摘要:
A method for recovering metals from a spent dispersed catalyst originating from a Group VIB metal sulfide catalyst containing at least a Group VB and Group VIII metal for hydrocarbon oil hydroprocessing is disclosed. In one embodiment, the method comprises the steps of: pyrolyzing a stream containing spent dispersed catalyst in heavy oil to provide one or more lighter oil products and a coke-like material; contacting the stream comprising the used dispersed catalyst with a leaching solution containing ammonia and air to dissolve the group VIB metal and the Group VIII metal into the leaching solution at sufficient temperature and pressure; forming a slurry containing at least a group VIB metal complex and at least a group VIII metal complex, ammonium sulfate and solid residue containing at least a Group VB metal complex and coke; separating and removing the solid residue containing ammonium metavanadate and coke from the pressure leach solution (PLS); precipitating from the PLS at least a portion of the Group VIB metal and at least a portion of the Group VIII metal by controlling the pH at a pre-selected pH to selectively precipitate as metal complexes the Group VIB and Group VIII metals.
摘要:
Methods and apparatuses for producing a solid metallic composition by reacting a gaseous metal halide with a reducing agent are described. The method generally includes reacting a gaseous metal halide with a reducing agent in a manner effective to form a nonsolid reaction product, wherein the metal halide has the formula MXi, in which M is a metal selected from a transition metal of the periodic table, aluminum, silicon, boron, and combinations thereof, X is a halogen, i is greater than 0, and the reducing agent is a gaseous reducing agent selected from hydrogen and a compound that releases hydrogen, and combinations thereof; and solidifying the reaction product, thereby forming a metallic composition comprising M that is substantially free from halides. In another aspect, a method for producing a solid metallic composition is provided in which a metal subhalide is reduced by reaction with a gaseous reducing agent to form a nonsolid reaction product; which is then solidified to form a metallic composition comprising the metal that is substantially free from halides, oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon. An apparatus for producing a metallic solid composition is also provided that includes a source of a metal halide having the formula MXi; a source of a reducing agent wherein the reducing agent is a gaseous reducing agent selected from hydrogen and a compound that releases hydrogen, and combination thereof; a reactor in communication with the metal halided and the reducing agent sources, wherein the reactor provides conditions effective to carry out a gaseous reaction between the metal halide and the reducing agent to form a nonsolid reaction product; and a means for solidifying the reaction product to form a metallic composition comprising M that is substantially free from halides. The invention may be used to produce high-purity metallic compositions, particularly titanium particles and alloys thereof for use in powder metallurgy applications.
摘要:
A method and an apparatus (50) for producing direct reduced iron (37) from dry pellets (25) composed of iron oxide and carbonaceous material. A mixture of pellets (25) and free coke particles (38) with weight relation from 3:1 to 5:1 is fed into the top of an electrothermal fluidized bed (32) that is fluidized by nitrogen. By exposing pellets (25) in the electrothermal fluidized bed (32)to temperatures of between approximately 850-1,100°C for an average period of between approximately 15-60 minutes, the volatiles are removed and the pellets (25) metallized. Reduced pellets (37) mixed with free coke (38) are discharged from the bottom of fluidized bed (32) and cooled. The reduced iron pellets (37)are physically separated from any free coke (38) and the free coke (38) is recycled back into the fluidized bed (32).
摘要:
Procedure for the recovery of a vanadium concentrate from the metalliferous residues of petroleum tar gasification which involves treatment of the initial suspension (comprising the particulate) in reducing conditions with selective extraction of the vanadium and dissolution of it, separation of the liquid phase obtaining a solution containing the vanadium, and precipitation of the vanadium from said solution for neutralisation of the same with a base.
摘要:
In a method for producing a multi-component hydrogen storage alloy including metals of zirconium or vanadium, oxides of these metals is used to produce an alloy having characteristics equivalent to that produced with pure metals. It comprises steps of calcining the raw material, wherein at least one selected from the group consisting of zirconium and vanadium is included in its oxide form, at a temperature ranging from 900°C to 1300°C, mixing metal calcium with said calcined raw material, and treating the mixture with heat at a temperature ranging from the melting point of metal calcium to 1300°C, under inert gas atmosphere.