. The improvements are achieved by subdividing the photodiodes into partial photodiodes (D1, D2), whereby each partial photodiode is connected to a respective transimpedance amplifier (20, 21), and the output signals of the individual transimpedance amplifiers are added inside a summation amplifier (30). The optical fiber receiver can be produced using different technologies: CMOS, BICMOS, BIPOLAR.
摘要:
The invention relates to an optical fiber receiver (11) for optoelectronic integrated circuits (OEIC's) having an improved sensitivity and improved bandwidth. The improvements are achieved by subdividing the photodiodes into partial photodiodes (D1, D2), whereby each partial photodiode is connected to a respective transimpedance amplifier (20, 21), and the output signals of the individual transimpedance amplifiers are added inside a summation amplifier (30). The optical fiber receiver can be produced using different technologies: CMOS, BICMOS, BIPOLAR.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for noise rejection by means of a performance-adjustable bandpass filter in a receiver circuit, for carrier-modulated received signals Sin, whereby the bandpass-filtered received signal Bout is demodulated and the demodulated received signal Dout is used to start a switching process. Conventional receiver circuits, however, have the disadvantage that, due to the small dimensions of the circuit surface area, disturbances, for example, in the form of oscillator variations due to capacitive coupling, are caused as a result of switching processes in the output region of the receiver, in particular, due to power transistors. Said disturbances cannot be eliminated by an amplifier control provided in the circuit. According to the invention, said internal disturbances may be removed whereby a power reduction in the bandpass filter is correlated with the switching process which causes the disturbance. The above circuit is suitable above all for the construction of circuits for infra-red receivers, which can thus be produced small, without external components and hence economically.
摘要:
The driving system for a tri-polar electric motor (100) comprises three phase windings (101u-1O1w). The winding drivers (102u-102w) drive each winding 101u-101w with a driving waveform (200) of the type shown in figure 2. The driving waveform (200) has a non-zero driving phase and intervals wherein the input is equal to zero at the start, middle and end of each driving phase. Using a driving waveform (200) of this type enables monitoring of the back EMF in the winding during each interval when the input is equal to zero. This enables regular monitoring of the zero crossing point of each winding (101u-101w) and hence of the position of the rotor. This enables the motor to operate efficiently without generating a torque ripple.
摘要:
Schaltungsanordnung eines dem USB-Standard entsprechenden in CMOS-NWELL-Technologie herstellbaren Low-Speed-Treibers für einen PC-Bos. Ein Schaltungsteil ermittelt die Flankensteilheit der Datenleitung mit der fallenden Flanke und regelt diese. Eine weitere Teilschaltung versetzt die Regelung beschleunigt in den Arbeitszustand. Aus dem Ergebnis der Regelung der Datenleitung mit fallender Flanke wird die Information zur Steuerung der Datenleitung mit steigender Flanke gewonnen. Die durch die Außenbeschaltung erzeugte Unsymmetrie des USB wir durch angepaßte Übertragung der Regelströme ausgeglichen.