公开(公告)号：US06662103B1

公开(公告)日：2003-12-09

申请号：US09532026

申请日：2000-03-21

申请人： Jeffrey F. Skolnick ,  Edward R. Barrientos ,  Sean M. Beliveau ,  Thomas M. Hedges ,  Eric J. Lundberg ,  Edmund S. Pendleton ,  Roger Wells

发明人： Jeffrey F. Skolnick ,  Edward R. Barrientos ,  Sean M. Beliveau ,  Thomas M. Hedges ,  Eric J. Lundberg ,  Edmund S. Pendleton ,  Roger Wells

IPC分类号： G01C2126

CPC分类号： G06Q10/08 ,  G01C15/00 ,  G01C15/002 ,  G01S1/54 ,  G01S1/70 ,  G01S5/16

摘要： A method and system allows conversion of three-dimensional data from a default coordinate frame to an arbitrary user-selected coordinate frame. The method includes obtaining position data in a default coordinate frame and transforming the data into an alternate coordinate frame defined by the user. The alternate coordinate frame can be defined by allowing the user to select a plane, an origin, and an axis, using any desired coordinate system and in any desired orientation. The transformed data allows presentation of position measurements in a form that is relevant to the user's specific application.

摘要翻译： 方法和系统允许将三维数据从默认坐标系转换为任意用户选择的坐标系。 该方法包括在默认坐标系中获取位置数据，并将数据变换为由用户定义的备用坐标系。 可以通过允许用户使用任何所需的坐标系和任何期望的方向来选择平面，原点和轴来定义替代坐标系。 转换的数据允许以与用户的具体应用相关的形式呈现位置测量。

公开(公告)号：US20020005944A1

公开(公告)日：2002-01-17

申请号：US09950144

申请日：2001-09-10

发明人： Timothy Pratt ,  Scott C. Casteel ,  Thomas M. Hedges ,  Donald Todd

IPC分类号： G01C001/00 ,  G01B011/26

CPC分类号： G06Q10/08 ,  G01C15/002 ,  G01S1/54 ,  G01S1/70 ,  G01S5/16

摘要： An optical transmitter for use in position location or position measurement systems includes (i) an assembly including two optical sources that generate two optical beams which diverge in known ways in a first and second plane, respectively, and are narrow in the orthogonal planes, (ii) a power source which provides power to the assembly to rotate it at a constant angular velocity or with a previously known pattern of velocities through each complete rotation of the assembly, and (iii) a signaling unit that emits a synchronization signal at a specific rotational position of the assembly. The optical transmitter can be used in systems for determining points, lines, planes, distances, areas, volumes, azimuth, elevation, range, angles, or any other positional or spatial variable. The optical transmitter has wide application in, for example, surveying, construction, and the creation of virtual or real environments.

公开(公告)号：US4677442A

公开(公告)日：1987-06-30

申请号：US614608

申请日：1984-05-29

申请人： Mohamed Enein

发明人： Mohamed Enein

IPC分类号： G01S1/08 ,  G01S1/54 ,  G01S1/16 ,  G01S1/18

CPC分类号： G01S1/54

摘要： A microwave landing system incorporates a set of antennas for the sequential transmission of guidance signals through a sequence of directions to enable the reception and decoding of the signals by an airborne receiver. Circuitry is included for the retransmission of a frame of the signals by a procedure wherein the directions of transmissions is altered so as to increase the guidance sector over which the receiver is effective.

摘要翻译： 微波着陆系统包括一组天线，用于通过一系列方向顺序传输引导信号，以使能由机载接收机接收和解码信号。 包括用于重传信号帧的电路，其中改变传输方向以增加接收机有效的引导扇区。

公开(公告)号：US4617569A

公开(公告)日：1986-10-14

申请号：US622341

申请日：1984-06-19

申请人： Bruno Letoquart

发明人： Bruno Letoquart

IPC分类号： G01S1/54 ,  G01S1/18

CPC分类号： G01S1/54

摘要： A process and means for increasing the range and the protection against jamming of a MLS system. It consists of transmitting a supplementary or reinforced preamble for each MLS function or group of MLS functions, via a scanning antenna used for the azimuth function, during the time when the latter is not normally used. This supplementary preamble consists of a certain number, e.g. four preferably accelerated scans, the variation between these scans being characteristic of the following function or functions.

摘要翻译： 一种用于增加MLS系统的范围和防止卡住的保护的过程和手段。 它包括通过用于方位角函数的扫描天线，在通常不使用后者的情况下，为每个MLS功能或一组MLS功能发送补充或加强前导码。 该补充前序由一定数量，例如 四个优选加速扫描，这些扫描之间的变化是以下功能或特征的特征。

公开(公告)号：US3298026A

公开(公告)日：1967-01-10

申请号：US30355663

申请日：1963-08-21

申请人： CSF

发明人： PAUL FOMBONNE

IPC分类号： C08K3/00 ,  C09B47/10 ,  G01S1/02 ,  G01S1/54

CPC分类号： G01S1/54 ,  C08K3/013 ,  C09B47/10 ,  G01S1/02 ,  C08L67/02

摘要： 1,045,310. Radio navigation. CSF-COMPAGNIE GENERALE DE TELEGRAPHIE SANS FIL. Aug. 20, 1963 [Aug. 23, 1962], No. 32991/63. Heading H4D. In a radio navigation system in which a surface S 0 is defined by moving beams one at least of which has a characteristic which is a function of its instantaneous angular position, the corresponding receiver stores a continuous signal which is a function of the ratios of the characteristics of the beams at surface S 0 . The direction-characterizing signals may be carrier wave amplitude, frequency or phase, or those of a signal modulating the carrier wave. In the ground installation of a landing system, Figs. 4a, 4b, line OA is the plan projection of a vertical plane Pa in which an aircraft M has to descend; this vertical plane is defined by transmitters D 1 , G 1 symmetrically placed with respect to line OA and radiating contrarotating scanning beams (S 1 1, S 1 2 ) about vertical axes, the instantaneous positions of the beams being defined by their azimuths # 1 , # 2 , Fig. 2b, as functions E 1 1 (# 1 ), E 1 2 (# 2 ). Plane Pa is defined by corresponding received voltage ratios e 1 1 , e 1 2 . The elevation of M from O is defined by two scanning beams (S 1 , S 2 ) of the same origin S, Fig. 2a; these beams have their respective instantaneous positions defined by angles # 1 , # 2 : a characteristic of the first beam varies as E 1 (# 1 )= log a#, where a is a constant and the corresponding characteristic of the second beam has a constant value E 2 . Distance measurement is afforded by a transmitter at a point D 11 from which a beam (S 11 ) rotates in azimuth with a characterizing function E 1 11 (α 1 ) = log pb/tan α, where p = D 11 O, b is a constant and α 1 is azimuthal angle relative to a line through D 11 and parallel to OA. Since OM#Om = r, E 11 1 #log br. A further beam, rotating similarly, may be added at D 11 , its characterizing function being E 11 2 = constant. Transmitters, Fig. 5.-The corresponding transmitting arrangement utilizes serials 101 ... 105 to produce corresponding characterizing functions E 2 , E 1 (# 1 ), E 11 1 (α 1 ), E 1 1 (# 1 ), E 1 2 (# 2 ); the carrier wave frequencies are identical and the five beams are transmitted consecutively. The characteristic used is the amplitude of a signal proportional to the value to be reproduced and modulates in amplitude a lowfrequency (L.F.) wave which itself frequencymodulates the carrier wave. The frequency of the L.F. wave is different for each beam. The aerials are fed and driven by similar systems: e.g. system 192 comprises an electro-mechanical rotator 122, a backward-wave oscillator 112 of frequency varying linearly as a function of voltage applied by a potentiometer 132 fed from a D.C. source 142 and controlled by a rotator 122, via an amplitude modulator 152 also fed from a L.F. oscillator 162. The various aerial displacements are synchronized by a device 230: for example beam S 11 sweeps through a 90-degree sector, S 1 and S 2 sweep through a common -20-degree sector, and S 1 1 and S 1 2 sweep respectively through two 230-degree sectors to cover up to 50 degrees on either side of plane Pa, a complete five-beam cycle lasting 1/10 second, and beams being blanked during rotation or oscillation outside the desired sectors. The L.F. oscillators have frequencies f 1 . . . f 5 corresponding to aerials 101 ... 105. A monitoring receiver 200 is fed from a fixed aerial 210 of known spatial co-ordinates and generates error signals to modify the D.C. voltages fed to the potentiometers in units 191 ... 195. Aircraft receivers. Fig. 6.-The aircraft receiver comprises a super-heterodyne receiver 10, the output signals at I.F. passing via a limiter 11, to remove any amplitude modulation of the carrier wave, to a linear discriminator 12 supplying the L.F. signals which are filtered by units 21 . . . 25 centred on respective frequencies f 1 . . . f 5 . The filtered L.F. signals F are detected (31 ... 35) and applied to normallyopen. electronic switches 41 ...45 controlled by a detector 14 the output from which is a pulse when a beam sweeps through the aircraft; that pulse controls receiver gain and, after differentiation, clipping and further differentiation, closes switches 41 ... 45 only at the peak of an incoming signal. The switch outputs are fed to devices 51 . . . 55 each consisting of a comparator followed by an integrator: the second inputs to the comparators are continuous voltages e 2 &c. and the comparator outputs are integrated over a few successive sweeps to afford error signals of the form F-e. The output of device 51 is applied as a gain control to a L.F. amplifier 13 to maintain the peak level of the signal F 2 at the output of switch 41 at a constant level equal to e 2 . The outputs of the comparators 52 ... 55 control the gains of respective amplifiers 72 ... 75 to adjust the voltages e 1 , e 11 , e 1 1 and e 1 2 according to the peak values of the corresponding signals F. For azimuthal guidance the outputs of amplifiers 74 and 75 are compared on a centrezero voltmeter 81. For a linear glide slope of angle # 3 , voltage e 1 is compared with a voltage e 2 log # 3 /E 2 where Eg is a constant. Asymptotic approach, Fig. 6.-For an asymptotic approach to landing the aircraft first follows part of a line of slope γ 0 , terminating at a point Q a distance d ahead of touchdown point O, and then follows a shallower line of slope #. Substantially log # + log r - log (r - d) - log γ 0 = 0 where r is the distance of the aircraft from point O. A.C. voltages of equal amplitudes v and in anti-phase are provided by sources 80, 84. Voltage vL0 0 modulates voltages e, and e 11 thereby affording voltages representing log # and log r at the outputs of modulators 82, 83 respectively. Sources 80, 84 feed identical logarithmic potentiometers 831, 832 the output of potentiometer 831 being proportional to log k 1 # where k 1 is a constant and # is the angular position of its shaft reckoned from a reference position such that when k 1 # =1 the output amplitude is zero. A servo-mechanism 834 supplies a signal log r - log k 1 # to position the shaft of the potentiometer at #=r/k 1 . A differential mechanism 833 angularly displaces the shaft of potentiometer 832 by a quantity d with respect to that of potentiometer 831, and, k 1 being conveniently made unity, the angular position of the shaft of the former represents (r - d) and it supplies a voltage representing - log (r - d). A manually-operated potentiometer 821 supplies a voltage representing - log γ 0 . The four voltages representing log #, - log γ 0 , - log (r - d) and log r are respectively supplied to a summing amplifier 89 directly and via switches I 1 , I 2 , I 3 which when closed afford an amplifier output " error " voltage the phase and amplitude of which respectively indicate the sense and magnitude of error from the first part of the glide path and are determined by a detector 85 the output from which is read on a centre-zero D.C. voltmeter 86. When the aircraft's distance from the touchdown point falls to r 0 , corresponding to the beginning of the shallower glide path, switches I 1 , I 2 , I 3 , are opened and switch I, is closed by a circuit 88. fed with voltages representing log γ 0 from a potentiometer 87 and log from amplifier 73; amplifier 89 then supplies a signal representing log # - log (# desired). A path with further linear sections, or a continuouslycurved glide path, may be arranged, Fig. 9. To avoid the effects of possible variations in the characteristics of filters 21 ... 25 and possible differences between the characteristics of detectors 31 ... 35, the L.F. amplifier 13 may feed a single detector. Fig. 7. Calibration.-The monitoring receiver 200, Fig. 5, may be similar to the aircraft receiver of Fig. 6 or 7: however, the gain of amplifier 13 is constant and amplifiers 72... 75 are replaced by manually-adjustable potentiometers. It is stated that the invention reduces errors due to re-radiating objects other than those between transmitter and receiver.

公开(公告)号：US2689952A

公开(公告)日：1954-09-21

申请号：US20330450

申请日：1950-12-29

申请人： GILFILLAN BROS INC

发明人： JOHNSON JR THOMAS J ,  ALSTYNE ALVIN G VAN

IPC分类号： G01S1/54

CPC分类号： G01S1/54

公开(公告)号：US2586810A

公开(公告)日：1952-02-26

申请号：US78116547

申请日：1947-10-21

申请人： INT STANDARD ELECTRIC CORP

发明人： ALEXANDER FRUM

IPC分类号： G01S1/54

CPC分类号： G01S1/54

公开(公告)号：US08214081B2

公开(公告)日：2012-07-03

申请号：US12442692

申请日：2007-09-21

申请人： Doo-jin Choi ,  Seong-jong Han ,  Yun-Seo Choi ,  Young-jun Park ,  Jae-hoon Kim

发明人： Doo-jin Choi ,  Seong-jong Han ,  Yun-Seo Choi ,  Young-jun Park ,  Jae-hoon Kim

IPC分类号： G05B19/18

CPC分类号： G01S1/54 ,  G05D1/0236 ,  G05D1/027 ,  G05D1/0272 ,  G05D1/0274

摘要： A wall climbing robot using an Indoor Global Positioning System (IGPS) provided in a room is disclosed. The wall climbing robot includes a navigation receiver configured to receive rotating fan beams emitted from one or more navigation transmitters of the indoor global positioning system, and recognize the rotating fan beams as IGPS signals; a robot frame provided with the navigation receiver mounted; a mobile controller configured to be installed on the robot frame, and to recognize and determine its own position using the IGPS signals; and a drive mechanism configured to travel along the surfaces of the room under control of the mobile controller. The mobile controller includes a central processing unit, an input/output unit, a motion control unit, a drive control unit, a navigation control unit, a sensor signal processor, an emergency processing unit, and an alarm generator.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种使用室内设置的室内全球定位系统（IGPS）的爬墙机器人。 该攀岩机器人包括：导航接收器，被配置为接收从室内全球定位系统的一个或多个导航发射器发射的旋转扇形光束，并将旋转扇形光束识别为IGPS信号; 设置有安装的导航接收器的机器人框架; 移动控制器，被配置为安装在所述机器人框架上，并使用所述IGPS信号来识别和确定其自己的位置; 以及驱动机构，其构造成在所述移动控制器的控制下沿着所述房间的表面行进。 移动控制器包括中央处理单元，输入/输出单元，运动控制单元，驱动控制单元，导航控制单元，传感器信号处理器，应急处理单元和报警发生器。

公开(公告)号：US20070249400A1

公开(公告)日：2007-10-25

申请号：US11659726

申请日：2004-08-10

申请人： Koji Kaneko ,  Kuniyuki Suzuki

发明人： Koji Kaneko ,  Kuniyuki Suzuki

IPC分类号： H04B7/26

CPC分类号： G01S3/66 ,  G01S1/54

摘要： A base station communicates with a mobile station in a mobile communication system. The base station includes a directivity control unit that controls transmission of a first antenna beam encoded for identification by using a first code, and a second antenna beam encoded for identification by using a second code different from the first code. The first antenna beam rotates clockwise, and the second antenna beam rotates counterclockwise.

摘要翻译： 基站在移动通信系统中与移动台进行通信。 基站包括：方向性控制单元，其控制通过使用第一代码编码以进行识别的第一天线波束的发送;以及第二天线波束，其通过使用与第一码不同的第二码进行识别。 第一天线波束顺时针旋转，第二天线波束逆时针旋转。

公开(公告)号：US4899160A

公开(公告)日：1990-02-06

申请号：US246683

申请日：1988-09-20

申请人： Yoshihiko Kuwahara

发明人： Yoshihiko Kuwahara

IPC分类号： G01S1/04 ,  G01S1/54 ,  G05D1/06 ,  H01Q3/40 ,  H01Q21/29

CPC分类号： G01S1/54 ,  G01S1/042 ,  G05D1/0676 ,  H01Q21/29 ,  H01Q3/40

摘要： Guidance equipment for a microwave landing system has an azimuth guidance device and an elevation guidance device for providing angle information constructed into a single assembly. The selective formation of an azimuth scanning beam and an elevation scanning beam and the transmission of preamble signals are implemented by a single circuitry.

摘要翻译： 用于微波着陆系统的引导设备具有方位引导装置和仰角引导装置，用于提供构成单个组件的角度信息。 方位扫描光束和仰角扫描光束的选择性形成以及前置信号的传输由单个电路实现。