公开(公告)号：US20120090685A1

公开(公告)日：2012-04-19

申请号：US13273753

申请日：2011-10-14

Applicant: Stephen R. Forrest ,  Brian E. Lassiter ,  Jun Y. Lee ,  Kyoung S. Yook ,  Soon O. Jeon ,  Byung D. Chin

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Brian E. Lassiter ,  Jun Y. Lee ,  Kyoung S. Yook ,  Soon O. Jeon ,  Byung D. Chin

IPC: H01L51/44 ,  H01L51/46 ,  H01L51/48 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  B82Y99/00

CPC classification number: H01L51/0012 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  H01L51/001 ,  H01L51/0046 ,  H01L51/0072 ,  H01L51/424 ,  H01L51/4246 ,  H01L51/4253 ,  Y02E10/549 ,  Y02P70/521

Abstract: There is disclosed ultrathin film material templating layers that force the morphology of subsequently grown electrically active thin films have been found to increase the performance of small molecule organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells. There is disclosed electron-transporting material, such as hexaazatriphenylene-hexacarbonitrile (HAT-CN) can be used as a templating material that forces donor materials, such as copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) to assume a vertical-standing morphology when deposited onto its surface on an electrode, such as an indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode. It has been shown that for a device with HAT-CN as the templating buffer layer, the fill factor and short circuit current of CuPc:C60 OPVs were both improved compared with cells lacking the HAT-CN template. This is explained by the reduction of the series resistance due to the improved crystallinity of CuPc grown onto the ITO surface.

Abstract translation: 已经公开了超薄膜材料模板层，其强制随后生长的电活性薄膜的形态已经被发现增加小分子有机光伏（OPV）电池的性能。 公开了电子传输材料，例如六氮杂三亚苯基 - 六甲腈（HAT-CN）可用作模板材料，其在诸如铜酞菁（CuPc）等沉积在其表面上时呈现垂直立体形态 诸如氧化铟锡（ITO）电极的电极。 已经表明，对于具有HAT-CN作为模板缓冲层的器件，与缺乏HAT-CN模板的细胞相比，CuPc：C60 OPV的填充因子和短路电流都有所改善。 这通过由于生长到ITO表面上的CuPc的改善的结晶度而降低串联电阻来解释。

公开(公告)号：US20120061658A1

公开(公告)日：2012-03-15

申请号：US13319932

申请日：2010-06-03

Applicant: Stephen R. Forrest ,  Richard R. Lunt ,  Stephane Kena-Cohen ,  Brian Einstein Lassiter

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Richard R. Lunt ,  Stephane Kena-Cohen ,  Brian Einstein Lassiter

IPC: H01L51/46 ,  H01L51/56 ,  H01L51/54 ,  H01L51/48

CPC classification number: H01L51/001 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  H01L51/0012 ,  H01L51/0046 ,  H01L51/0053 ,  H01L51/0055 ,  H01L51/56 ,  Y02E10/549 ,  Y02P70/521

Abstract: An organic photosensitive device having an organic film with a desired crystalline order includes a first electrode layer and at least one structural templating layer disposed on the first electrode A photoactive region is disposed on the templating layer and includes a donor material and an acceptor material, wherein the donor or the acceptor is templated by the templating layer, and further wherein a majority of the molecules of the templated material are in a non-preferential orientation with respect to the first electrode An organic light emitting device incorporating such organic films includes a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer, at least one structural templating layer disposed between the first and second electrodes, and a functional layer disposed over the templating layer A majority of the molecules of the functional layer are in a non-preferential orientation with respect to the layer below the templating layer

Abstract translation: 具有期望结晶度的有机薄膜的有机光敏元件包括第一电极层和设置在第一电极A上的至少一个结构模板层。光学活性区设置在模板层上，并且包括施主材料和受主材料，其中 供体或受体由模板层模板化，其中模板化材料的大部分分子相对于第一电极处于非优先取向。结合这种有机薄膜的有机发光器件包括第一电极 层，第二电极层，设置在第一和第二电极之间的至少一个结构模板层，以及设置在模板层上的功能层。功能层的大部分分子相对于第二电极层处于非优先取向 在模板层下面

公开(公告)号：US20110241046A1

公开(公告)日：2011-10-06

申请号：US13019753

申请日：2011-02-02

Applicant: Stephen R. Forrest

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest

IPC: H01L51/52

CPC classification number: H01L25/048 ,  H01L2251/5307 ,  H01L2251/5361 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  H01L2924/00

Abstract: Light emitting devices are provided that include one or more OLEDs disposed only on a peripheral region of the substrate. An OLED may be disposed only on a peripheral region of a substantially transparent substrate and configured to emit light into the substrate. Another surface of the substrate may be roughened or include other features to outcouple light from the substrate. The edges of the substrate may be beveled and/or reflective. The area of the OLED(s) may be relatively small compared to the substrate surface area through which light is emitted from the device. One or more OLEDs also or alternatively may be disposed on an edge of the substrate about perpendicular to the surface of the substrate through which light is emitted, such that they emit light into the substrate. A mode expanding region may be included between each such OLED and the substrate.

Abstract translation: 提供了发光器件，其包括仅在衬底的周边区域上设置的一个或多个OLED。 OLED可以仅设置在基本上透明的衬底的周边区域上并且被配置为将光发射到衬底中。 衬底的另一表面可以被粗糙化或者包括其它特征以便从衬底外耦合光。 基板的边缘可以是倾斜的和/或反射的。 与从器件发出光的衬底表面区域相比，OLED的面积可能相对较小。 一个或多个OLED还可以或者可选地可以设置在基板的边缘上，垂直于基板的表面，光通过该表面发射，使得它们将光发射到基板中。 可以在每个这样的OLED和基板之间包括模式扩展区域。

公开(公告)号：US20110186910A1

公开(公告)日：2011-08-04

申请号：US12878261

申请日：2010-09-09

Applicant: Stephen R. Forrest ,  Jeramy Zimmerman ,  Kyusang Lee ,  Kuen-Ting Shiu

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Jeramy Zimmerman ,  Kyusang Lee ,  Kuen-Ting Shiu

IPC: H01L29/06 ,  H01L21/302 ,  H01L31/0352

CPC classification number: H01L31/1892 ,  H01L21/7813 ,  H01L31/0735 ,  H01L31/1852 ,  H01L31/1896 ,  Y02E10/544

Abstract: There is disclosed methods of making photosensitive devices, such as flexible photovoltaic (PV) devices, through the use of epitaxial liftoff. Also described herein are methods of preparing flexible PV devices comprising a structure having a growth substrate, wherein the selective etching of protective layers yields a smooth growth substrate that us suitable for reuse.

Abstract translation: 公开了通过使用外延剥离来制造诸如柔性光伏（PV）器件的光敏器件的方法。 本文还描述了制备包含具有生长衬底的结构的柔性PV器件的方法，其中保护层的选择性蚀刻产生了适合于再利用的平滑生长衬底。

公开(公告)号：USRE42561E1

公开(公告)日：2011-07-19

申请号：US11787753

申请日：2007-04-16

Applicant: Chihaya Adachi ,  Marc A. Baldo ,  Stephen R. Forrest

Inventor： Chihaya Adachi ,  Marc A. Baldo ,  Stephen R. Forrest

IPC: H05B33/14 ,  H01L51/54

CPC classification number: H01L51/5016 ,  H01L51/005 ,  H01L51/0069 ,  H01L51/0072 ,  H01L51/0084 ,  H01L51/5004 ,  H01L51/5048 ,  Y10S428/917

Abstract: An organic light emitting device structure having an organic light emitting device (OLED) over a substrate, where the OLED has, for example, an anode, a hole transporting layer (HTL), a first electron transporting layer (ETL) that is doped with a phosphorescent material, a second electron transporting layer (ETL), and a cathode. The OLEDs of the present invention are directed, in particular, to devices that include an emissive layer comprised of an electron transporting host material having a triplet excited state energy level that is higher than the emissive triplet excited state energy level of the phosphorescent dopant material.

Abstract translation: 一种在衬底上具有有机发光器件（OLED）的有机发光器件结构，其中OLED具有例如阳极，空穴传输层（HTL），第一电子传输层（ETL），其掺杂有 磷光材料，第二电子传输层（ETL）和阴极。 本发明的OLED特别涉及包括由具有高于磷光掺杂剂材料的发光三重激发态能级的三线态激发态能级的电子传输性主体材料构成的发射层的器件。

公开(公告)号：US20110045196A1

公开(公告)日：2011-02-24

申请号：US12823323

申请日：2010-06-25

Applicant: Stephen R. Forrest ,  Max Shtein

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Max Shtein

IPC: B05D1/02

CPC classification number: B05D1/60 ,  C23C14/12 ,  C23C14/228 ,  H01L51/0003 ,  H01L51/0081

Abstract: A method of depositing organic material is provided. A carrier gas carrying organic material is ejected from a nozzle at a flow velocity that is at least 10% of the thermal velocity of the carrier gas, such that the organic material is deposited onto a substrate. In some embodiments, the dynamic pressure in a region between the nozzle and the substrate surrounding the carrier gas is at least 1 Torr, and more preferably 10 Torr, during the ejection. In some embodiments, a guard flow is provided around the carrier gas.

Abstract translation: 提供了沉积有机材料的方法。 携带有机材料的载气以比载气的热速度的至少10％的流速从喷嘴喷出，使得有机材料沉积到基底上。 在一些实施例中，在喷射期间喷嘴和围绕载体气体的基底之间的区域中的动态压力为至少1托，更优选为10托。 在一些实施例中，围绕载气提供防护流。

公开(公告)号：US20100247766A1

公开(公告)日：2010-09-30

申请号：US12729448

申请日：2010-03-23

Applicant: Stephen R. Forrest ,  Gregory McGraw

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Gregory McGraw

IPC: C23C16/44 ,  C23C16/00

CPC classification number: C23C14/12 ,  B41J2/005 ,  C23C14/04 ,  C23C14/228

Abstract: A first device is provided. The device includes a print head. The print head further includes a first nozzle hermetically sealed to a first source of gas. The first nozzle has an aperture having a smallest dimension of 0.5 to 500 microns in a direction perpendicular to a flow direction of the first nozzle. At a distance from the aperture into the first nozzle that is 5 times the smallest dimension of the aperture of the first nozzle, the smallest dimension perpendicular to the flow direction is at least twice the smallest dimension of the aperture of the first nozzle.

Abstract translation: 提供第一个设备。 该装置包括打印头。 打印头还包括密封到第一气体源的第一喷嘴。 第一喷嘴在垂直于第一喷嘴的流动方向的方向上具有最小尺寸为0.5至500微米的孔。 在与第一喷嘴的孔的最小尺寸的5倍的孔到第一喷嘴的距离处，垂直于流动方向的最小尺寸至少是第一喷嘴的孔的最小尺寸的两倍。

公开(公告)号：US20100194267A1

公开(公告)日：2010-08-05

申请号：US12365349

申请日：2009-02-04

Applicant: Stephen R. Forrest ,  Noel Giebink

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Noel Giebink

IPC: H01J1/62

CPC classification number: H01L51/5262 ,  H01L51/52 ,  H01L51/5206 ,  H01L51/5212 ,  H01L51/5275

Abstract: Organic light emitting devices having a low-index electrode and a substrate with a surface treatment are provided. The combination of a relatively low-index electrode and a surface-treated substrate may eliminate guided modes and increase the light outcoupled by the device. It has been found that the combination surprisingly provides up to 1.5 times more outcoupled light than would be expected based on the performance of similar devices having higher-index electrodes.

Abstract translation: 提供了具有低折射率电极的有机发光器件和具有表面处理的衬底。 相对较低折射率的电极和经表面处理的基底的组合可以消除引导模式并增加由该装置输出的光。 已经发现，基于具有较高折射率电极的类似器件的性能，该组合令人惊奇地提供比预期的多1.5倍的外耦合光。

公开(公告)号：US07744957B2

公开(公告)日：2010-06-29

申请号：US10690704

申请日：2003-10-23

Applicant: Stephen R. Forrest ,  Max Shtein

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Max Shtein

IPC: C23C16/00 ,  B05D5/06

CPC classification number: C23C14/12 ,  C23C14/228 ,  H01L51/0013 ,  H01L51/0081

Abstract: A method of depositing organic material is provided. A carrier gas carrying an organic material is ejected from a nozzle at a flow velocity that is at least 10% of the thermal velocity of the carrier gas, such that the organic material is deposited onto a substrate. In some embodiments, the dynamic pressure in a region between the nozzle and the substrate surrounding the carrier gas is at least 1 Torr, and more preferably 10 Torr, during the ejection. In some embodiments, a guard flow is provided around the carrier gas. In some embodiments, the background pressure is at least about 10e-3 Torr, more preferably about 0.1 Torr, more preferably about 1 Torr, more preferably about 10 Torr, more preferably about 100 Torr, and most preferably about 760 Torr. A device is also provided. The device includes a nozzle, which further includes a nozzle tube having a first exhaust aperture and a first gas inlet; and a jacket surrounding the nozzle tube, the jacket having a second exhaust aperture and a second gas inlet. The second exhaust aperture completely surrounds the first tube aperture. A carrier gas source and an organic source vessel may be connected to the first gas inlet. A guard flow gas source may be connected to the second gas inlet. The device may include an array of such nozzles.

Abstract translation: 提供了沉积有机材料的方法。 携带有机材料的载气以比载气的热速度的至少10％的流速从喷嘴喷出，使得有机材料沉积在基板上。 在一些实施例中，在喷射期间喷嘴和围绕载体气体的基底之间的区域中的动态压力为至少1托，更优选为10托。 在一些实施例中，围绕载气提供防护流。 在一些实施方案中，背景压力为至少约10e-3乇，更优选约0.1乇，更优选约1乇，更优选约10乇，更优选约100乇，最优选约760乇。 还提供了一种设备。 所述装置包括喷嘴，所述喷嘴还包括具有第一排气孔和第一气体入口的喷嘴管; 以及围绕喷嘴管的护套，护套具有第二排气孔和第二气体入口。 第二排气孔完全围绕第一管孔。 载气源和有机源容器可以连接到第一气体入口。 保护流气源可以连接到第二气体入口。 该装置可以包括这种喷嘴的阵列。

公开(公告)号：US07682660B2

公开(公告)日：2010-03-23

申请号：US12168532

申请日：2008-07-07

Applicant: Max Shtein ,  Stephen R. Forrest

Inventor： Max Shtein ,  Stephen R. Forrest

IPC: C23C16/00

CPC classification number: C23C14/12 ,  C23C14/24

Abstract: A method of fabricating an organic film is provided. A non-reactive carrier gas is used to transport an organic vapor. The organic vapor is ejected through a nozzle block onto a cooled substrate, to form a patterned organic film. A device for carrying out the method is also provided. The device includes a source of organic vapors, a source of carrier gas and a vacuum chamber. A heated nozzle block attached to the source of organic vapors and the source of carrier gas has at least one nozzle adapted to eject carrier gas and organic vapors onto a cooled substrate disposed within the vacuum chamber.

Abstract translation: 提供一种制造有机膜的方法。 非反应性载气用于运输有机蒸气。 将有机蒸气通过喷嘴块喷射到冷却的基底上，以形成图案化的有机膜。 还提供了一种用于执行该方法的装置。 该装置包括有机蒸汽源，载气源和真空室。 连接到有机蒸气源和载气源的加热喷嘴块具有至少一个适于将载气和有机蒸汽喷射到设置在真空室内的冷却基板上的喷嘴。