摘要:
αvβ3 Integrin receptor targeting liposomes comprise a cationic amphiphile such as a cationic lipid, a neutral lipid, and a targeting lipid. The targeting lipid includes a non-peptidic αvβ3 integrin antagonist.
摘要:
Nucleophilic oxygen species, such as primary alcohols, carboxylates, and water, are added to vinyl epoxides in a highly regioselective and enantioselective manner, providing a convenient route to enantiomerically enriched 2,2-diols and oxygen-containing heterocycles. The reaction employs a chireal Pd(0) complex and a borane or borate as co-catalysts. Also described are similar additions of nitrogen nucleophils, and the addition of carbonates to vinyl epoxides using a chiral Pd(0) catalyst.
摘要:
A cavity ring-down system for performing cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) using optical heterodyne detection of a ring-down wave E RD during a ring-down phase or a ring-up wave E RU during a ring up phase. The system sends a local oscillator wave E LO and a signal wave E SIGNAL to the cavity, preferably a ring resonator, and derives an interference signal from the combined local oscillator wave E LO and the ring-down wave E RD (or ring-up wave E RU ). The local oscillator wave E LO has a first polarization and the ring-down wave E RD has a second polarization different from the first polarization. The system has a combining arrangement for combining or overlapping local oscillator wave E LO and the ring-down wave E RD at a photodetector, which receives the interference signal and generates a heterodyne current I H therefrom. Frequency and phase difference between the waves are adjustable.
摘要:
Imaging of patients, intervention devices (48) by MRI systems can be achieved using a combination of view angle tilting, and magnetization manipulation. In one embodiment the volume elements (20, 21) appear to be disconnected (27) in the MRI image. The gap (27) provides contrast between the device (48), and the patient. This method allows the contrast of device (48) to be increased or decreased.
摘要:
Methods and devices for preventing a change in the core body temperature of a mammal under cold conditions are provided. In the subject methods, a requirement for thermal energy input in said mammal is first detected. In response to the detection of this requirement for thermal energy input, a surface of a portion of the mammal is contacted with a warm temperature medium under negative pressure conditions for a period of time sufficient to introduce thermal energy into the core body of the mammal. The subject devices include at least a means for detecting a requirement for thermal energy input and a means for contacting a surface of a mammal with a warm temperature medium under negative pressure conditions (104). The subject methods and devices find use in a variety of applications, and are particularly suited for use in maintaining the core body temperature of a mammal substantially under cold conditions for an extended period of time.
摘要:
A method of forming an adhesive force includes removing a seta from a living specimen, attaching the seta to a substrate, and applying the seta to a surface so as to establish an adhesive force between the substrate and the surface. The seta is applied to the surface with a force perpendicular to the surface. The seta is then pulled with a force parallel to the surface so as to preload the adhesive force of the seta.
摘要:
The use of enzymes which catalyze the production of starter and extender units for polyketides is described. These enzymes may be used to enhance the yield of polyketides that are natively produced or polyketides that are rationally designed. By using these techniques, the synthesis of a complete polyketide has been achieved in E. coli. This achievement permits a host organism with desirable characteristics to be used in the production of such polyketides and to assess the results of gene shuffling.
摘要:
This invention relates to the field of muscular dystrophy and methods for its treatment in humans. This invention also concerns art-recognized animal models of Duchenne muscular dystrophy in dogs (GRMD) and mice mdx Another aspect concerns chimeric mutational vector7 capable of inducing reversion of generic mutations (i.e., gene repair) causing genetic disease by direct injection into affected tissue. Thus, more generally, the invention envisions direct injection of chimeric mutational vectors into affected tissues to effect gene repair therein.
摘要:
Disclosed herein is a system for rapidly resolving position with centimeter-level accuracy for a mobile or stationary receiver (4). This is achieved by estimating a set of parameters that are related to the integer cycle ambiguities which arise in tracking the carrier phase of satellite downlinks (5, 6). In the preferred embodiment, the technique involves a navigation receiver (4) simultaneously tracking transmissions (6) from Low Earth Orbit Satellites (LEOS) (2) together with transmissions (5) from GPS navigation satellites (1). The rapid change in the line-of-sight vectors from the receiver (4) to the LEO signal sources (2), due to the orbital motion of the LEOS, enables the resolution with integrity of the integer cycle ambiguities of the GPS signals (5) as well as parameters related to the integer cycle ambiguity on the LEOS signals (6). These parameters, once identified, enable real-time centimeter-level positioning of the receiver (4).
摘要:
Parallel hybridization analysis is used to detection and analyze allelic variation between two closely related genomic nucleic acid samples. Nucleic acid samples from both sources are cleaved to generate short fragments. The fragments are end-labeled, and then hybridized to a high density oligonucleotide array. Hybridization patterns for the two samples are detected, normalized and compared. Those positions on the array that correspond to sequences with allelic variation between the two samples show decreased hybridization efficiency for one of the samples relative to the other. A map of allelic variation can be generated with this information, and used for genetic linkage analysis, determination of chromosomal regions having low diversity or high diversity, forensic studies, etc.