Abstract:
Disclosed are substituted 7-membered to 12-membered cycloalkanes comprising terminal groups, especially chloride atoms, on tertiary ring carbon atoms, a method for the production thereof, and the use thereof as cationic polymerization initiators, particularly for cationically polymerizing isobutene. Preferred compounds are 1,4-dichloro-1,4-dimethylcyclooctane, 1,5-dichloro-1,5-dimethylcyclooctane, and mixtures thereof. Said compounds are produced by adding hydrocarbon to adequately substituted cycloalkapolyenes.
Abstract:
Aqueous dispersions of cross-linked, tertiary ester groups containing emulsion polymerisates, (a) at least 50 wt.% of an ester, derived of a tertiary alcohol and a ethylenic unsaturated C3- to C5- carboxylic acid, (b) 0,001 to 5,0 wt.% of at least one compound, comprising at least two ethylenic unsaturated double compounds, and (c) 0 to 49,999 wt.% of at least one other monoethylenic unsaturated compound copolymerized and having an average particle size of 1000 nm at most, and water absorbent materials, obtainable by layering of a carrier material with said aqueous dispersion of a cross-linked, tertiary ester groups containing emulsion polymerisate, drying and heating of the thus treated carrier material to a temperature of at least 1400C while producing carboxyl groups from the tertiary ester groups of the emulsion polymerisate and at least partial neutralization of the carboxyl groups and the use of the water-absorbing materials as absorption means for water and aqueous liquids.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing mainly ethylenically unsaturated isobutene polymers, wherein the sum of proportions of molecules with a double bond in an α position and molecules with a double bond in a position β is increased to 75 %mol by polymerising isobutene in a liquid phase in the presence of a diluted or dispersed catalyst complex which comprises (i) an electron donor and (ii) a compound of general formula (I) Ha Meb [MFx]c, wherein Me is a metal with oxidation state m, M is an element selected from elements of the groups 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 11, 13, 14 or 15 of the periodic table according to the IUPAC notation of an element oxidation number n, a is an integer ≥1, b is an integer ≥0, x is an integer ≥2 and c is [(a+mb)/(x-n)]. The catalyst is preferably embodied in the form of HBF4 O(CH3)2. The inventive method makes it possible to obtain an isobutene polymer having a low fluorine-content even using technical C4 hydrocarbon portions as an isobutene source.
Abstract:
The invention relates to improved humidity-regulating composite materials comprising a flat carrier material, a water-soluble hygroscopic substance, and a water-absorbent polymer which is polymerised on the carrier material in the presence of the hygroscopic substance, and which contains a softening agent. The invention also relates to a method for producing said materials and to the use thereof for regulating humidity.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a solvent-stable metal catalyst having slightly co-ordinating counter anions of formula I [M(L)a(Z)b]m+ m(A-) (I), wherein M represents a transition metal of groups 3 - 12 of the periodic system, a lanthanide or a metal of groups 2 or 13 of the periodic system; L represents a solvent molecule; Z represents a mono or polycharged ligand; A- represents a slightly or non co-ordinated anion; a represents a whole number which is greater than or equal to 1; b represents a whole number which is greater than or equal to 1, whereby the total from a and b is between 4 and 8, and m represents a whole number from 1 6. The invention also relates to a method for polymerising olefinically unsaturated compounds in the presence of said catalyst and copolymers which are made of monomers comprising isobutene and at least one vinylaromatic compound which is obtained according to said inventive method.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a continuous method for treating the surface of metal strips, wherein a coating having a thickness of no more than 3 μm is applied, wherein the device used for the application is equipped with at least one IR sensor which operates using reflection geometry, faces a coated side of the strip, and is used to measure the layer thickness of the coating while the strip is moving.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a continuous method for treating the surface of metal strips, wherein a coating having a thickness of no more than 3 μm is applied, wherein the device used for the application is equipped with at least one IR sensor which operates using reflection geometry, faces a coated side of the strip, and is used to measure the layer thickness of the coating while the strip is moving.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a composition containing superabsorber and at least one alkali C 8 to C 24 alkyl sulfate as a virus-inhibiting additive as well as the use thereof in hygiene articles.