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公开(公告)号：EP2188314A1
公开(公告)日：2010-05-26
申请号：EP08788750.1
申请日：2008-09-03
摘要： A process is described for the preparation of water-soluble cellulose hydrolysis products, which comprises admixing cellulose with an ionic liquid capable of solvating or dissolving at least some of the cellulose, said ionic liquid being a compound comprised solely of cations and anions and which exists in a liquid state at a temperature at or below 15O °C, the cations in said ionic liquid having the general formula (I), in which Z represents a nitrogen or phosphorus atom, R1 represents a methyl or ethyl group, each of R2 and R3, which may be the same or different, is selected from C4-3alkyl, optionally-substituted benzyl, optionally-substituted phenyl, and C5-7 cycloalkyl, and R4 represents C1-8 alkyl, optionally-substituted benzyl, optionally-substituted phenyl or C5-7cyclohexyl; in which the optional substituents on a benzyl or phenyl ring are one, two or three substituents selected from C1-4alkyl or alkoxy groups, halogen atoms and nitro groups; and treating the resulting solvate or solution with an acid in the presence of water, said acid having a pKa in water of less than 2 at 25°C.
摘要翻译： 描述了用于制备水溶性纤维素水解产物的方法，其包括将纤维素与能够溶解或溶解至少一些纤维素的离子液体混合，所述离子液体是仅由阳离子和阴离子组成的化合物，并且存在 在150℃或低于150℃的温度下以液态存在时，所述离子液体中具有通式（I）的阳离子，其中Z代表氮或磷原子，R 1代表甲基或乙基，R 2和 R3可以相同或不同，选自C4-3烷基，任选取代的苄基，任选取代的苯基和C5-7环烷基，R4代表C1-8烷基，任选取代的苄基，任选取代的苯基 或C5-7环己基; 其中苄基或苯环上的任选取代基是1,2或3个选自C 1-4烷基或烷氧基，卤素原子和硝基的取代基; 和在水存在下用酸处理所得溶剂化物或溶液，所述酸在25℃下在水中具有小于2的pKa。
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公开(公告)号：EP2033974A1
公开(公告)日：2009-03-11
申请号：EP07253520.6
申请日：2007-09-06
摘要： A process is described for the preparation of water-soluble cellulose hydrolysis products, which comprises admixing cellulose with an ionic liquid capable of solvating or dissolving at least some of the cellulose, said ionic liquid being a compound comprised solely of cations and anions and which exists in a liquid state at a temperature at or below 150°C, the cations in said ionic liquid having the general formula:
in which Z represents a nitrogen or phosphorus atom, R 1 represents a methyl or ethyl group, each of R 2 and R 3 , which may be the same or different, is selected from C 4-8 alkyl, optionally-substituted benzyl, optionally-substituted phenyl, and C 5-7 cycloalkyl, and R 4 represents C 1-8 alkyl, optionally-substituted benzyl, optionally-substituted phenyl or C 5-7 cyclohexyl; in which the optional substituents on a benzyl or phenyl ring are one, two or three substituents selected from C 1-4 alkyl or alkoxy groups, halogen atoms and nitro groups; and treating the resulting solvate or solution with an acid in the presence of water, said acid having a pKa in water of less than 2 at 25°C.摘要翻译： 描述了用于制备水溶性纤维素水解产物的方法，其包括将纤维素与能够溶解或溶解至少一些纤维素的离子液体混合，所述离子液体是仅由阳离子和阴离子组成的化合物，其存在 在等于或低于150℃的液态下，所述离子液体中的阳离子具有以下通式：其中Z表示氮或磷原子，R 1表示甲基或乙基，R 2和R 3可以相同或不同，选自C 4-8烷基，任选取代的苄基，任选取代的苯基和C 5-7环烷基，R 4表示C 1-8烷基，任选取代的苄基 ，任选取代的苯基或C 5-7环己基; 其中苄基或苯环上任选的取代基是一个，两个或三个选自C 1-4烷基或烷氧基，卤素原子和硝基的取代基; 并在酸存在下用酸处理得到的溶剂化物或溶液，所述酸在25℃下的水中pKa小于2。
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3.发明公开
公开(公告)号：EP2013975A1
公开(公告)日：2009-01-14
申请号：EP07732413.5
申请日：2007-04-13
发明人： SEZER, Sakir , TOAL, Ciaran
IPC分类号： H03M13/09
CPC分类号： H03M13/091 , H03M13/6516 , H03M13/6575 , H04L1/0041 , H04L1/0061
摘要： An apparatus (1) for implementing a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) error detection methodology to compute a CRC error detection code for data according to the methodology, comprising computation means (2) which uses parallel computation (4) to compute the CRC error detection code, and configurator means (3) which uses the CRC error detection methodology to determine a configuration of the computation means required to compute the CRC error detection code, and configures (25) the computation means accordingly, wherein the configurator means is able to use each of a plurality of CRC error detection methodologies to determine a configuration of the computation means required for parallel computation of a CRC error detection code according to each of the methodologies, and the computation means is configurable to allow configuration thereof for parallel computation of each CRC error detection code.
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公开(公告)号：EP1866086A1
公开(公告)日：2007-12-19
申请号：EP06709909.3
申请日：2006-02-27
CPC分类号： B01J31/0279 , B01J31/0282 , B01J31/0284 , B01J31/0288 , B01J2231/49 , C07C67/03 , C11C3/003 , C11C3/10 , Y02E50/13 , Y02P20/542 , C07C69/24 , C07C69/52
摘要： Use of ionic liquids in the production of bio-diesel, wherein the ionic liquid is both a solvent and catalyst, and is stable under reaction conditions.
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公开(公告)号：EP1861896A1
公开(公告)日：2007-12-05
申请号：EP06726400.2
申请日：2006-03-16
IPC分类号： H01Q15/00
CPC分类号： H01Q15/004 , Y10T29/49016
摘要： A freestanding frequency selective surface (FSS) is provided which comprises at least one shorted resonance aperture element (12) . The shorted resonance aperture element provides a sensitivity to polarisation. The shorted resonance aperture element may comprise at least one short, which may enable the FSS to be freestanding. The invention further provides an FSS device comprising at least one array of the freestanding frequency selective surfaces, and a method of forming the freestanding frequency selective surfaces .
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公开(公告)号：EP1226228B1
公开(公告)日：2010-04-14
申请号：EP00973025.0
申请日：2000-11-02
发明人： NELSON, John , GAMBLE, Harold , CAMPBELL, Denis
CPC分类号： G01N33/5029 , G01N33/54373
摘要： The invention relates to a device for use in investigating and measuring migratory and invasive behaviour of cells and in the investigating of potential drugs and for clonal selection of cells from a mixed population. The device comprises a planar member such as a silicon wafer defining passageway(s) for cell movement where changes in physical parameters can be detected by means such as conductors.
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公开(公告)号：EP2080143A2
公开(公告)日：2009-07-22
申请号：EP07824087.6
申请日：2007-10-10
发明人： SEZER, Sakir
IPC分类号： G06F21/00
CPC分类号： G06F21/564
摘要： A method of detecting patterns in a plurality of data blocks, comprising generating a first database comprising a first subset of patterns of a set of selected patterns, generating a second database comprising a second subset of remaining patterns of the set of selected patterns, receiving the plurality of data blocks, and, for each data block, using the data, block and a hash function to generate a key, using the key to search the first database, locating an entry of the first database corresponding to the key, reading the content of the entry which comprises zero or a selected pattern that generates the key, if the content of the entry comprises zero, determining that the data block does not comprise a selected pattern, and outputting a first output indicating that the data block does not comprise a selected pattern.
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公开(公告)号：EP2032723A2
公开(公告)日：2009-03-11
申请号：EP07732880.5
申请日：2007-05-18
CPC分类号： C08B1/003 , C08B15/00 , C13K1/02 , Y02E50/16 , Y10T428/31772 , Y10T428/31971
摘要： A process for the preparation of water-soluble cellulose hydrolysis products, which comprises admixing cellulose with an ionic liquid in which the cellulose has at least some solubility, said ionic liquid being a compound comprised solely of cations and anions and which exists in a liquid state at a temperature at or below 150°C; and treating the resulting solution with an acid in the presence of water, said acid having a pKa in water of less than 2 at 25°C.
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公开(公告)号：EP1872372A1
公开(公告)日：2008-01-02
申请号：EP06723362.7
申请日：2006-03-10
申请人： Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf , Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique , Ecole Polytechnique , The Queens University of Belfast , Université Pierre et Marie Curie
发明人： WILLI, Oswald , FUCHS, Julien , BORGHESI, Marco , TONCIAN, Toma
CPC分类号： G21K1/087 , A61N2005/1087
摘要： The invention relates to a system for focussing and/or for collimating an ion beam (7, 10), particularly of a beam of accelerated protons (7, 10). To this end, the system has a lens with a lens body (8) that can be passed through by the ion beam. Means are provided for generating an, in particular, electrostatic field, which propagates inside the lens body and which focuses the ion beam. The lens body has a wall of a small thickness. The field-generating means have a source for electromagnetic radiation, i.e. a laser, whose emitted beam (9) is oriented toward the outside of the wall of the lens body. The thickness of the wall and the quality of the electromagnetic radiation is selected in such a manner that the radiation generates free electrons, which exit the wall and accumulate in an electron cloud on the exit side of the wall.
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公开(公告)号：EP2222608A1
公开(公告)日：2010-09-01
申请号：EP08865175.7
申请日：2008-12-19
发明人： GROON, Elaine , MURRAY, Simon , FERGUSON, Joel
CPC分类号： B01F3/04269 , B01D21/0045 , B01D21/0057 , B01D21/2427 , B01F2003/04404 , C02F3/208 , C02F2001/007 , C02F2101/16 , C02F2209/08 , C02F2301/022 , Y02W10/15
摘要： A process for the treatment of water comprising at least the steps of : (a) providing the water in laminar flow; and (b) providing bubblefree aeration to the water. The present invention introduces aerobic treatment into wastewater settlement without any hindrance to the settlement process. The present invention is useable for any settlement step or stage, without limitation, the commonest being primary settlement or final settling.
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