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    QUATERNARY AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS AND THEIR USE AS FUEL OR LUBRICANT ADDITIVES
    2.
    发明公开
    QUATERNARY AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS AND THEIR USE AS FUEL OR LUBRICANT ADDITIVES 审中-公开
    季铵化合物及其作为燃料或润滑油添加剂使用

    公开(公告)号：EP3174847A1

    公开(公告)日：2017-06-07

    申请号：EP15747185.5

    申请日：2015-07-28

    申请人： Innospec Limited

    发明人： REID, Jacqueline ,  COOK, Stephen Leonard

    IPC分类号： C07C215/40 ,  C07C217/28 ,  C07C211/63 ,  C07C53/10 ,  C07C57/12 ,  C07C57/13 ,  C08F10/10 ,  C10L1/222 ,  C10L10/18 ,  C07C65/10 ,  C07C61/00 ,  C07C63/06

    摘要： A quaternary ammonium compound of formula (X): where each of R1-R4 is independently an optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl, or aryl group having fewer than 8 carbon atoms and R5 is hydrogen or an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl group. Also claimed is a method of preparing a quaternary ammonium salt comprising reacting a tertiary amine of formula R1R2R3N with a quaternizing agent selected from: an ester of formula R5COOR4; a carbonate compound of formula R0OCOOR4 and then a carboxylic acid of formula R5COOH; and an epoxide having fewer than 8 carbon atoms and a carboxylic acid of formula R5COOH, where R0 is an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl group. Preferably the compounds as defined above are used as additives in a fuel composition, preferably a diesel or gasoline fuel. Also claimed is the use of a quaternary ammonium compound as defined above to improve the performance of an engine, preferably by combating deposits in the engine. Preferably the compounds or compositions may be used to achieve keep clean or clean up performance.

    摘要翻译： 式的季铵化合物（X）：其中，每个R 1 -R 4各自独立地是取代的任选的烷基，具有链烯基，或芳基少于8个碳原子和R 5是氢或烃基任选substituiertem。 这样一种被制备的季铵盐包括使式R1R2R3N的选自季铵化剂的叔胺的方法：式R5COOR4的酯; 式R0OCOOR4的碳酸酯化合物，然后式R5COOH的羧酸; 并具有少于8个碳原子和式R5COOH，其中R0是任选substituiertem烃基的羧酸环氧化物。 优选如上定义的化合物被用作燃料组合物添加剂，优选为柴油或汽油燃料。 这样一种被如上文所定义，以提高发动机的性能，优选地通过在发动机沉积物打击使用季铵化合物。 优选可使用化合物或组合物，以实现保持清洁或清理性能。

    STABILIZED CHOLINE SOLUTIONS AND METHODS FOR PREPARING THE SAME
    3.
    发明公开
    STABILIZED CHOLINE SOLUTIONS AND METHODS FOR PREPARING THE SAME 审中-公开
    稳定CHOLINLÖSUNGEN和方法及其生产

    公开(公告)号：EP2802555A1

    公开(公告)日：2014-11-19

    申请号：EP11793932.2

    申请日：2011-11-22

    申请人： Taminco

    发明人： GERNON, Michael, D. ,  MOONEN, Kristof

    IPC分类号： C07C213/10 ,  C07C215/40 ,  C07C239/10 ,  C01B17/66

    CPC分类号： C07C213/10 ,  C07C215/08 ,  C07C215/40 ,  C07C239/10

    摘要： A method for the stabilization of an aqueous choline hydroxide solution includes optionally, adding a first stabilizer of a dithionite salt or a dialkylhydroxylamine to an aqueous solution containing reactants that will produce an aqueous choline hydroxide solution; and after the aqueous choline hydroxide solution is formed, adding a second stabilizer of a dithionite salt or a dialkylhydroxylamine to the aqueous choline hydroxide solution. The stabilized choline hydroxide solution may include choline hydroxide, water, and a dithionite salt and/or a dialkylhydroxylamine as a stabilizer present in an amount of about 100 ppm to about 2000 ppm by weight of the stabilized choline hydroxide solution.

    Positively charged water-soluble prodrugs of prostaglandins and related compounds with very high skin penetration rates
    4.
    发明公开
    Positively charged water-soluble prodrugs of prostaglandins and related compounds with very high skin penetration rates 审中-公开
    带正电的前列腺素和相关化合物的水溶性前药具有非常高的Hautpenetrierungswerten

    公开(公告)号：EP2781505A1

    公开(公告)日：2014-09-24

    申请号：EP14156640.6

    申请日：2006-10-02

    申请人： Techfields Biochem Co. Ltd ,  Yu, Chongxi

    发明人： Yu, Chongxi ,  Xu, Lina

    IPC分类号： C07C215/40 ,  C07C215/42 ,  C07C405/00 ,  A61K31/5575 ,  A61P9/12 ,  A61P15/00

    CPC分类号： C07C405/0041

    摘要： The novel positively charged pro-drugs of prostaglandins, prostacyclins and related compounds in the general formula (2) 'Structure 2' were designed and synthesized. The compounds of the general formula (2) 'Structure 2' indicated above can be prepared from protected prostaglandins, prostacyclins, and related compounds, by reaction with suitable alcohols, thiols, or amines and coupling reagents, such as N, N'-Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, N, N'-Diisopropylcarbodiimide, O-(Benzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium tetrafluoroborate, O-(Benzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate, Benzotriazol-1-yl-oxy-tris (dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate, et al. The positively charged amino groups of these pro-drugs not only largely increases the solubility of the drugs in water, but also bonds to the negative charge on the phosphate head group of membranes and pushes the pro-drug into the cytosol. The results suggest that the pro-drugs diffuse through human skin ∼1000 times faster than do prostaglandins, prostacyclins, and related compounds. In plasma, more than 90% of these pro-drugs can change back to the parent drugs in a few minutes. The prodrugs can be used medicinally in treating any prostaglandins, prostacyclins, and related compounds-treatable conditions in humans or animals. The prodrugs can be administered transdermally for any kind of medical treatments and avoid most of the side effects of prostaglandins, prostacyclins, and related compounds. Controlled transdermal administration systems of the prodrug enable prostaglandins, prostacyclins, and related compounds to reach constantly optimal therapeutic blood levels to increase effectiveness and reduce the side effects of prostaglandins, prostacyclins, and related compounds. Another great benefit of transdermal administration of these pro-drugs is that administering medication, especially to children, will be much easier.

    摘要翻译： 新颖的带正电荷的前列腺素，前列环素和相关化合物的前体药物的通式（2）“结构2”设计并合成英寸 上面所示的通式（2）“结构2”的化合物可以从受保护的前列腺素，前列环素，和相关的化合物与合适的醇，硫醇，或cardamines和偶联试剂，：如N，N'-二环己基来制备，通过反应 ，N，N'-二异丙基，O-（苯并三唑-1-基）-N，N，N 'N'-四甲基脲四氟硼酸盐，O-（苯并三唑-1-基）-N，N，N'，N' 四甲基脲，苯并三唑-1-基 - 氧基 - 三（二甲氨基）鏻六氟磷酸盐等。 毕业论文前药带正电荷的氨基不仅大大增加在水中的药物的溶解度，因此而债券对磷酸头基膜的负电荷和推动有利于药物进入细胞质。 结果表明确实亲药物通过人体皮肤扩散的速度比¼1000次做前列腺素，前列腺素和相关化合物。 在血浆中，90％以上的合成前体药物可以在几分钟内变回母体药物。 所述前药可药用治疗任何前列腺素，前列环素一起使用，以及与人类或动物的化合物可治疗的条件。 前药可经皮对任何种类的药物治疗被施用，避免大部分的前列腺素，前列环素和相关化合物的副作用。 前药的控制透皮给药系统使前列腺素，前列环素，和相关的化合物以达到最佳不断治疗血液水平，以增加效率和减少前列腺素，前列环素，和相关化合物的副作用。 毕业论文的前体药物透皮给药的另一大好处是没有管理的药物，尤其是爱孩子，会容易得多。

    POSITIVELY CHARGED WATER-SOLUBLE PRODRUGS OF MUSTARDS AND RELATED COMPOUNDS WITH VERY HIGH SKIN PENETRATION RATES
    6.
    发明公开
    POSITIVELY CHARGED WATER-SOLUBLE PRODRUGS OF MUSTARDS AND RELATED COMPOUNDS WITH VERY HIGH SKIN PENETRATION RATES 有权
    正面装，芥末及相关化合物的水溶性前体药物具有非常高的皮肤渗透速率

    公开(公告)号：EP2077991A1

    公开(公告)日：2009-07-15

    申请号：EP06809490.3

    申请日：2006-10-03

    申请人： Techfields Biochem Co. Ltd ,  Yu, Chongxi

    发明人： YU, Chongxi ,  XU, Lina

    IPC分类号： C07C215/40 ,  C07C215/42

    CPC分类号： C07C233/47 ,  C07C229/42 ,  C07F9/242 ,  C07F9/2429 ,  C07F9/2458

    摘要： The novel positively charged pro-drugs of mustards and related compounds in the general formula (1) 'Structure 1' were designed and synthesized. The compounds of the general formula (1) 'Structure 1' indicated above can be prepared from mustards and related compounds , by reaction with suitable alcohols, thiols, or amines and coupling reagents, such as N, N'-Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, N, N'-Diisopropylcarbodiimide, O-(Benzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium tetrafluoroborate, O-(Benzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate, Benzotriazol-1-yl-oxy-tris (dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate, et al. The positively charged amino groups of these pro-drugs not only largely increases the solubility of the drugs in water, but also bonds to the negative charge on the phosphate head group of membranes and pushes the pro-drug into the cytosol. The results suggest that the pro-drugs diffuse through human skin ~100 times faster than do mustards and related compounds. In plasma, more than 90% of these pro-drugs can change back to the parent drugs in a few minutes. The prodrugs can be used medicinally in treating any mustards and related compounds-treatable conditions in humans or animals. The prodrugs can be administered transdermally for any kind of medical treatments and avoid most of the side effects of mustards and related compounds. Controlled transdermal administration systems of the prodrug enables mustards and related compounds to reach constantly optimal therapeutic blood levels to increase effectiveness and reduce the side effects of mustards and related compounds. Another great benefit of transdermal administration of these pro-drugs is that administering medication, especially to children, will be much easier.