摘要:
A reflection type color liquid crystal display apparatus comprising a polarizing plate 1 having an absorbing axis 18, a birefringent plate 3, a liquid crystal layer 6 and a reflection layer 8 wherein the absorbing axis 18, a first orientation 14, a second orientation 15, a first optical anisotropic axis 16 and a second anisotropic axis 17 are set so as to form predetermined crossing angles .theta..sub.1, .theta..sub.2, .theta..sub.3, .theta..sub.4, and selected voltage values of at least three values are applied to the liquid crystal layer 6 from a multiplex driving circuit 10.Without using a color filter, a very bright chromatic color (white or black) is displayed at the time of an OFF waveform even in multiplex driving, and development of colors of very bright red, blue and green can be obtained with a selection voltage or an intermediate voltage between the selection voltage and a non-selection voltage.
摘要:
A color liquid crystal display device has a liquid crystal layer of nematic liquid crystal having positive dielectric anisotropy and including a chiral material, which is interposed between two substrates disposed substantially in parallel, each provided with a transparent electrode and an aligning layer. The twist angle of the liquid crystal layer of liquid crystal molecules determined by the aligning layer of each of the substrates is 160°-300°. A pair of polarizing plates disposed outside the liquid crystal layer. A driving circuit applies a driving voltage across the transparent electrodes. A birefringent plate is disposed between the liquid crystal layer and an upper polarizing plates and a product &Dgr;n1·d1 of a refractive index anisotropy &Dgr;n1 of the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer and a thickness d1 of the liquid crystal layer is 1.2 &mgr;m-2.5 &mgr;m. The birefringent plate is formed to have a relation of nx≧nz≧ny wherein nx and ny respectively represent a refractive index (nx>ny) in a film plane direction of the birefringent plate, and nz represents a refractive index in the thickness direction of the birefringent plate (except for a case of nx=nz=ny). The birefringent plate has the sum &Dgr;n2·d2 of the refractive index anisotropy between a slow axis (a direction of nx in the film plane) and a fast axis (a direction of ny in the film plane), and birefringence in the thickness direction is 1.2 &mgr;m-2.5 &mgr;m. At least three voltage values are selected to be applied across the transparent electrodes by multiplexing driving.
摘要:
A color liquid crystal display device has a liquid crystal layer of nematic liquid crystal having positive dielectric anisotropy and including a chiral material, which is interposed between two substrates disposed substantially in parallel, each provided with a transparent electrode and an aligning layer. The twist angle of the liquid crystal layer of liquid crystal molecules determined by the aligning layer of each of the substrates is 160.degree.-300.degree.. A pair of polarizing plates are disposed outside the liquid crystal layer. A driving circuit applies a driving voltage across the transparent electrodes. A birefringent plate is disposed between the liquid crystal layer and an upper polarizing plate and the product .DELTA.n.sub.1 .multidot.d.sub.1 of the refractive index anisotropy .DELTA.n.sub.1 of the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer and the thickness d.sub.1 of the liquid crystal layer is 1.2 .mu.m-2.5 .mu.m. The birefringent plate is formed to have a relation of n.sub.X .gtoreq.n.sub.Z .gtoreq.n.sub.Y, wherein n.sub.X and n.sub.Y respectively represent the refractive index (n.sub.X .gtoreq.n.sub.Y) in a film plane direction of the birefringent plate, and n.sub.Z represents the refractive index in the thickness direction of the birefringent plate (except for a case of n.sub.X =n.sub.Z =n.sub.Y). The birefringent plate has the sum .DELTA.n.sub.2 .multidot.d.sub.2 of the refractive index anisotropy between a slow axis (a direction of n.sub.X in the film plane) and a fast axis (a direction of n.sub.Y in the film plane), and birefringence in the thickness direction is 1.2 .mu.m-2.5 .mu.m. At least three voltage values are selected to be applied across the transparent electrodes by multiplexing driving and development of a white color is effected by applying an OFF voltage.
摘要:
A transparent resist 13 having a certain thickness is provided on a full reflection film 11a at light reflection portions 11, and light reflection portions 12 are formed as holes having a certain depth, when one of the substrates 10 has an inner surface provided with the light reflection portions 11 made of the full reflection film 11a and the light transmission portions 12 formed as openings without the full reflection layer, and a color filter 14 is provided on each paired light reflection portion 11 and light transmission portion 12.
摘要:
In order to fabricate a light reflective structure for a liquid crystal display, a photosensitive resin layer is formed with use of a thermosetting photosensitive resin, the photosensitive resin layer is exposed through a photomask having a particular pattern by a proximity method, the exposed photosensitive resin layer is developed to form an insolubilized resin layer, and the insolubilized resin layer is subjected to a heat treatment to have surface smoothness improved and to accelerate setting of the resin layer.
摘要:
In order to fabricate a light reflective structure for a liquid crystal display, a photosensitive resin layer is formed with use of a thermosetting photosensitive resin, the photosensitive resin layer is exposed through a photomask having a particular pattern by a proximity method, the exposed photosensitive resin layer is developed to form an insolubilized resin layer, and the insolubilized resin layer is subjected to a heat treatment to have surface smoothness improved and to accelerate setting of the resin layer.
摘要:
A reflective type STN color liquid crystal display device having polarizers a liquid crystal layer a birefringent plate, an absorbing axis of upper polarizer, an absorbing axis of lower polarizer. Also include is the direction of a long axis of a liquid crystal molecule at an upper side of the liquid crystal layer, the direction of a long axis of a liquid crystal molecule at a lower side, a slow axis of birefringent plate, scanning electrodes of an N number, and data electrodes. Further BR≦PN−2 is satisfied when PN=N0.5+1 and bias value BR=(Vr+Vc)/(Vc).
摘要:
Disclosed is an esterification reaction product which is capable of gelling both an oil agent and a cyclic silicone or a volatile dimethylpolysiloxane, or both an oil agent and a nonvolatile dimethylpolysiloxane. Also disclosed are a gelling agent contacting the esterification reaction product, and a cosmetic preparation containing the esterification reaction product or the gelling product and having an excellent feeling of use. Specifically, the cosmetic preparation contains, as a gelling agent, an esterification reaction product which is obtained by esterifying a component A that is a polyhydric alcohol or a condensate thereof, a component B that is a saturated dibasic acid having 10-28 carbon atoms, a component C that is a linear saturated fatty acid having 16-28 carbon atoms, and a component D that is a branched saturated fatty acid having 8-28 carbon atoms at a blending ratio (component A: component B) of 1.0 mole:0.10-0.20 mole.
摘要:
1-Carbamoyl-5-fluorouracil derivatives represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents methyl, ethyl, phenyl or cyclohexyl and R.sub.2 represents hydrogen or is the same as R.sub.1 are effective anti-metabolites useful in treating lymphatic leukemia L1210, sarcoma 180A and Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in mice.
摘要:
According to the present invention, there is provided an etching method comprising the steps of forming a first thin film on a surface of a substrate to be processed, supporting the substrate to be processed, forming a second thin film serving to deactivate an active gas used for etching the first thin film, on a surface of a mask plate piece used as the first thin film mask, fixing the mask plate piece so that the first thin film and the second thin film oppose to each other with a predetermined distance therebetween, and etching the first thin film by supplying the active gas to the first thin film via the mask plate piece.