摘要:
An apparatus in accordance with the present invention may include an orthopedic implant (100) having one or more voids (110) integrated into a surface thereof. A beneficial agent may be deposited into each void, (110) and a regulator element (200) may substantially cover an open end (132) of thereof. In this manner, the regulator element (200) may regulate delivery of the beneficial agent through the open end (132) of the voids (110) over a period of time.
摘要:
An apparatus (1) for providing controlled delivery of a beneficial agent (2) is disclosed. In one embodiment, such an apparatus (1) includes a water chamber (8) and a filter to produce filtered water by removing impurities from water introduced into the water chamber. A water-transporting membrane transports filtered water from the water chamber (8) to an extraction chamber, thereby expanding the extraction chamber. The extraction chamber contains an osmagent that provides the driving force to pull the filtered water through the water-transporting membrane. As the extraction chamber expands, a dispensing chamber containing a beneficial agent (2) contracts. This causes the beneficial agent to be expelled through a port (10) in communication with the dispensing chamber. A corresponding method is also disclosed.
摘要:
A hemostatic material (100), production method, delivery method, and apparatus are disclosed. The hemostatic material (100) includes a peptide (106a) that preferentially selects exposed endothelial cells for bonding. The peptide (106a) is conjugated with a hemostatic agent (e.g., chitosan) (108a) to produce a peptide conjugated hemostatic agent (110a). The peptide conjugated hemostatic agent (110a) is suspended in a flowable delivery medium (116) that delivers the material to the endothelial cells to stop or reduce bleeding. An apparatus for delivering the hemostatic material (100) includes a conformable covering for sealing off and maintaining an internal pressure in an injury cavity, a delivery port for delivering hemostatic material (100) into the cavity, and a check valve that opens when a predetermined pressure is reached. Methods for producing the hemostatic material (100) and using the apparatus are also disclosed herein.
摘要:
A process for removing sulfur, nitrogen or metals from an oil feedstock (102) (such as heavy oil, bitumen, shale oil, etc.) The method involves reacting the oil (102) feedstock with an alkali metal (108) and a radical capping substance (106). The alkali metal (108) reacts with the metal, sulfur or nitrogen content to form one or more inorganic products and the radical capping substance (106) reacts with the carbon and hydrogen content to form a hydrocarbon phase. The inorganic products may then be separated out from the hydrocarbon phase (116).
摘要:
A battery (100) having a first electrode (104) and a second electrode (108). The first electrode (104) is made of metal and the second electrode (108) is made of an oxidized material that is capable of being electrochemically reduced by the metal of the first electrode (104). An alkali-ion conductive, substantially non-porous separator (120) is disposed between the first (104) and second electrode (108). A first electrolyte (134) contacts the first electrode (104). The first electrolyte (134) includes a solvent (154) which is non-reactive with the metal, and a salt bearing an alkali ion that may be conducted through the separator (120), wherein the salt is at least partially soluble in the solvent (120). A second electrolyte (138) is also used. The second electrolyte (138) contacts the second electrode (108). The second electrolyte (138) at least partially dissolves the salt that forms upon the oxidized material being electrochemically reduced.
摘要:
A rechargeable galvanic cell (10) that has a negative electrode material (17) made of a molten alkali metal (such as sodium or lithium). The galvanic cell (10) also includes a positive electrode active material (13) that may be sulfur or iodine. The positive electrode active material (13) may be used in conjunction with a polar solvent (14). An ion-conductive separator (15) is disposed between the polar solvent (14) and the negative electrode material (17). The positive electrode active material (13) has a specific gravity that is greater than the specific gravity of the polar solvent (14). Thus, the positive electrode active material (13) is proximate the bottom of the positive electrode compartment (11) while the polar solvent (14) is above the positive electrode active material (13). The cell (10) is designed to be operated at temperatures above the melting point of the alkali metal, but at temperatures that are lower than about 250 °C.
摘要:
A method for recovering and extracting lithium from a feed liquid (110) that may have a mixture of lithium and non-lithium salts present in the feed liquid. Salts of varying solubility are precipitated (120) out of the feed liquid (110) using water evaporation (140) or other techniques. Pure lithium hydroxide (190) is obtained using electrolysis or electro-dialysis processes (180) in combination with a lithium ion selective inorganic membrane such as LiSICON. The negative effect of sodium and potassium on the lithium ion selective inorganic membrane is reduced by reversing the polarity of the current placed across the membrane.
摘要:
A method of upgrading an oil feedstock (102) by removing heteroatoms and/or one or more heavy metals from the oil feedstock (102) composition. This method reacts the oil feedstock (102) with an alkali metal (108) and an upgradant hydrocarbon (106). The alkali metal reacts with a portion of the heteroatoms and/or one or more heavy metals to form an inorganic phase separable from the organic oil feedstock material. The upgradant hydrocarbon bonds to the oil feedstock (102) material and increases the number of carbon atoms in the product. This increase in the number of carbon atoms of the product increases the energy value of the resulting oil feedstock (116).
摘要:
A sodium-sulfur battery (100) is disclosed in one embodiment of the invention as including an anode (102) containing sodium and a cathode (104) comprising elemental sulfur. The cathode (104) may include at least one solvent selected to at least partially dissolve the elemental sulfur and Na 2 S x . A substantially non-porous sodium-ion-conductive membrane (106) is provided between the anode (102) and the cathode (104) to keep sulfur or other reactive species from migrating therebetween. In certain embodiments, the sodium-sulfur battery (100) may include a separator between the anode (102) and the non-porous sodium-ion-conductive membrane (106). This separator may prevent the sodium in the anode (102) from reacting with the non-porous sodium-ion-conductive membrane (106). In certain embodiments, the separator is a porous separator infiltrated with a sodium-ion-conductive electrolyte.