摘要:
The invention provides a process for the preparation of gas-containing vesicles wherein a mixture of gas, liquid and vesicle membrane forming material is passed through a zone in which it is subject to shear forces exerted by surfaces moving relative to each other at a speed of at least 20 m/s.
摘要:
In a small animal surgery suite, a ventilation system (20) is provided to reduce the amount of anaesthetic released. The ventilation system has at least one inlet (40, 88) which is connected to an exhaust and positioned close to where anaesthetic is released. Where the anaesthetic is released from an induction station (12), where animals are initially anaesthetized, the inlet can be provided above the station. Where the anaesthetic is released from a breathing station (14), where the animals are operated on, the inlet can be provided next to the part of the breathing station (80) into which the animal's nose is inserted.
摘要:
A method of interventional or intraoperative MRI wherein an invasive device is inserted into the vasculature of a human or non human animal (e.g. mammalian, avian or reptilian) body or through vascularised tissue in said body and an MR image of at least a part of said body containing said device is generated, the improvement comprising administering a contrast agent into the vasculature of said body either by direct injection of the contrast agent through said device or by i.v. injection of the contrast agent directly into the patient whereby to facilitate visualisation of said device in said image.
摘要:
The present invention provides a process for the preparation of an MR contrast agent, said process comprising: i) obtaining a solution in a solvent of a hydrogenatable, unsaturated substrate compound and a catalyst for the hydrogenation of said substrate compound; ii) introducing said solution in droplet form into a chamber containing hydrogen gas (H2) enriched in para-hydrogen (p-1H2) and/or ortho-deuterium (o-2H2) whereby to hydrogenate said substrate to form a hydrogenated imaging agent; iii) optionally subjecting said hydrogenated imaging agent to a magnetic field having a field strength below earth's ambient field strength; iv) optionally dissolving said imaging agent in an aqueous medium; v) optionally separating said catalyst from the solution of said imaging agent in said aqueous medium; vi) optionally separating said solvent from the solution of said imaging agent in said aqueous medium; and vii) optionally freezing the solution of said imaging agent in said aqueous medium.
摘要:
A process for preparing 5-amino-N,N'-bis(R)isophthalamides, where A is 2,3-dihydroxypropyl or 1,3-dihydroxyisopropyl, useful as intermediates in preparing iodinated diagnostic agents, which comprises reacting a di-lower-alkyl 5-nitroisophthalate with a compound of the formula RNH2 in the presence of a basic catalyst and without isolating the intermediate 5-nitro-N,N'-bis(R)isophthalamide, catalytically hydrogenating the latter.
摘要:
A method of contrast agent-enhanced imaging involving induction of vasomodification, e.g. by physical or pharmacological means, in which pre- and post-vasomodification images in respect of free-flowing contrast or tracer agent in a substantially steady state distribution are recorded as part of a single imaging sequence and are compared to identify any local variations resulting from changes in vascular volume caused by the vasomodification. Imaging techniques which may be employed include ultrasound imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, X-ray imaging and nuclear tracer techniques such as scintigraphy.
摘要:
A package (10) comprises a plastic bottle (20), a stopper (40) removably inserted into the mouth of the bottle, and a plastic cap (50). The cap has a cover member (52) which overlies the stopper and has a region (66) which is removable to expose the upper surface of the stopper to allow piercing thereof by a needle or the like. The removable region is provided with a pull-ring (68) protected from accidental operation by an annular wall (60) projecting upwardly from the edge of the cover member (52).
摘要:
The invention provides a process for the preparation of a 2,4,6-triiodinated or 2,4,6,2',4',6'-hexaiodinated 3,5-disubstituted-aniline or 3,3'-disubstituted-5,5'-linked bisaniline, which process comprises electrochemically iodinating a 3,5-disubstituted-aniline or a 3,3'-disubstituted-5,5'-linked bisaniline in an acidic solvent which comprises water and optionally at least one water-miscible organic solvent.
摘要:
Contrast agents comprising microbubble-generating carbohydrate microparticles having a surfactant admixed within the microparticulate structure (with the proviso that the surfactant is not a saturated C 10-20 fatty acid when the microparticulate carbohydrate is galactose) exhibit useful levels of contrast efficiency and/or stability and may be used in diagnostic applications such as ultrasound and MR imaging.
摘要:
A process for the crystallisation of a sterically hindered organic compound from a saturated or supersaturated solution of said compound in a solvent therefor, characterised in that crystallisation is effected under elevated pressure at a temperature above the boiling point of said solution at atmospheric pressure an up to the boiling point of said solution at said elevated pressure.