Abstract:
An exhaust aftertreatment process including providing a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst disposed in an exhaust stream of an internal combustion engine; determining that a temperature of the exhaust stream is not within an NH3 based SCR range; and providing an amount of unburned hydrocarbon (UHC) to the SCR catalyst in response to the temperature of the exhaust stream not being within an NH3 based SCR range.
Abstract:
One embodiment is a method including operating an SCR system at a plurality of commanded ammonia to NOx input ratios, providing a plurality of data indicating NOx output from the SCR system for the plurality of commanded ammonia to NOx input ratios, and evaluating the plurality of data to diagnose the SCR system. Additional embodiment are methods, systems, and apparatuses including SCR diagnostics. Further embodiments, forms, objects, features, advantages, aspects, and benefits shall become apparent from the following description and drawings.
Abstract:
An online monitoring and controlling system is used for monitoring and controlling sulfur content in heat stable salts or in a flue gas stream. The system comprises valves, sensors and analyzers that are operated by a valve flow and control system that regulates the valves to redirect flow of the heat stable salt or the flue gas stream to reduce the sulfur to below a desirable value. The valve and flow control system is automated and uses a feedback loop to control the sulfur content.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to processes for producing fermentation products from starch-containing material, wherein liquefied mash is saccharified or pre-saccharified using a thermostable carbohydrate-source generating enzyme before fermentation or SSF.
Abstract:
A multiple-antenna transceiver in the present invention includes a frame controller and circuitry for transmitting and receiving. The transmitting component includes a sequence selection circuit, a MIMO modulation and coding circuit, and numerous TX RFE and AFE circuits. The receiving component includes a MIMO demodulation and decoding circuit, a sequence separation circuit, and numerous RX RFE and AFE circuits. The frame controller can enable and disable the TX and RX RFE and AFE circuits individually so as to reduce power consumption of the whole system.
Abstract:
A sphere decoding method applied to a MIMO channel is provided. Multiple constellation points of an nth detection layer corresponding to a MIMO channel matrix are enumerated based on an enumeration rule, and at least one nth sub-set of the nth detection layer is defined. K constellation points are obtained from each of the at least one nth sub-set as preferred points, and Kn preferred points are selected from all the K preferred points of the at least one nth sub-set. K1 preferred points are transferred to a second detection layer from a first detection layer. K(T−1) preferred points are transferred to a Tth detection layer from a (T−1)th detection layer. An optimal solution is determined according to Kn preferred points of the nth detection layer. K and at least one of K1 to KT are determined by the The characteristic of the MIMO channel matrix.
Abstract:
An application of 2,5-dihydroxymethyl-3,6-dimethyl pyrazine and its derivatives in the preparation of drugs for the treatment of, prevention of, and/or protection from heart failure wherein the structural formula of the compound is as follows:
Abstract:
A wireless communication device is disclosed. The wireless communication device includes a frequency hopping communication circuit, a power spectral density circuit and a control circuit. The frequency hopping communication circuit includes a channel map. The frequency hopping communication circuit selects one of channel in a channel map to connect to another frequency hopping communication circuit according to the channel map. The power spectral density circuit for generating a power spectral density signal by measuring spectrums on all channels connected to the frequency hopping communication circuit. The control circuit receives the power spectral density and output statistical distribution data to the frequency hopping communication circuit. The frequency hopping communication circuit updates the channel map according to the statistical distribution data.
Abstract:
This invention relates to novel pyrrozolotriazine compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds and the use of those compounds and compositions for the prevention and/or treatment of hyper-proliferative disorders and diseases associated with angiogenesis.
Abstract:
An exhaust aftertreatment process including providing a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst disposed in an exhaust stream of an internal combustion engine; determining that a temperature of the exhaust stream is not within an NH3 based SCR range; and providing an amount of unburned hydrocarbon (UHC) to the SCR catalyst in response to the temperature of the exhaust stream not being within an NH3 based SCR range.