Abstract:
There is provided a dissolved nitrogen concentration monitoring method that enables real-time accurate monitoring of the dissolved nitrogen concentration of a cleaning liquid without complicated operations as well as cost reduction. A dissolved oxygen concentration DO2 during ultrasonic wave irradiation is measured by a dissolved oxygen concentration meter 43. An increase amount of dissolved oxygen concentration ?DO2 is calculated by subtracting an initial dissolved oxygen concentration D0 from the measured dissolved oxygen concentration DO2. Subsequently, an approximation equation corresponding to a specific overflow rate or ultrasonic output power level is read out from a storage section 46, and the approximation equation read out from the storage section 46 is used to calculate a dissolved nitrogen concentration DN2 of mixed ultrapure water from the increase amount of dissolved oxygen concentration ?DO2.
Abstract:
A method for estimating the sulfur content in the fuel of an internal combustion engine (1) equipped with a catalyser (11); the method providing the use of a current sulfur concentration value (S old ) and the correction of said current sulfur concentration value (S old ) in order to obtain a new sulfur concentration value (S new ).
Abstract:
A method for microwave assisted chemical processes is disclosed that comprises applying sufficient microwave radiation (26) to a temperature-monitored mixture of reagents (22, 23), with at least one of the reagents (22, 23) being thermally responsive to electromagnetic radiation (26) in the microwave range, and based on the monitored temperature (21), to maintain the added reagents at or closely about a predetermined temperature while substantially avoiding thermal dilution (or before substantial thermal dilution can occur) that otherwise would have been caused by the addition of the reagents to one another.
Abstract:
In conventional Kjeldahl analysis for determining the nitrogen content of a sample, it is common practice to digest the sample in the presence of a catalyst in order to speed the analysis. The most widely used catalyst is mercuric oxide. While the use of this catalyst gives acceptable results, it is now evident that the environmental and health hazards connected with mercury compounds makes it desirable to avoid the use of large quantities of such compounds. It has now been found that an antimonate, preferably potassium antimonate. may be used as the catalyst to give acceptable results while avoiding the above-mentioned problems. Accordingly, the present invention provides, inter alia, a process for the determination of the nitrogen content of a sample according to the Kjeldahl principle using a catalyst. characterised in that the catalyst is an antimonate. The present invention also relates to such a catalyst and to the use thereof in such a process.
Abstract:
[PROBLEMS] To measure total organic carbon without influence of nitrogen components. [MEANS FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS] Total organic carbon is determined by (1) adjusting the hydrogen ion concentration of a sample water to pH 4 to 6, (2) decomposing the organic substances contained in the sample water into carbon dioxide through oxidation and decomposing the nitrogen compounds into nitrous acid through oxidation, (3) making the carbon dioxide permeate into water for measurement via a gas permeation section (5a), and (4) determining the electric conductivity of the resulting water.
Abstract:
A method of determining the solubility of a compound in a selected solvent is provided that does not require determination of, or use of, standards having known concentrations of the compound. In one aspect, the method can include preparation of a mixture where not all of a compound is dissolved in the provided solvent, separating undissolved compound from the solvent, and direct determination of the amount of the compound dissolved in the solvent. Methods adapted for use include those where a multiplicity of compounds or solvents are tested in parallel. Devices adapted for these methods are also provided by the present disclosure.
Abstract:
Disclosed herein is a method for measuring total organic carbon without the influence of nitrogen components. The method for measuring total organic carbon includes the steps of: (1) adjusting the hydrogen ion concentration of sample water to between pH 4 and pH 6; (2) decomposing organic matter and nitrogen compounds contained in the sample water into carbon dioxide and nitrous acid, respectively, through oxidation and; (3) making the carbon dioxide permeate into measuring water via a gas-permeable part 5a; (4) and measuring the electric conductivity of the measuring water to determine the total organic carbon content of the sample water.
Abstract:
The invention provides methods for isolating a target molecule from a sample. In an embodiment, the method involves contacting a sample with a capture agent, the agent comprising a siderophore and a transition metal cation, under conditions wherein the agent is capable of binding a target molecule to form a target molecule-capture agent complex, wherein the target molecule is selected from the group consisting of a phosphorylated molecule, a nitrotyrosine-containing molecule and a sulfated molecule, and separating the target molecule-capture agent complex from the sample, thereby isolating the target molecule from the sample. Also provided are methods for determining the presence of a target molecule in a sample, that involve contacting a sample with a capture agent, the agent comprising a siderophore and a transition metal cation.
Abstract:
Nitric oxide, nitrosonium, S-nitrosothiols, and S-nitroso-proteins can be detected in biological samples, using a method which involves injection of samples into a photolysis cell, prior to detection of chemiluminescence generated by the reaction between nitric oxide and ozone. To detect S-nitrosothiols and S-nitroso-proteins separate aliquots of the same samples are subjected to pretreatment with mercurous ion, and a protein-precipitating agent, respectively, and the resulting nitric oxide signals are compared to those generated by untreated samples. This method is useful for monitoring the levels of nitric oxide bioactivity in both normal physiological states, and diesease states, such as septic shock, atherosclerosis, thrombosis, hyperhomocysteinemia, pulmonary hypertension, malignancy, infections and central nervous systems disorders.