Abstract:
Provided herein are catalysts useful in enabling and promoting the insertion of alkylene oxides into ester linkages. The esters employed as a substrate to be alkoxylated include esters of fatty acids, such as methyl esters of C14 to C22 fatty acids, and mono-, di-, and tri-esters of glycerine, including vegetable oils, animal fats, and plant oils. A catalyst according to the invention includes at least two alkaline earth compounds, which may include any known stable compounds of the alkaline earths, and optionally contains one or more additional materials such as a carboxylic acid or a polyalkylene glycol having a molecular weight between about 100 and 1500 or a C1-C10 alkyl-capped polyalkylene glycol having molecular weight between about 100 and 1500, which has been acidified with a strong mineral acid. The preferred alkaline earths employed are salts and compounds of magnesium and calcium.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to metathesis syntheses for insect sex-attractant pheromones or their components, such as E-5-decenyl acetate, the major component of the Peach Twig Borer pheromone; (5R, 6S)-6-acetoxy-5-hexadecanolide, the mosquito oviposition attractant pheromone; E9, Z11-hexadecadienal, the pecan nut casebearer moth pheromone; 9-tetradecenyl formate, an analog of the Diamondback Moth (DBM) pheromone; 11-tetradecenyl acetate, the Omnivorous Leafroller (OLR) pheromone; E-4-tridecenyl acetate, the major component of the Tomato Pinworm (TPW) pheromone; E,E-8,10-dodecadienol, the Codling Moth (CM) pheromone. The syntheses preferably employ a Class I-IV metathesis catalyst, entail few reaction steps, use generally commercially available starting materials, and have relatively short process times. These syntheses produce good yields without the need for expensive or sophisticated equipment. The invention also provides an inexpensive route for producing omega-haloalkenols by cross-metathesizing alpha-omega-diacetoxy alkenes and alpha-omega-dihalides to yield omega-haloalkenols, which are easily converted into omega-haloalkanols under traditional hydrogenation methods.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing a fatty acid alkyl ester at a high reaction rate with a high yield without using any alkali metal catalyst, and a catalyst for producing the fatty acid alkyl ester. SOLUTION: In the method for producing a fatty acid alkyl ester by reacting triglyceride and an alcohol in the presence of the catalyst, the catalyst contains a basic calcium compound and a specific quaternary ammonium salt. COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT
Abstract:
A process for preparing natural oil hydroxylates, the process comprising reacting an amino compound containing hydroxyl groups having a molecular weight of less than 200 Daltons with vegetable oil derived polyols.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing a fatty acid alkyl ester, enabling the alkyl ester to be refined at low cost, with no need of any multiple steps and long time even in case of using a calcium-based catalyst. SOLUTION: The method for producing the fatty acid alkyl ester by transesterification between fat-and-oil and an aliphatic alcohol in the presence of a calcium-based catalyst is provided. In this process, a chelating agent is added to the reaction mixture after undergoing the transesterification, prior to making a phase separation of the reaction mixture into a light liquid and a heavy liquid to separate them from each other. COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT