Abstract:
In a nonvolatile memory apparatus, a system bus receives address, command, and/or control signals. Memory cells store bits of data by shifting a threshold voltage to one of plural ranges. In writing a first page, the threshold voltage of a first memory cell remains in a first range or shifts into a second range. In writing a second page, the threshold voltage remains in the first or second voltages, or shifts into a third range from the first range or into a fourth range from the second range. Before writing the second page, the memory reads data from the first memory cell for generating the second page writing data. A shifting direction of the threshold voltage from the first to the second range is the same as a shifting direction from the first to the third range.
Abstract:
In response to a read command received by a system interface unit for accessing a plurality of blocks of data stored in said non-volatile semiconductor memory, a controller carries out selective read operations of blocks of data to two memories from the non-volatile semiconductor memory. The controller also carries out parallel operations of data transferring a first block of data, which has already been subjected to error detection and error correction operations by an error correction unit, from one of the two memories to a host system via said system interface unit and of data transferring of a second block of data to be subjected to the error detection and error correction operation, from said non-volatile semiconductor memory to the other of the two memories.
Abstract:
An expansion image processing board 6 (expansion information processing module) of the present invention, which is installable in a network printer 2 having an image processing board 5 (information processing module), includes: a second printer function control section 28 (expansion information processing section) which controls the network printer 2; and a router 31 (data relaying section) which relays data to the second printer function control section 28 or the image processing board 5. Therefore, the expansion image processing board 6 is capable of simply and efficiently extending a functionality of the network printer 2.
Abstract:
An electrically alterable non-volatile multi-level memory device and a method of operating such a device, which includes setting a status of at least one of the memory cells to one state selected from a plurality of states including at least first to fourth level states, in response to information to be stored in the one memory cell, and reading the status of the memory cell to determine whether the read out status corresponds to one of the first to fourth level states by utilizing a first reference level set between the second and third level states, a second reference level set between the first and second level states and a third reference level set between the third and fourth level states.
Abstract:
An electrically alterable non-volatile multi-level memory device and a method of operating such a device, which includes setting a status of at least one of the memory cells to one state selected from a plurality of states including at least first to fourth level states, in response to information to be stored in the one memory cell, and reading the status of the memory cell to determine whether the read out status corresponds to one of the first to fourth level states by utilizing a first reference level set between the second and third level states, a second reference level set between the first and second level states and a third reference level set between the third and fourth level states.
Abstract:
A relay apparatus (relay unit) is provided between a PC, from which image data is transmitted, and an image recording apparatus (image recording unit). The relay apparatus executes a process for correcting a color on the image data transmitted from the PC to the image recording apparatus. In addition, a storage unit of the relay apparatus stores unique information of the image recording apparatus, such as a production number. The relay apparatus executes processes for correcting the image data and for adding the unique information to the image data transmitted from the PC, and then transmits the processed image data to the image recording apparatus. Thus, realized is an image recording system and the relay apparatus, in which it is not necessary to provide a circuit which executes a process for embedding unique information in the image data in the image recording apparatus, so that deterioration in quality of the image caused by the unique information can be prevented as much as possible.
Abstract:
A sheet transport apparatus of the present invention is arranged so that a first eject tray is located at a position to which sheets are ejectable in such a manner that front and back surfaces of the sheets are not reversed after the sheets are subjected to predetermined processing. Further, the sheet transport apparatus of the present invention is provided with a first eject tray operation section for aligning leading edges of the sheets ejected to the first eject tray by changing a positional relation in a vertical direction between an upstream side and a downstream side of the first eject tray in a sheet transporting direction.
Abstract:
By rapidly heating a precursor wire having a multifilamentary structure in which multiple composite cores in which a composite compound of an Nb—Ga compound and Nb is embedded in Nb are embedded in Nb, Ta, Nb-base alloy or Ta-base alloy as a matrix material to a temperature range of 1400 to 2100° C. in 2 seconds, quenching the precursor wire at a rate of 5000° C./second or larger, and subjecting the precursor wire to additional heat treatment at a temperature range of 600 to 850° C. for 1 to 400 hours, a superconducting wire having a multifilamentary structure in which multiple composite cores in which a composite compound containing Nb3Ga of a stoichiometric composition embedded in Nb are embedded in Nb, Ta, Nb-base alloy or Ta-base alloy as a matrix material is obtained.
Abstract:
Engine oil compositions are provided containing (A) a lubricating base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of 3 to 6 mm2/S, a viscosity index of 120 or more, and a total aromatic content of 5 percent by mass or less and (B) a polymethacrylate-based viscosity index improver, preferably having a weight average molecular weight of 180,000 or more, (A) and (B) being blended in such an amount that the composition has a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of 4.0 to 9.3 mm2/s. The engine oil compositions may also contain a molybdenumdithiocarbamate, as well as one or more other engine oil additives. The engine oil compositions preferably have a high-temperature, high shear viscosity at 150° C. of 2.4 to 2.7 mPa·s, a NOACK evaporation loss of 16 percent by mass or less, and a CCS viscosity at −25° C. of 3500 mPa·s or less.
Abstract:
In response to a read command received by a system interface unit for accessing a plurality of blocks of data stored in said non-volatile semiconductor memory, a controller carries out selective read operations of blocks of data to two memories from the non-volatile semiconductor memory. The controller also carries out parallel operations of data transferring a first block of data, which has already been subjected to error detection and error correction operations by an error correction unit, from one of the two memories to a host system via said system interface unit and of data transferring of a second block of data to be subjected to the error detection and error correction operation, from said non-volatile semiconductor memory to the other of the two memories.