摘要:
One example disclosed in the application is an electronic data-storage device comprising one or more arrays of memory elements that each includes a data-storage medium that is switched between two different states by application of a switching-inducing force or gradient to the data-storage medium, a top control element and a bottom control element through which the switching-inducing force or gradient is applied, and a feedback signal. The data-storage device also includes an error-control-coding encoder that encodes received data and a READ/WRITE controller that writes encoded data received from the error-control-coding encoder to a number of memory elements by applying the switching-inducing force to the one or more arrays of memory elements until feedback signals indicate that the WRITE operation has completed or until the switching-inducing force or gradient has been applied for a maximum application time.
摘要:
A discrete, universal denoising method (1300) is applied to a noisy signal for which the source alphabet it typically large. The method exploits a priori information regarding expected characteristics of the signal. In particular, using characteristics of a continuous tone image such as continuity and small-scale symmetry allows definition of contect C(η) containing large numbers of image contexts having similar statistical characteristics. Use of the context classes C(η) allows extraction of more reliable indications of the characteristic of a clean signal.
摘要:
Compression and reconstruction of a digital image are both performed by accessing a plurality of color caches corresponding to different chromatic contexts (114), selecting a color cache for a pixel value being processed (118), and using information in the selected color cache to predict a value for the pixel being processed (120).
摘要:
A method of and system for denoising and decoding a noisy error correction coded signal (1108) received through a noise-introducing channel (1106) to produce a recovered signal (1126). In one embodiment, noisy message blocks (1112) are separated from noisy check blocks (1114) in the noisy error correction coded signal (1108). The noisy message blocks (1112) are denoised. Error correction decoding is performed on the denoised message blocks (1118) using the noisy check blocks (1114) to produce the recovered signal (1126).
摘要:
A method of and system for denoising and decoding a noisy error correction coded signal (1108) received through a noise-introducing channel (1106) to produce a recovered signal (1126). In one embodiment, noisy message blocks (1112) are separated from noisy check blocks (1114) in the noisy error correction coded signal (1108). The noisy message blocks (1112) are denoised. Error correction decoding is performed on the denoised message blocks (1118) using the noisy check blocks (1114) to produce the recovered signal (1126).
摘要:
Denoising such as discrete universal denoising (DUDE) that scans a noisy signal in an attempt to characterize probabilities of finding symbol values in a particular context in a clean signal can perform a rough denoising (1230) on the noisy signal and identify contexts from a roughly denoised signal. The rough denoising (1230) improves estimation of the statistical properties of the clean signal by reducing the false differentiation of contects that noise can otherwise create. Statistical information regarding occurrences of symbols in the noisy signal and corresponding contexts in the roughly denoised signal can then be used to denoise the noisy signal. The specifics of the rough denoising (1230) can be chosen based on knowledge of the noise or of clean date Alternatively, the DUDE can be used in an iterative fashion where the denoised signal produced from a prior iteration provides the contexts for the next iteration.
摘要:
One embodiment of the present invention provides a demultiplexer implemented as a nonowire crossbar (3000) or a hybrid nanowire/microscale-signal-line crossbar with resistor-like nanowire junctions. The demultiplexer of one embodiment provides demultiplexing of signals input on k microscale address lines (3003, 3004) to 2k or fewer nanowires (3006-3009), employing supplemental, internal address lines (3010, 3012) to map 2k nanowire addresses to a larger, internal, n-bit address space, where n > k. A second demultiplexer embodiment of the present invention provides demultiplexing of signals input on n microscale address lines to 2k nanowires, with n > k, using 2k, well-distributed, n-bit external addresses to access the 2k nanowires. Additional embodiments of the present invention include a method for evaluating different mappings of nanowire address to internal address-spaces of different sizes, or to evaluate mappings of nanowires to external address-spaces of different sizes, metrics for evaluating address mapping and demultiplexer designs, and demultiplexer design methods.
摘要:
A method of and system for generating reliability information (1616) for a noisy signal (1612) received through a noise-introducing channel (1606). In one embodiment, symbol-transition probabilities are determined for the noise-introducing channel (1606). Occurrences of metasymbols in the noisy signal (1612) are counted, each metasymbol providing a context for a symbol of the metasymbol. For each metasymbol occuring in the noisy signal, reliability information (1616) for each possible value of the symbol of the metasymbol is determined, the reliability information (1616) representing a proability that the value in the original signal corresponding to the symbol of the metasymbol assumed each of the possible values. In another embodiment, error correction coding may be performed by adding redundant data to an original signal prior (1600) to transmission by the noise-introducing channel (1606) and performing error correction decoding after transmission.
摘要:
A technology is provided for compressing digital discrete node data to reduce overall power consumption. Node data can be represented by a plurality of data units with a specified data width and can also be viewed as a plurality of bit planes corresponding to data at each bit position for the data units. A threshold bit position value may be selected for data units using an achievable compressibility estimate relative to an estimated energy consumption. The threshold bit position value can represent a boundary where an estimated energy consumption for compressing and transmitting a bit plane is less than an estimated energy consumption for transmitting the bit plane uncompressed. A bit plane is selected in the plurality of bit planes with a bit position value greater than the threshold bit position value. The bit plane is compressed using a compressor in the networked node.
摘要:
Methods for increasing defect tolerance and fault tolerance in systems containing interconnected components, in which a signal level is classified as belonging to one of a plurality of different, distinguishable classes based on one or more thresholds separating the signal-level classes, and defect-and-fault tolerant systems embodying the methods. An electronic-device embodiment including an array of nanowire crossbars, the nanoscale memory elements within the nanowire crossbars addressed through conventional microelectronic address lines, and a method embodiment for providing fault-tolerant interconnection interfaces with electrically distinguishable signal levels are described. In the described embodiment, in order to interconnect microelectronic address lines with the nanowire crossbars within the electronic memory, an address encoding technique is employed to generate a number of redundant, parity-check address lines to supplement a minimally required set of address signal lines needed to access the nanoscale memory elements.