Abstract:
A camera according to the present invention comprises a camera body, a cover unit attached to the camera body so as to be rotatably opened and closed about a spindle, and a stop member provided to prevent the cover unit from rotating over a predetermined angle, wherein the cover unit is constituted by an inner cover and an outer cover integrally attached as a unit in a state where electric circuit components are interposed therebetween.
Abstract:
The method of fabricating a nonlinear resistance element includes the steps of: forming on a substrate a first conductive film having tantalum as a main component to which is added tungsten; forming an insulating film on the first conductive film by anodization of the first conductive film, using an electrolyte comprising tungstic acid ions and under conditions by which the pH of the electrolyte is conditioned in accordance with the tungsten concentration within the first conductive film; and forming a second conductive film on the insulating film. The "polarity difference" of the nonlinear resistance element varies with the tungsten concentration in the first conductive film, and it also varies with the pH of the electrolyte, even when the tungsten concentration is the same. Therefore, the "polarity difference" can be set to substantially zero by regulating the tungsten concentration within the first metal film and by setting the pH of the electrolyte that is used in the anodization to match this tungsten concentration. An aqueous solution of ammonium tungstate is preferably used as the electrolyte for the anodization and ammonia is preferably used as the pH conditioner.
Abstract:
An outer body surrounds a main body and is rotatable with respect to the main body to move up and down a cosmetic holder received in the main body. An insert sleeve is coupled integrally to the upper end portion of the outer body, by welding, integral-forming or any other suitable coupling device. The main body has an annular projection on its outer peripheral surface, which rotatably and elastically contacts with a lower portion of the insert sleeve. In an embodiment, the insert sleeve has a downwardly extending tongue which may be deformed elastically and contact with the projection of the main body. The projection is spaced apart from the outer body.
Abstract:
The present invention provides spot-illumination of a specific size having sufficiently homogeneous light intensity distribution, with a small and inexpensive apparatus. A lighting assembly condenses the light from light source 1 with condensing-reflecting member 2. An optical integrator 3 receives at its one end the light via condensing-reflecting member 2 and emits from the other end after making the light intensity distribution homogeneous A projection lens system 4 projects the emitting surface of optical integrator 3 onto an emitted surface. By shifting the relative positioning between the lighting assembly and the substrate 11, and adjusting the distance between the substrate 11 and the mask 12, which stores a pattern to be formed, a specified area of the exposure surface 11a is scanned and exposed to have a mask pattern transcribed on the exposure surface 11a.
Abstract:
A photographing apparatus is equipped with a photographing optical system, a film holding member on which the photographing optical system is fixed, a supporting frame which rotatably supports the film holding member around a shaft, an outer supporting frame which rotatably supports the supporting frame around the shaft, a finder optical system which has an optical axis different from that of the photographing optical system and which is mounted on the top surface of the outer supporting frame, an AF distance measuring section for measuring the distance to an object, and a captive cam for driving the film holding member and a captive cam for driving the supporting frames for correcting parallax in accordance with the output of the AF distance measuring section. The captive cams are driven also for correcting the blur of an exposure image.
Abstract:
In forming a plano-convex lens from a column-like lens blank by heating the blank to a temperature higher than the transition temperature thereof and by pressurizing an upper die with a closed space formed between the blank and the upper die, there are alternately repeated operations of pressurizing the upper die and stopping the application of pressure thereto. Through the control of the amount of displacement of the upper die, the maximum pressure of gas in the closed space at each pressurizing step is so controlled: as to be low according to the surface viscosity of the blank to the extent that no local concave deformation in the surface of the blank is produced; and as to be high to the extent that gas caught in the closed space is discharged at each step of stopping the application of pressure.
Abstract:
In a combustion heater, at the time of ignition, a fuel supply amount is increased in a stepwise fashion. On the other hand, at the time of extinction, the fuel supply amount is decreased in a stepwise fashion. The fuel supply amount is increased stepwise using different fuel increasing amounts or different fuel increasing periods, both depending on heat quantities generated by a burner at respective fuel increasing time points. At the time of extinction, the fuel supply amount and an air supply amount are both reduced to given values, respectively, and held at the given values for a given time period. After lapse of the given time period, the fuel supply amount is reduced to zero, while the air supply amount is held at the given value for a further given time period. The air supply amount is changed with a given time delay relative to a change of the fuel supply amount. The time delay may be adjusted depending on a temperature in the burner.
Abstract:
A method of making a nonwoven fabric having biodegradability which can be advantageously used as a biodegradable material for general disposable-type household supplies represented by such items as sanitary materials, wiping cloths, and packaging materials. The nonwoven fabric is formed of a fiber material made of poly-.epsilon.-caprolactone and/or poly-.beta.-propiolactone. The nonwoven fabric contains not less than 20% by weight of such a fiber material having a filament fineness of 0.8 to 6 denier. This provides sufficient tensile strength and soft hand which enable the nonwoven fabric to be advantageously used in practical applications. Where the nonwoven fabric is formed of a superfine fiber of the above noted type having a filament fineness of less than 0.8 denier, it has particularly remarkable soft hand.