Abstract:
A process for preparing an aromatic polyamine mixture including 4,4′-methylenedi(phenylamine) and higher homologues of MDA is provided. The process includes steps of (i) reaction of aniline with formaldehyde by means of an acid catalyst to form a crude product mixture (I), (ii) neutralization of the crude product mixture (I) and removal of the salts formed; (iii) isolation of aniline; (iv) distillation of the resulting crude product mixture so as to separate off (iv-1) a mixture (II) of MDA isomers (II-1) containing from 8 to 20% by weight of 4,4′-methylenedi(phenylamine) and not more than 0.3% by weight of secondary components (II-2) and (iv-2) a low boiler mixture of at least 55% by weight of secondary components (II-2) and MDA isomers (II-1); and (v) recirculation of the mixture (II).
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for preparing isocyanates by reacting primary amines with phosgene in a solvent, where the solvent comprises a dialkyl carbonate.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method of separating a phosgene- and hydrogen chloride-comprising stream (5), wherein said method comprises conveying the hydrogen chloride- and phosgene-comprising stream (5) into a distillation column (1), withdrawing at the bottom of the distillation column (1) a phosgene-comprising stream (7) and withdrawing at the top of the column an essentially hydrogen chloride-comprising stream (9). At least a portion of the stream (9) withdrawn at the top is compressed and at least partially condensed and at least a portion of the liquid and compressed essentially hydrogen chloride-comprising stream is decompressed and recycled into the top of distillation column (1) as reflux.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for the catalytic oxidation of hydrogen chloride by means of oxygen to form chlorine in a fluidized-bed process in the presence of a catalyst comprising ruthenium on a particulate support composed of alpha-aluminum oxide having an average particle size of from 10 to 200 μm, wherein the catalyst support has a low surface roughness and can be obtained from a used catalyst which has been used in a fluidized-bed process for at least 500 hours of operation.
Abstract:
A method of regulating the viscosity of a mixture containing at least two components having different viscosities, which includes the steps of: (a) determination of the viscosity of the mixture via ultrasound measurements, (b) standardization of the viscosity determined to standard conditions, (c) comparison of the standardized viscosity with a prescribed intended value, and (d) adjustment of the viscosity of the mixture by increasing or decreasing the proportion of at least one component of the mixture, where the ultrasound measurements in step (a) are carried out at or in a line conveying the mixture or in a vessel.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for hydrogenating a mixture (G1) in the presence of a catalyst, where the mixture (G1) comprises at least one colorless amine and at least one color-imparting component. As a result of the hydrogenation step, the at least one color-imparting component is firstly partially, preferably fully, hydrogenated, while the colorless amine, in particular aniline, is not hydrogenated or hydrogenated to only a very small extent. The color-imparting components which cause the discoloration of the amine which is itself in principle colorless are thus removed by hydrogenation, as a result of which purification of the colorless amine or the mixture (G1) is achieved.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for preparing isocyanates by reacting primary amines with phosgene in a solvent, where the solvent comprises a dialkyl carbonate.