摘要:
A plasma bridge neutraliser (10) comprising: a cathode (2); an anode (1) configured to be arranged annularly with respect to the cathode and spaced therefrom; means to cause electrons to be generated by the cathode by glow discharge; and an extraction plate (3) having at least one aperture (25) therein through which the generated electrons can, in use, be extracted.
摘要:
An apparatus (200) for accelerating an ion beam comprising: a) a first electrode (202) having a proximal side and a distal side and having at least one aperture (201) therethrough, the wall of the aperture being shaped such that the radius of the aperture on the distal side of the first electrode is greater than that on the proximal side of the electrode; b) a second electrode (204) located such that it is adjacent to but spaced from the distal side of the first electrode and having at least one aperture therethrough; and c) a third electrode (206) located such that it is adjacent to and spaced from the second electrode and having at least one aperture therethrough, said at least one apertures in each electrode being aligned with corresponding apertures in the other electrodes; wherein the electrodes are arranged such that there is a potential difference between the first and second electrodes and a potential difference between the second and third electrodes.
摘要:
A vacuum sputtering apparatus (1) includes an ion gun (3) whose ion extraction system (5) includes an accelerator grid (22) connected to a d.c. voltage supply (21). The plasma in the ion gun (3) is generated by r.f. power delivered by an r.f. coil (6) and forms a beam of ions (8) which is projected towards a target (9) from which material is sputtered on to a substrate (12). Magnets (7) trap adjacent the wall of the plasma generation chamber (4) electrons released as a result of plasma formation. An r.f. power supply (32) supplies r.f. power to the r.f. coil (6). A control circuit includes components (23, 30; 23, 30, 38, 39, 40, 41) arranged to derive from the current flowing from the d.c. voltage supply (21) to the accelerator grid (22) a control signal for controlling the r.f power supply means (32). This control signal can be supplied to a computer (31) which carries out fast accelerator grid current/time integration or fast accelerator grid power/time integration, to determine the rate of deposition of sputtered material upon the substrate (12). Alternatively the control signal can be fed into the r.f. power supply means (32) for direct closed loop accelerator grid current or grid power control.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a low energy ion gun (3; 103) for use in ion beam processing comprising: a plasma chamber (5) comprising an open ended, conductive, non-magnetic body, a first end of which is closed by a flat or minimally dished dielectric member and with electrodes (6) at a second end thereof opposite the first end; primary magnet means (16) arranged around the body for trapping electrons adjacent the wall of the plasma chamber in use of the ion gun and an r.f. induction device including a substantially flat coil (12) which lies adjacent to the dielectric member for inductively generating a plasma in the plasma chamber, characterised in that the electrodes include a first multi-aperture grid (29; 127) arranged for connection to a first positive potential source and positioned to contact the plasma in the plasma chamber; a second multi-aperture grid (29a; 128) arranged for connection to a second potential source of lower potential than the first source so as to produce a first acceleration field for accelerating ions towards and through the second grid; and a third multi-aperture grid (30; 129) arranged for connection to a third potential source of lower potential than the second potential source so as to produce a second acceleration field for accelerating ions towards and through the third grid, the apertures of the first, second and third grids being aligned so that particles emerging from an aperture of the first grid are accelerated through a corresponding aperture of the second grid and then through a corresponding aperture of the third grid in the form of a beamlet, a plurality of beamlets from the third grid forming a beam downstream of the third grid.
摘要:
A vacuum sputtering apparatus (1) is described in which a target (7) having a target face (8) is mounted in a vacuum chamber (2) opposite a substrate (15). A magnetic pole plate (16) having a non-magnetic carrier plate (17) attached thereto is mounted behind the target (7) on a shaft (28) and can be rotated by means of a motor (29) about an axis substantially orthogonal to the target face (8). Carrier plate (17) has an array of holes (19) each of which can receive a corresponding first bar magnet (20, 21). There are fewer magnets (20, 21) than there are holes (19) and the magnets (20, 21) are removable from their holes (19). Carrier plate (17) also has a circumferential line of holes (22), in each of which may be mounted a corresponding second bar magnet (23). By varying the number and positions of the bar magnets (20, 21, 23) in the holes (19, 22) a variety of different high density plasma zone shapes (24; 25, 26; 27; 28) can be produced upon the target face (8). Conveniently, the bar magnets (20, 21, 23) are round in section but can alternatively be of square or hexagonal section, if desired.
摘要:
A vacuum sputterring apparatus capable of depositing a plurality of thin film layers on a substrate, the apparatus comprising: a vacuum chamber (1) having gas inlet means and gas evacuation means; a substrate support table (2) arranged to be rotatable about at least one axis perpendicular to the plane of the table; means for rotating the substrate support table about said at least one axis; a plurality of sputtering targets (5) spaced around the walls of the chamber, each sputtering target having electrode means associated therewith; and means for altering the position of the substrate support table relative to each one of the plurality of sputtering targets (4) such that in use a substrate placed on the substrate support table may have a film deposited thereon of atoms sputtered from at least one of the said plurality of targets and subsequently, following alteration of the position of the substrate support table, have at least one further film deposited thereon by exposure to atoms form at least one other of said plurality of targets. A method of depositing multi-layer materials on a substrate and a method of controlling stoichiometry of deposited alloys are also provided.
摘要:
Apparatus for the production of a charged particle beam, comprising: an ion source plasma chamber (104), having a door (106), and an accelerator (102) mounted on the face of the door remote from the ion source plasma chamber.