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    Low velocity air burst munition and launcher system implemented on an existing weapon
    3.
    发明授权
    Low velocity air burst munition and launcher system implemented on an existing weapon 失效
    在现有武器上实施的低速空中爆炸弹药和发射系统

    公开(公告)号：US07021187B1

    公开(公告)日：2006-04-04

    申请号：US10708772

    申请日：2004-03-24

    申请人： James Grassi

    发明人： James Grassi

    IPC分类号： F42C17/04

    CPC分类号： F41C27/06 ,  F42B30/04 ,  F42C17/04

    摘要： A low velocity air burst munition and launcher system allows the user to program the munition to detonate in the air at a specified range from the muzzle. The system further allows the munition to detonate upon impact or self-destruct if the target is missed. The system allows the user to program and reset the munition multiple times, and allows the user to perform this operation at night in cold weather conditions. The system requires the user to manually input the range into a fuze programming device prior to projectile launch. The fuze programming device is capable of direct interface with electronic range determining devices. The system employs electrical contacts in the chamber of the munition launcher barrel and on the projectile body to complete the circuit used for programming. Furthermore, this system is capable of integrating a magnetic induction method of programming.

    摘要翻译： 低速空气爆炸弹药和发射系统允许用户对弹药进行编程，以在枪口的指定范围内的空气中引爆。 该系统进一步允许弹药在碰撞或自毁时引爆，如果目标物被遗漏。 该系统允许用户多次对弹药进行编程和重置，并允许用户在寒冷的天气条件下在夜间执行此操作。 该系统要求用户在弹射发射之前手动将范围输入到引信编程设备中。 引信编程设备能够与电子测距设备直接接口。 该系统在弹药发射筒的腔室和射弹体上采用电气接触，完成编程电路。 此外，该系统能够集成磁感应编程方法。

    Spring air gun with interlocking mechanism
    4.
    发明授权
    Spring air gun with interlocking mechanism 失效
    弹簧气枪与联锁机构

    公开(公告)号：US5775312A

    公开(公告)日：1998-07-07

    申请号：US798043

    申请日：1997-02-10

    申请人： Todd D. Wilkinson ,  Kenton H. Barker ,  James Grassi

    发明人： Todd D. Wilkinson ,  Kenton H. Barker ,  James Grassi

    IPC分类号： F41B11/14

    CPC分类号： F41B11/642

    摘要： A spring air gun includes a reciprocable piston and a slide for cocking the piston. The slide is movable between forward and rearward positions. A piston rod is connected to the slide and is slidably mounted within a piston tube which is connected to the piston. A pair of springs are concentrically mounted on the piston tube, and the forward end of each spring engages the piston. The rearward end of the inner spring engages the slide, and the rearward end of the outer spring engages the frame of the gun. A detent maintains the slide in the forward position, and a sear maintains the piston in the cocked position and is engageable with the detent for preventing the slide from moving rearwardly until the gun is fired. The gun is fired by pulling a trigger, which releases the sear from the piston. The detent can then be moved to allow the slide to be moved rearwardly to cock the piston. When the slide is not in the forward position, the detent prevents the trigger from being pulled.

    摘要翻译： 弹簧气枪包括可往复运动的活塞和用于压紧活塞的滑块。 滑块可在前后位置之间移动。 活塞杆连接到滑块，并可滑动地安装在与活塞连接的活塞管内。 一对弹簧同心地安装在活塞管上，每个弹簧的前端接合活塞。 内弹簧的后端接合滑动件，而外弹簧的后端与枪的框架接合。 制动器将滑动件保持在向前位置，并且一个掣子将活塞保持在压缩位置，并且可与止动件接合，以防止滑动件向后移动直到枪被击发。 通过拉动扳机将枪从活塞中释放出来。 然后可以移动棘爪以允许滑动件向后移动以使活塞旋转。 当滑块不在向前位置时，制动器防止扳机被拉动。

    Method of converting bomblet to gun-launched grenade
    5.
    发明授权
    Method of converting bomblet to gun-launched grenade 有权
    将炸弹转换成炮手榴弹的方法

    公开(公告)号：US08220395B1

    公开(公告)日：2012-07-17

    申请号：US12975697

    申请日：2010-12-22

    申请人： Ryan Gorman ,  Philip Magnotti ,  James Grassi ,  Matthew Millar ,  James Hamfeldt

    发明人： Ryan Gorman ,  Philip Magnotti ,  James Grassi ,  Matthew Millar ,  James Hamfeldt

    IPC分类号： F42B27/00

    CPC分类号： F42B1/02 ,  F42B30/04

    摘要： A Dual Purpose Improved Conventional Munition (DPICM) bomblet may be converted into a gun-launched grenade. The bomblet may include a fuze, a shaped-charge liner, a casing, and explosive material disposed between the shaped-charge liner and the casing. An ogive may be attached to an open end of the bomblet. A generally cup-shaped pusher may be placed over the fuze and attached to the bomblet casing. A conventional cartridge case assembly may be fixed to a fuze end of the bomblet. When the gun-launched grenade impacts a target, the casing may shatter to form shrapnel and a shaped-charge jet may be formed.

    摘要翻译： 双重目的的改进的常规武器（DPICM）的炸弹可能会转换成枪炮榴弹。 炸弹可以包括设置在成形电荷衬垫和壳体之间的引信，成形电荷衬垫，壳体和爆炸材料。 可以将附件放在炸弹的开放端。 大致杯状的推动器可以放置在引信上方并附接到炸弹套管上。 常规的盒壳组件可以固定到炸弹的引信端。 当手枪发射的手榴弹撞击目标时，外壳可能会碎裂以形成弹片，并可能形成成形电荷射流。

    Method and apparatus for detecting the presence of elemental mercury in a gas sample
    6.
    发明申请
    Method and apparatus for detecting the presence of elemental mercury in a gas sample 有权
    用于检测气体样品中元素汞的存在的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US20060246594A1

    公开(公告)日：2006-11-02

    申请号：US11120317

    申请日：2005-05-02

    申请人： Dirk Appel ,  James Grassi ,  Dieter Kita ,  Jeffrey Socha

    发明人： Dirk Appel ,  James Grassi ,  Dieter Kita ,  Jeffrey Socha

    IPC分类号： G01N31/00

    CPC分类号： G01N21/6408

    摘要： An improved elemental mercury analyzer utilizes a fluorescence assembly in combination with a fluorescence quenching reduction mechanism to detect the concentration of elemental mercury within an emission gas sample, via fluorescence of the mercury within the gas sample, while minimizing fluorescence quenching of the gas sample. In one arrangement, the analyzer contains the emission gas sample under a vacuum or negative pressure while detecting fluorescence of the elemental mercury within the emission gas sample. By performing fluorescence detection of the emission gas sample at reduced pressure relative to the pressure of the as-sampled emission gas, the analyzer reduces the number of particle collisions within the emission gas sample over a certain period of time. Such collisional deactivation, and/or the addition of oxygen depleted gas such as nitrogen to the gas sample, reduces fluorescence quenching of the emission gas sample, improving accuracy of detection of mercury.

    摘要翻译： 改进的元素汞分析仪利用荧光组合与荧光淬灭降低机制结合，以通过气体样品中汞的荧光检测发射气体样品中的元素汞的浓度，同时最小化气体样品的荧光猝灭。 在一种布置中，分析仪在真空或负压下包含发射气体样品，同时检测排放气体样品中的元素汞的荧光。 通过相对于采样排放气体的压力在减压下进行发射气体样品的荧光检测，分析仪在一定时间内减少了排放气体样品内的颗粒碰撞次数。 这种碰撞失活和/或向气体样品中添加贫氧气体如氮气可以减少发射气体样品的荧光猝灭，提高汞的检测精度。

    Method and apparatus for generating oxidized mercury having a measurable concentration
    7.
    发明申请
    Method and apparatus for generating oxidized mercury having a measurable concentration 审中-公开
    用于产生具有可测量浓度的氧化汞的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US20060245974A1

    公开(公告)日：2006-11-02

    申请号：US11120316

    申请日：2005-05-02

    申请人： Dieter Kita ,  James Grassi

    发明人： Dieter Kita ,  James Grassi

    IPC分类号： B01D53/64 ,  G01N33/00

    CPC分类号： G01N33/20 ,  G01N31/005

    摘要： A calibration assembly generates oxidized mercury in known concentrations for calibrating components of a mercury monitoring system. The calibrator generates an elemental mercury stream having a known elemental mercury concentration, [Hg0]1, and combines an oxidizing component with the elemental mercury stream, thereby reducing the concentration of elemental mercury [Hg0]2 within the sample. The calibrator measures the concentration of elemental mercury [Hg0]2 within the stream and calculates a difference between the known elemental mercury concentration, [Hg0]1 and the reduced concentration [Hg0]2. The difference between [Hg0]1 and [Hg0]2 is substantially equal to the concentration of oxidized mercury produced by the calibrator. By providing oxidized mercury at a known concentration, the calibrator allows a user to calibrate continuous emission monitoring systems for accurate response to both elemental mercury and oxidized mercury.

    摘要翻译： 校准组件产生已知浓度的氧化汞，用于校准汞监测系统的组件。 校准器产生具有已知元素汞浓度的元素汞流，并将氧化组分与元素汞流组合，从而降低浓度 样品中的元素汞[Hg 2+] 2 。 校准器测量流内元素汞的浓度，并计算已知的元素汞浓度[Hg] 0 ] 1 和降低的浓度[Hg 2 O 3] 2。 [Hg 2+] 1和[Hg 2 O 3]之间的差异基本上等于氧化的 由校准器产生的汞。 通过提供已知浓度的氧化汞，校准器允许用户校准连续排放监测系统，以准确响应元素汞和氧化汞。

    Method and apparatus for monitoring mercury in a gas sample
    8.
    发明申请
    Method and apparatus for monitoring mercury in a gas sample 有权
    用于监测气体样品中汞的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US20060245973A1

    公开(公告)日：2006-11-02

    申请号：US11120182

    申请日：2005-05-02

    申请人： Dieter Kita ,  James Grassi ,  Jeffrey Socha ,  Dirk Appel

    发明人： Dieter Kita ,  James Grassi ,  Jeffrey Socha ,  Dirk Appel

    IPC分类号： G01N33/00

    CPC分类号： G01N33/0013 ,  G01N1/4044 ,  G01N21/6404

    摘要： Disclosed are a system and method for monitoring total mercury within a gas sample in a substantially continuous manner and for calibrating for both elemental and oxidized mercury. A converter of the Continuous Emission Monitoring System (CEMS) receives a gas sample containing vaporized mercury from a probe. The converter converts oxidized mercury present within the gas sample into an elemental mercury component and an oxidizing component using thermal cracking. The converter also reduces the pressure of the gas sample to minimize recombination of the elemental mercury component with the oxidizing components. A mercury analyzer of the system receives the reduced pressure gas sample from the converter and detects the fluorescence of the elemental mercury within the sample. The mercury analyzer holds the gas sample at the reduced pressure to reduce an effect of fluorescence quenching on the fluorescence of the elemental mercury within the sample and provides substantially accurate measurement of the concentration of the elemental mercury in the gas sample.

    摘要翻译： 公开了以基本上连续的方式监测气体样品中的总汞并用于校准元素和氧化汞的系统和方法。 连续排放监测系统（CEMS）的转换器从探头接收含有汽化汞的气体样品。 该转换器将气体样品中存在的氧化汞转化成元素汞组分和使用热裂解的氧化组分。 该转化器还降低气体样品的压力，以使元素汞组分与氧化组分的复合最小化。 系统的汞分析仪从转换器接收减压气体样品并检测样品中元素汞的荧光。 汞分析仪在减压下保持气体样品，以减少荧光猝灭对样品中元素汞的荧光的影响，并提供气体样品中元素汞浓度的基本准确的测量。

    Method and apparatus for converting oxidized mercury into elemental mercury
    9.
    发明申请
    Method and apparatus for converting oxidized mercury into elemental mercury 审中-公开
    将氧化汞转化为元素汞的方法和设备

    公开(公告)号：US20060243096A1

    公开(公告)日：2006-11-02

    申请号：US11120315

    申请日：2005-05-02

    申请人： Dieter Kita ,  James Grassi ,  Jeffrey Socha ,  Dirk Appel

    发明人： Dieter Kita ,  James Grassi ,  Jeffrey Socha ,  Dirk Appel

    IPC分类号： C22B43/00

    CPC分类号： C22B43/00 ,  B01D53/64 ,  B01D2257/602 ,  C22B7/001 ,  Y02P10/214

    摘要： An oxidized mercury converter utilizes a combination of heat, reduced pressure, and dilution when converting oxidized mercury in a gas sample into elemental mercury. The converter applies heat to a gas sample to thermally convert oxidized mercury within a gas sample into elemental mercury and an oxidizing component, and thereafter reduces the pressure of the gas sample to minimize combination of the elemental mercury with other oxidizing compounds present in the gas sample and/or with byproducts of the thermal conversion (e.g., the oxidizing components). The converter thus allows an accurate analysis of the total amount of mercury, both oxidized and elemental forms, present within a gas sample without the need to use consumable reagents in the mercury conversion process.

    摘要翻译： 氧化汞转化器在将气体样品中的氧化汞转化为元素汞时，利用热，减压和稀释的组合。 转换器向气体样品施加热量以将气体样品中的氧化汞热转化为元素汞和氧化组分，然后降低气体样品的压力，以使元素汞与气体样品中存在的其他氧化化合物的组合最小化 和/或与热转化的副产物（例如，氧化组分）。 因此，转换器可以准确分析存在于气体样品中的氧化元素和元素的总量，而不需要在汞转化过程中使用可消耗的试剂。