公开(公告)号：US6061258A

公开(公告)日：2000-05-09

申请号：US129674

申请日：1998-08-05

申请人： Ezio Galbiati ,  Alberto Salina

发明人： Ezio Galbiati ,  Alberto Salina

IPC分类号： G01R19/00 ,  H02M7/5387 ,  H02P6/28 ,  H02P25/034 ,  H02M3/24

CPC分类号： H02M7/53871 ,  H02P25/034 ,  H02P6/28 ,  H02M2001/0009 ,  H02M2003/1555

摘要： Monitoring of current flowing through an inductive load driven through a bridge power stage in a PWM mode, comprises sampling the signal output by a sensing amplifier with a Sample & Hold circuit including a sampling switch and a storing capacitor. The average value of the current in the load is monitored by sampling at a half way point of an active driving phase and at a half way point of a current recirculation phase by closing the switch with a synchronizing pulse that coincides with the half way points of these phases of operation. The monitoring uses a pair of complementary periodic reference signals and uses a sensing amplifier to amplify the signal existing on a current sensing resistor functionally connected in series with the load. This produces an amplified signal representative of the current in the load to be fed to an input of an error amplifier driving a power amplifier of the bridge stage. The synchronizing pulse is generated in coincidence with the peak and with the virtual zero crossing of the two reference periodic signals, out of phase from one another by 180 degrees. A two-input logic AND gate, combining the synchronizing pulse and a masking signal of a preestablished duration generated at every switching of the bridge stage may also be employed.

摘要翻译： 监控流经由PWM模式通过桥式功率级驱动的感性负载的电流，包括用包括采样开关和存储电容器的采样和保持电路对感测放大器输出的信号进行采样。 负载中的电流的平均值通过在有源驱动相位的中间点和当前再循环阶段的中点进行采样来监视，该闭合开关具有同步脉冲，该同步脉冲与 这些操作阶段。 监视使用一对互补的周期性参考信号，并使用感测放大器来放大与负载串联的电流感测电阻上存在的信号。 这产生一个放大的信号，代表要馈送给驱动桥接级的功率放大器的误差放大器的输入的负载中的电流。 同步脉冲与两个参考周期信号的峰值和虚拟过零点一致地产生，彼此异相180度。 也可以采用组合同步脉冲和在桥接台的每次切换时产生的预先建立的持续时间的屏蔽信号的双输入逻辑与门。

公开(公告)号：US08754602B2

公开(公告)日：2014-06-17

申请号：US12552989

申请日：2009-09-02

申请人： Frederic Bonvin ,  Ezio Galbiati

发明人： Frederic Bonvin ,  Ezio Galbiati

IPC分类号： H02P6/10

CPC分类号： H02P6/10 ,  G11B19/20 ,  H02P6/085 ,  H02P6/18

摘要： An embodiment of a motor controller includes a motor driver and a signal conditioner. The motor driver is configured to generate a motor-coil drive signal having a first component at a first frequency, and the signal conditioner is coupled to the motor driver and is configured to alter the first component. For example, if the first component of the motor-coil drive signal causes the motor to audibly vibrate (e.g., “whine”), then the signal conditioner may alter the amplitude or phase of the first component to reduce the vibration noise to below a threshold level.

摘要翻译： 马达控制器的实施例包括马达驱动器和信号调节器。 电动机驱动器被配置为产生具有第一频率的第一分量的电动机线圈驱动信号，并且信号调节器耦合到电动机驱动器并且被配置为改变第一分量。 例如，如果电动机线圈驱动信号的第一分量使得电动机听起来振动（例如，“呜呜”），则信号调节器可以改变第一组件的幅度或相位，以将振动噪声降低到低于 门限等级。

公开(公告)号：US08415908B2

公开(公告)日：2013-04-09

申请号：US12969274

申请日：2010-12-15

申请人： Ezio Galbiati

发明人： Ezio Galbiati

IPC分类号： H02P6/08

CPC分类号： H02P6/085 ,  H02P6/182 ,  H02P29/02 ,  H02P29/0241

摘要： A driving apparatus drives a brushless motor that includes a plurality of windings. The apparatus comprises a plurality of switch half-bridges connected to a power line and to the windings, a memory adapted to contain a plurality of signal profiles to be cyclically applied to the plurality of windings of the motor, a multiplier for multiplying the profile values of the signals from the memory by a scale factor, a control circuit adapted to generate PWM signals for the switches of the plurality of switch half-bridges according to values output by the multiplier, a polarity detector configured to detect the polarity of the current passing trough at least one winding of the motor and a scale factor controller configured to modify the scale factor according to the detected current polarity and so as to make each signal profile to be applied to each winding of the motor either higher than the back-electromotive force or equal to the back-electromotive force generated by the motor.

摘要翻译： 驱动装置驱动包括多个绕组的无刷电动机。 该装置包括连接到电力线和绕组的多个开关半桥，适于包含循环地施加到电动机的多个绕组的多个信号轮廓的存储器，用于将轮廓值 来自存储器的信号通过比例因子，控制电路适于根据乘法器输出的值产生用于多个开关半桥的开关的PWM信号;极性检测器，被配置为检测电流通过的极性 通过电动机的至少一个绕组和比例因子控制器，该比例因子控制器被配置为根据检测到的电流极性来修正比例因子，并且使得每个信号轮廓要被施加到电动机的每个绕组高于反电动势 或等于由电动机产生的反电动势。

公开(公告)号：US20100001667A1

公开(公告)日：2010-01-07

申请号：US12490989

申请日：2009-06-24

申请人： Ezio Galbiati

发明人： Ezio Galbiati

IPC分类号： H02K41/035 ,  H03F3/26

CPC分类号： H02M7/53871

摘要： A control circuit for a full-bridge-stage to drive an electric load includes PWM generation circuitry for generating first and second PWM signals so that a difference between duty-cycles of the PWM signals represents an amplitude of a drive current. A logic XOR gate is input with the first and second PWM signals and generates a logic XOR signal. A logic sampling circuit generates a logic driving command of a half-bridge of the full-bridge stage, a logic value of which corresponds to a sign of the drive current, by sampling one of the first and second PWM signals based upon active switching edges of the logic XOR signal. A second XOR gate is input with the logic XOR signal and the logic driving command and generates a third PWM driving signal of the other half-bridge of the full-bridge stage, a duty-cycle of which corresponds to the amplitude of the drive current.

摘要翻译： 用于驱动电负载的全桥级的控制电路包括用于产生第一和第二PWM信号的PWM产生电路，使得PWM信号的占空比之间的差表示驱动电流的幅度。 逻辑异或门通过第一和第二PWM信号输入，并产生逻辑异或信号。 逻辑采样电路通过基于有源开关沿采样第一和第二PWM信号之一来产生全桥级的半桥的逻辑驱动命令，其逻辑值对应于驱动电流的符号 的逻辑异或信号。 第二异或门通过逻辑异或信号和逻辑驱动指令输入，并产生全桥级的另一个半桥的第三PWM驱动信号，占空比对应于驱动电流的幅度 。

公开(公告)号：US06949906B2

公开(公告)日：2005-09-27

申请号：US10147347

申请日：2002-05-16

申请人： Michele Boscolo ,  Marco Viti ,  Ezio Galbiati

发明人： Michele Boscolo ,  Marco Viti ,  Ezio Galbiati

IPC分类号： H02P6/24 ,  G05B11/28

CPC分类号： H02P6/24

摘要： A driving circuit of a DC motor includes a control circuit for providing a control signal, and a motor drive circuit commanded by the control circuit for providing respective command signals for the switches of an output power stage connected to the DC motor. The output power stage is connected to a power supply line and drives the windings of the DC motor. The driving circuit prevents generation of voltage surges having a significant magnitude on the power supply line because the driving circuit has logic circuits for preventing any substantial inversion in the direction of current flow in the supply lines when the DC motor operates as a current generator.

摘要翻译： DC电动机的驱动电路包括用于提供控制信号的控制电路和由控制电路命令的用于为连接到DC电动机的输出功率级的开关提供相应命令信号的电动机驱动电路。 输出功率级连接到电源线并驱动直流电机的绕组。 驱动电路防止在电源线上产生具有显着量值的电压浪涌，因为驱动电路具有逻辑电路，用于当DC电动机作为电流发生器工作时，防止电源线中的电流方向发生任何实质的反转。

公开(公告)号：US06804131B2

公开(公告)日：2004-10-12

申请号：US10367665

申请日：2003-02-14

申请人： Ezio Galbiati ,  Michele Boscolo

发明人： Ezio Galbiati ,  Michele Boscolo

IPC分类号： H02M35387

CPC分类号： H02M7/53871 ,  H02P25/034

摘要： The present invention relates a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)/linear driver for an electromagnetic load by a bridge circuit of the type having a signal input and a signal output and at least two conduction control inputs for driving a voice coil motor in a linear mode and in a pulse width modulation. The bridge circuit is driven by a PWM converter coupled to one of said two control inputs and by a linear amplifier coupled to the other of said two control inputs.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种具有信号输入和信号输出类型的桥式电路的用于电磁负载的脉冲宽度调制（PWM）/线性驱动器，以及用于以线性模式驱动音圈电机的至少两个导通控制输入 并以脉冲宽度调制。 桥式电路由耦合到所述两个控制输入之一的PWM转换器和耦合到所述两个控制输入中的另一个的线性放大器驱动。

公开(公告)号：US6094022A

公开(公告)日：2000-07-25

申请号：US346650

申请日：1999-07-01

申请人： Luca Schillaci ,  Maurizio Nessi ,  Giacomino Bollati ,  Ezio Galbiati

发明人： Luca Schillaci ,  Maurizio Nessi ,  Giacomino Bollati ,  Ezio Galbiati

IPC分类号： H02P6/18 ,  H02K23/00

CPC分类号： H02P6/182

摘要： A BEMF detector and method detect the BEMF of a three-phase motor using a fully differential detection system. The motor has a first coil coupled between a first coil tap and a center tap, a second coil coupled between a second coil tap and the center tap, and a third coil coupled between a third coil tap and the center tap. The BEMF detector includes a differential amplifier having first and second inputs and first and second outputs, with the first input being coupled to one of the coil taps and the second input being coupled to the center tap. The BEMF detector also includes a comparator having first and second inputs coupled respectively to the first and second outputs of the differential amplifier and an output at which a BEMF signal is produced that is related to the BEMF of the motor. The differential amplifier may be part of an anti-alias filter structured to fix to a known stable value a common mode at the outputs of the differential amplifier. The BEMF detector also may include one or more fully differential filters positioned between the differential amplifier and the comparator to reduce noise and smooth the BEMF signal output by the comparator. One of the filters can be a linear phase, switched capacitor filter with a stable cutoff frequency.

摘要翻译： BEMF检测器和方法使用完全差分检测系统检测三相电机的BEMF。 电动机具有耦合在第一线圈抽头和中心抽头之间的第一线圈，耦合在第二线圈抽头和中心抽头之间的第二线圈以及耦合在第三线圈抽头和中心抽头之间的第三线圈。 BEMF检测器包括具有第一和第二输入以及第一和第二输出的差分放大器，其中第一输入耦合到线圈抽头之一并且第二输入耦合到中心抽头。 BEMF检测器还包括比较器，其具有分别耦合到差分放大器的第一和第二输出端的第一和第二输入端以及产生与马达的BEMF有关的BEMF信号的输出端。 差分放大器可以是抗差分滤波器的一部分，其被构造为在差分放大器的输出处固定到已知稳定值的共模。 BEMF检测器还可以包括位于差分放大器和比较器之间的一个或多个全差分滤波器，以降低噪声并平滑比较器输出的BEMF信号。 其中一个滤波器可以是具有稳定截止频率的线性相位开关电容滤波器。

公开(公告)号：US5917720A

公开(公告)日：1999-06-29

申请号：US716792

申请日：1996-08-30

申请人： Ezio Galbiati

发明人： Ezio Galbiati

IPC分类号： H02P7/29 ,  H02M7/5387 ,  H02M3/24 ,  H02M1/12 ,  H02M7/537

CPC分类号： H02M7/53871

摘要： A circuit for driving a bridge circuit BR having a signal input I1,I2, and a signal output O1-O2, and at least two conduction control signals C1 and C2 by the PWM procedure. The circuit includes a first virtually-square-wave generator CO1 having an output coupled to one of the two control inputs and a second virtually-square-wave generator CO2 having an output coupled to the other of the two control inputs. In this manner, the bridge is driven by two square waves, the null value of the current at the output )O1-O2 no longer constitutes an intrinsic discontinuity and any value, even around zero, is controllable with relative ease.

摘要翻译： 用于通过PWM程序驱动具有信号输入I1，I2和信号输出O1-O2的桥式电路BR以及至少两个导通控制信号C1和C2的电路。 该电路包括具有耦合到两个控制输入中的一个的输出的第一虚拟方波发生器CO1和具有耦合到两个控制输入中的另一个的输出的第二实际方波发生器CO 2。 以这种方式，桥由两个方波驱动，输出端的电流的零值）O1-O2不再构成固有的不连续性，甚至在零附近的任何值都可以相对容易地控制。

公开(公告)号：US08614859B2

公开(公告)日：2013-12-24

申请号：US12751740

申请日：2010-03-31

申请人： Ezio Galbiati ,  Frederic Pascal Bonvin

发明人： Ezio Galbiati ,  Frederic Pascal Bonvin

IPC分类号： G11B21/02

CPC分类号： G11B19/2063

摘要： A method and circuit to stop a spindle motor in the absence of the external supply voltage in which the spindle motor is structured to move a hard disk provided with at least one reading or writing head moved by a voice coil motor, the spindle motor provided with a plurality of coils. The method includes rectifying the backelectromotive force of the spindle motor to produce a braking current, driving the voice coil motor with at least a portion of the braking current until the speed of the spindle motor becomes lower than a predetermined stop speed, and, after the parking of the at least one reading or writing head of the voice coil motor, stopping the spindle motor by short-circuiting the coils of the spindle motor.

摘要翻译： 一种在没有外部电源电压的情况下停止主轴电机的方法和电路，其中主轴电机被构造成移动设置有由音圈电机移动的至少一个读/写头的硬盘， 多个线圈。 该方法包括整流主轴电动机的反电动势以产生制动电流，以至少一部分制动电流驱动音圈电动机，直到主轴电动机的速度变得低于预定的停止速度，并且在 停放音圈马达的至少一个读写头，通过使主轴马达的线圈短路来停止主轴马达。

公开(公告)号：US08471505B2

公开(公告)日：2013-06-25

申请号：US12751807

申请日：2010-03-31

申请人： Ezio Galbiati ,  Roberto Peritore ,  Michele Bartolini ,  Agostino Mirabelli

发明人： Ezio Galbiati ,  Roberto Peritore ,  Michele Bartolini ,  Agostino Mirabelli

IPC分类号： H02P6/06

CPC分类号： H02P6/08 ,  G11B5/022 ,  G11B5/5547 ,  H02P6/085 ,  H02P6/22 ,  H02P25/034

摘要： A device for the change of the driving mode of an electromagnetic load from a first operating mode with pulse width modulation to a second operating mode that is linear by means of switching circuits. During a first operating mode, each of two outputs has a voltage value ranging from a first reference voltage to a second reference voltage. The device adapted to synchronize a change command signal from a first operating mode to a second operating mode of the electromagnetic load with the signal representative of the flow of current circulating within the load at substantially its average value and adapted to generate a first command signal in response to the synchronization.

摘要翻译： 一种用于将电磁负载的驱动模式从具有脉冲宽度调制的第一操作模式改变为通过开关电路线性化的第二操作模式的装置。 在第一操作模式期间，两个输出中的每一个具有从第一参考电压到第二参考电压的电压值。 该装置适于使来自第一操作模式的改变命令信号与电磁负载的第二操作模式同步，该信号表示在负载中以基本上其平均值循环的电流流，并适于产生第一命令信号 响应同步。