Abstract:
An improved method of transporting materials or products for chilling or freezing comprising the use of a multi-tiered, spiral path conveyor belt capable of tight radial turning in a restricted area to immerse the materials or products into a tank containing a cooling fluid and circulating the cooling fluid past the material or product is presented. The materials or products may or may not undergo chemical preparation prior to immersion, depending on the type of materials or products to be chilled or frozen. The cooling fluid, which can be food-grade solute, is circulated past the material at a substantially constant predetermined velocity and temperature to freeze the material or product. The cooling fluid is preferably between -20 degrees centigrade and -30 degrees centigrade, and the velocity of the cooling fluid past the material is about 35 liters per minute per foot of cooling fluid through an area not greater than about 24 inches wide and 48 inches deep. Alternatively, the speed of the multi-tiered, spiral path conveyor belt can be adjusted to increase or decrease the rate of immersion of the materials or products into the cooling fluid. All components of the multi-tiered, spiral path conveyor belt can be constructed of food-grade plastics.
Abstract:
Embodiments of the present invention disclose methods for producing pre-conditioned solutes that exhibit no temperature spike during super-cooling in a cryogenic process. In addition, the solutes demonstrate utile capabilities and characteristics such as more efficient heat absorption rates and eutectic material properties which make the pre-conditioned solutes an efficient heat exchange medium. The methods involve super-cooling a solute to induce a long-duration phase change capability. The pre-conditioned solute may be thawed and will retain long-duration phase change capabilities for subsequent freezing cycles if the freezing protocols disclosed herein are followed. Material to be frozen may be directly immersed into pre-conditioned, super-cooled solutes for freezing. The solute may be propylene glycol, glycerol, or other suitable solutes.
Abstract:
Viable biological material is cryogenically preserved (cryopreservation) by preparing the material for freezing, immersing the material in a tank of cooling fluid, and circulating the cooling fluid past the material at a substantially constant predetermined velocity and temperature to freeze the material. A method according to the present invention freezes the biologic material quickly enough to avoid the formation of ice crystals within cell structures (vitrification). The temperature of the cooling fluid is preferably between -20 °C and -30 °C, which is warm enough to minimize the formation of stress fractures in cell membranes due to thermal changes. Cells frozen using a method according to the present invention have been shown to have approximately an 80 percent survival rate, which is significantly higher than other cryopreservation methods.
Abstract:
A cooling method for controlled high speed chilling or freezing is disclosed. Cooling fluid is circulated by a submersed circulator, such as a motor, at a substantially constant velocity past a substance to be cooled. The velocity of fluid flow is maintained despite changes in the viscosity of the cooling fluid, by either increasing or decreasing the amount of torque supplied by the motor. The cooling fluid is cooled to a desired temperature by circulating the fluid past a multi-path heat exchanging coil connected to a refrigeration system. An optimal cooing fluid temperature for a variety of applications is in the range of about -24 °C to -26 °C, resulting in significant efficiency gains over conventional cooling processes.